The USA

教學(xué)目標

一、教學(xué)目標與要求
通過本單元教學(xué)，學(xué)生應(yīng)能熟練地運用表示“提供和拒絕幫助”的常用語；復(fù)習(xí)句子的成分——主語；了解紐約的發(fā)展歷史和土著人被壓迫的歷史。
二、教學(xué)重點與難點
1.重點詞匯
1. a handful of 2. tear down 3. turn away 4. now that引導(dǎo)狀語從句 5. take possession of 6. have an effect on 7. make agreements with 8. become know as… 9. deal with 10. in turn 11. in the rush
2.重點句型
1)Today Native Americans express their anger over this business deal.
2)This is because the surface of the earth is not flat but round.
3)Now that they could ride horses, it became easier to hunt the bison.
4)This in return had an effect on the food supply for wolves.
3.語法 復(fù)習(xí)和歸納句子的成分——主語
1)The first settlers on the plains were farmers.
2)The killing of the bison changed the whole wild life of the plains.
3)Whether he will come or not is unknown.
4)To see is to believe.
5)The learned should be respected.

教學(xué)建議

教學(xué)教法：
進入高三下學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí)，基本進入了全面?zhèn)淇紶顟B(tài)。北京特級教師張鐵城老師有如下建議：
1. 對近年高考題精耕細作，反對盲目的題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)。
2. 不要單純背詞匯表，要把詞匯與語法結(jié)合起來，要在具體語篇中記憶詞匯。
3. 要多讀多題材的閱讀文，特別是現(xiàn)代生活中的熱點問題。
4. 要增加聽力訓(xùn)練的力度，充分利用高三課本資源。
詞語辨析：
1.By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125 000, making it the largest city in the USA.
making it the largest city in the USA是分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。動詞make 意為“使成為”，接名詞或形容詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.
Her husband died in the war, making her a widow with three children
2.In 1858 an area of poor housing, factories and farm buildings was torn down and Central Park was created, reaching from 59th Street to 110th Street and across three avenues.
1）tear（tore，tom）是動詞，意為“撕開，扯掉”。短語動詞 tear down，意為“撕下，拆毀”。如：
tear down a notice 撕下一張通知
tear down a dangerous wall 拆毀一道危墻
2）reach作“延伸”解。reaching from 59th Street. . . and across three avenues是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，修飾Central Park，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
①現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語相當(dāng)于限制性定語從句，表示主動的動作或動作正在進行。
Anyone swimming will be punished.
The road joining the two villages is very wide.連接這兩個村子的路非常寬。
③現(xiàn)在分詞的被動語態(tài)作后置定語（既表示被動，也表示動作正在進行）
The question being discussed is very important.
Do you know the boy being punished by our teacher?
3.In 1892 the age of mass arrival began, during which 15 million new people passed through Ellis into the USA. over a period of 62 years.
1）mass是名詞，意為“大量，大批”，mass arrival是名詞修飾名詞，mass作定語。英語中名詞修飾名詞是常有的現(xiàn)象。如：
head teacher班主任 express train快車
news broadcast 新聞廣播 welcome speech 歡迎詞
time table時間表 orange juice 橘子汁
press conference 記者招待會 research project研究計劃
power plant電廠 weather forecast天氣預(yù)報
2）pass through為固定短語，含義為“穿過，通過，路過”，其中 through既可當(dāng)介詞用，也可當(dāng)副詞用。如：
He passed through unspeakable difficulties.
We're just passing through on our way to Shanghai
4.now that，due to，because of，owing to，since，as
1）now that.作“既然”時相當(dāng)于since.突出事實性，而as作“既然”語氣較弱。有時now that中的that可省去。如：
Now（that）you are well again，you can travel.你既然恢復(fù)了健康，就能夠旅行了。
2）due to作“由于，因為，應(yīng)歸功于”時常作表語或跟在名詞后。如：
The flight was cancelled due to the storm.班機因暴風(fēng)雨停航了。
3）because of“由于，因為”只能引導(dǎo)副詞短語，在句中作狀語或表語。如：
Lincoln is admired because of his leadership.林肯由于出色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)而受到人們的贊賞。
4）owing to“由于，因為”常在現(xiàn)代英語中與 because of，due to換用。如：
Owing to unfavourable weather，I was unable to carry on with it.由于天氣不好。我不能把它進行下去。