unin11 The merchant of Venice Lesson42—43
-------the merchant of venice
teaching procedures:
step i. oragainzing
greetings and make a duty report.
step ii. introduction:
find out how much the students know about the writer william shakespeare and ask some questions like this:
what do you know about shakespeare? what is his nationality?
when was he born and when did he die?
do you know the titles of any of his plays? suggested answers:
1 the king henry vi 亨利六世
2 the comedy of errors 錯中錯
3 the taming of the shrew 馴悍婦
4 romeo and juliet 羅密歐與朱麗葉
5 a midsummer night’s dream 仲夏夜之夢
6 the merchant of venice 威尼斯商人
7 as you like it 如愿
8 twelfth night(what you will) 第十二夜
9 hamlet 哈姆萊特 10 all’s well ends well 皆大歡喜
11 measure for measure 惡有惡報 12 othello 奧塞羅
13 king lear 李爾王 14 macbeth 麥克白
15 the winter’s tale 冬天的故事 16 the tempest 暴風雨
write the key words and phrases raised by the ss during the discussion on the bb.
step iii. presentation
ask questions about the picture, and get the students to tell you what they think is happening.
step iv. reading comprehension.
ask students to read the introduction silently and find out the answers to followimg questions.
1.the text mainly talks about_______________.
a.antonio’s charities(善行)and shylock’s cruelty
b.portia’s cleverness and antonio’s charities
c.shylock’s cruelty and portia’s cleverness
d.the three colorful characters of antonio, portia and shylock
2.antonio did business with _______________.
a. people in venice b. people in italy
c. people in other countries d. people in the world
3.antonio was a(n) ________________ person.
a. warm-hearted b. strong-willed
c. open-minded d. hot-tempered
4.what kind of person was shylock? he was ___________.
a. greedy and hypocritical b. hypocritical(虛偽) and cruel
c. cruel and lazy d. greedy and cruel
5.what did the duke mean by saying “don’t be so bitter”?
he wanted shylock to be _________________.
a. warm-hearted b. calm
c. kind-hearted d. reasonable
6.in writing style, this text is a _____________.
a. drama b. story c. fable d. fairy tale
7.the word “scold” in the text means to ______________.
a. fool with b. laugh at c. criticize d. quarrel with
8.it seems that the duke at the court supported ___________.
a. portia b. antonio c. shylock d. none of them
9.that portia was able to defend antonio was due to _________.
a. her cleverness b. her husband’s support
c. her husband’s help
d. her cleverness and her husband’s support
10.which happened last in part 2?
a.shylock insisted on having one pound of antonio’s flesh.
b.portia declared that the law allowed shylock to take antonio’s flesh.
c.antonio said his last words to bassanio.
d.portia warned bassanio of the impossibility of changing the law.
allow the students enough time to read the play and find the answers. get them to check their answers in pairs, then check the answers with the class.
answers:1c .2. c 3. a 4.d 5.c 6.a 7.c 8.b 9.a 10.b
stepv.language points:
mercy,bitter
have mercy on antonio,shylock.do not be so bitter.(line1 of page62)
one half of his money and his goods shall be given to the city of venice and the othe r half shall be given to the peson he hs tried to kill.his life shall be at he mercy of the duke.therefore, go down on you knees and beg the duke for mercy.(page64)
bitter在本課是“厲害的”，“懷恨的”的意思，這個詞還作“苦味的”，“嚴酷的”，“強烈的”等等講。
例如: bitter pills 苦藥片； bitter memories辛酸的記憶； bitter winter嚴寒的冬天；
bitter argument激烈的爭論。
2.desire:page 62,line11
let us be calm,gentlemen. shylck, how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?
i havedone nothing wrong and i fear no judg3ment. i desire my pound of flesh.
desire可以用作名詞,也可以當及物動詞用, 作及物動詞時,它后面可以接名詞、不定式、從句等等。例如: of course, they all desire happiness and health. 當然他們都渴望幸福與健康。
we desire to see the result. 我們希望看到結果。
i desire that you should come on time. 我希望你準時到。
3.seat: page62, part2,line 1
d:greetings, learned judge! i do not envy you your job. this is a most troublesome case.
p:greetings! please be seated. are you antonio, and is this your agreenent with shylock?
be seated
[說明] seat是及物動詞,主語是地點或地方,人作賓語,因此人作主語時,常用 be seated結構; seat還可以作名詞用,意思是 “座位”;要分清seat與 sit, 后者是不及物動詞,人作主語,地點作狀語。
例如:please be seated. 請坐。
he sat there, looking very calm. 他坐在那兒,看起來很平靜。
4.upon: page62,page64
p:mercy brings good. mercy falls like the gentle rain from the shy upon the earth.it blesses those who give it,and those who receive it.we should learn toshow mercy to others.do you still sdk for this pound of flesh?
