Module 1        Deep  South

6. strong winds driven by gravity（受地球重力的驅動）blow from the pole （極地）to the coastline, while other winds blow round the coast.（同時也有其他方向吹來的風）
7. yet antarctica is full of（充滿） wildlife , which has adapted to（適應） its extreme （極度的）conditions
★adapt to =adjust oneself to 使適應
1）she adapted herself quickly to the new climate.她很快適應了這種新氣候。
8.gases and minerals , in the forms of volcanic dust trapped in the ice(以火山灰形式封凍在冰層里), can tell us a lot about what the world’s climate was like in past ages.
★ trap v. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱 trap sb into doing sth 誘使某人做某事
 1）they were trapped in the burning hotel. 他們被困在發生火災地賓館里。
 2)he trapped me into admitting i had done it.他誘騙我事情是我干的。
9.since most antarctic rocks are dark in colour(在顏色上) , they stand out （顯眼，出色）against the white background and are easy to identify（確認，驗明） and collect.
★stand out 顯眼，出色
 1）the red flag stood out against the blue sky.在藍天的映襯下，紅旗格外耀眼。
10.then in 1895,a norwegian called carstens borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on (踏上，進入)the antarctic mainland.
11.a spirit of international friendship has replaced the rivalry that existed between many of the earlier explorers.一種國際友誼已經代替了早期探險家之間的互相竟爭。
★rivalry n. （不斷的）競爭  rival n. 競爭者 v。 與。。競爭，與。。。匹敵
1) none of us can rival him in strength.我們當中沒有人力氣比他大。
2) he is my father’s rival in trade. 他是我父親商場上的對手。
12.in particular(尤其), it aims to keep antarctica free from （免于）nuclear tests and radioactive wastes  （放射性污染）
13.antarctica has become perhaps the most successful symbol of man’s efforts to work together for progress and peace.南極洲或許已經成為人類為和平與發展而共同努力的最成功的標志。
14.but the long antarctica winter night, which lasts for 182 days( the longest period of continuous darkness on earth), as well as the extreme cold and lack of rainfall, means that few types of plants can survive there .但是，南極洲漫漫冬夜將持續182天，（世界上最長的連續的黑夜）還有其嚴寒，雨量的缺乏，這都意味著很少種類的植物能在那里生存。