Great scientists（Period 1　Welcome to the Unit ）

the design of the writing on the blackboard

unit 1　great scientists

period 1　welcome to the unitbrainstorming

research and activitiesdiy

　　 1.cover a glass of water with a piece of thick paper.put one hand on the paper and turn the glass upside down.slowly take your hand away.what happens?why?��2.fill one glass with fresh water and another glass with salt water. put an ice cube in each glass.what happens?why?3.find out as many famous sayings from those scientists as possible.

reference for teaching1.charles darwin was born in shrewsbury(shropshire) to a moderately wealthy family with a strong intellectual heritage.his grandfather, erasmus darwin, was a physician, poet and biologist who laid some of the groundwork for the grandson’s revolutionary ideas.charles attended christ’s college at cambridge with initial thoughts of entering the clergy, but soon took up studies in biology, zoology and geology.from 1831 to 1836, he served as a naturalist aboard the hms beagle on its scientific mission to south america and the pacific.back in england, he published a series of scientific treatises which established his reputation as one of the prominent thinkers of his day.from 1842 onwards, he lived on a country estate in kent and pursued his studies among its gardens and livestock.��by 1844, he had written the initial draft of his groundbreaking treatise on evolution and natural selection.however, he left this work unpublished for several years, preferring to refine and elaborate its core ideas.in 1858, he read a forthcoming paper by a fellow scientist alfred russell wallace whose thesis closely paralleled darwin’s own unpublished ideas, an event which pushed darwin to go public with his own research.both wallace’s and darwin’s papers were presented to the linnean society in a famous july, 1858 meeting. darwin published the origin of species by means of natural selection in 1859, sparking decades of contentious debate which ultimately led to the universal scientific recognition of darwin’s thesis.in later years, he developed his ideas further in monographs on different types of plant and animal life.notes: shrewsbury: 什魯斯伯里[英國英格蘭西部城市]��physician: 內科醫生 (注意區分physicist, 物理學家) ��revolutionary: 創新的��hms: （英國）皇家海軍艦船 (her/his majesty’s ship)��treatises: 論文��2.stephen william hawking was born on 8 january 1942 (300 years after the death of galileo) in oxford, england.his parents’ house was in north london, but during the second world war oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.when he was eight, his family moved to st albans, a town about 20 miles north of london.at eleven stephen went to st albans school, and then on to university college, oxford, his father’s old college. stephen wanted to do mathematics, although his father would have preferred medicine.mathematics was not available at university college, so he did physics instead.after three years and not very much work he was awarded a first class honours degree in natural science.