5.comfort:page64
take my life too! my money andgoods are as dear to me as life itself.they are my only comfort.when you take those away from me, you also take my life.
comfort可以用作名詞,也可以當及物動詞用,意思是“安慰”,后面接某人。
例如: the sudden thought greatly comforted her. 這個突然的想法,極大地安慰了她。
she lives there in comfort. 她舒適地生活在那里。
［練習題］
1.they were so excited that they had ____ to sleep.
a. much desire b. little desire
c. many thoughts d. few moments
2. as he opened the door, he saw ____ young a boy ____ in a wheelchair some 20 feet away.
a. so, seat b. so, seated
c. such, sitting d. such, sat
3.the teacher ____ him and made a promise to help him.
a. desired b. greeted c. punished d. comforted
4.they talked about the leading role the headmaster ____ in the event.
a. finished b. did c. played d. prepared
5.the two brothers quarreled whenever they met as if they were ____ enemies.
a. bitter b. merciful c. greedy d. troublesome
參考答案：1. b (根據句意so excited ,他們是不想睡覺, 肯定形式是不對的, few moments 表示時間多少,與他們的心情無關,也不對。) 2. b (第一個空緊接一個形容詞，只能用so，第2個空是修飾名詞boy的，只能用seated形式。) 3. d （根據句意只能選 “安慰”。） 4.c （名詞role在前面,后面出現的是定語從句,修飾此名詞，played與它搭配構成詞組，是“起主要作用”的意思。） 5.a (根據句子意思,應該選bitter, bitter enemy是 “死敵” 的意思。)
2.句法:讀句子，做練習：（不作任何講解，要求學生根據語感完成習題，培養學生對英語的悟性。）
(1)it is useless trying to argue with shylock. 試圖跟夏洛克講理是沒有用的。
(2)if you offered me six times what you have just offered, i would still take my pound of flesh.
即使你愿意給我六倍于你剛才提出的錢數，我仍然要拿我應得的那一磅肉。
(3)he is young, but i never knew so young a body with so wise a head.
他很年輕，但我從來不知道有這么年輕又這么聰明的人。
［練習題］
1.the youngster was ____ excited that he began to come out of the wheelchair, but it was useless his trying to do that.
a. very b. such c. so d. quite
2.he was ____ that nobody regarded him as a guide.
a. so a young boy b. so young a boy
c. such young a boy d. such a boy young
3.he has ____ big a head to be supported by his slender neck.
a. too b. how c. so d. enough
4.i can give twice ____ you want.
a. that b. which c. what d. where
5.they were allowed to go skating ____ they were careful.
a. unless b. though c. even if d. on condition that
6.the money spent on food is twice the amount ____ you can offer.
a. that b. what c. when d. much
參考答案：1.c (這是so… that句型。) 2.b 3.a (這是too…to結構，盡管how與so符合接名詞的詞型，但它們不能與不定式連用；enough可以與不定式連用，但卻不符合題中的名詞型。) 4.c （twice后面接一個名詞，名詞后面又出現定語，此時只能用what來代替名詞和從句的關系詞, twice what =twice the thing that。) 5.d 6.a
homework
1.分組準備戲劇演出（要求背臺詞，排練動作）
2.一篇完型填空。
完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從36～55各題所給的四個選項(a、b、c和d)中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
while i was standing at the kitchen window, five－year－old spencer, my oldest son, ran into the house 16 ,“we need a doctor out here! we need a doctor! hurry, mom!” “what's wrong?” i asked. spencer anxiously told me he had found a dead bird that needed a doctor.
dutifully（順從地）, i seized a small plastic bag from the cupboard and took spencer's hand 17 , that's the sort of thing mothers do! while my son led me out of the door and 18 the bird, i explained that if the creature was indeed dead, a doctor could not 19 . when we arrived at the 20 scene, it was obvious that the baby bird was dead. spencer and i could see the nest（鳥巢） high up in the tree. my son and i 21 the probable age of the baby bird, its inability to fly well, and exactly how the 22 had caused its death. “i think his mommy and daddy really 23 him,” spencer observed. i 24 my boy's hand and tried to ease his 25 by saying i was sure they did, 26 they would be okay because the little bird had gone to heaven to be with god and popo（my deceased(去世了的) grandfather）. i assured（使確信）spencer that the bird's mommy and daddy knew that their little one would be 27 and loved. i told spencer that popo loved little birds, and i 28 he was in heaven holding and playing with the baby bird 29 . i picked up the little creature's body, slipped（悄悄放到）it into my plastic bag and 30 placed the bird in the rubbish bin. 31 was said about the matter for the rest of the day. spencer went right back to playing 32 he had never been interrupted, and i returned to my work in the kitchen.
at breakfast the next morning, spencer sadly explained to his father that he had found a baby bird the day before that had fallen from its nest.
“it was dead, daddy!” trying to 33 spencer's spirits and remind him that the little bird was really 34 , i asked our son to tell daddy 35 the baby bird was. spencer, looking solemn, faced at his dad, stated, “in the rubbish bin with mama's granddad, popo.”
16. a. saying b. screaming c. declaring d.telling
17. a. in fact b. at least c. of course d.after all
18. a. ahead b. toward c. found d. looked
19. a. come b. save c. help d. support
20. a. accident b. kitchen c. familiar d. angry
21. a. wondered b. discussed c. studied d. looked
22. a. fall b. tree c. mother bird d. other bird
23. a. hate b. lose c. miss d. love
24. a. picked up b. turned to c. got to d. reached for
25. a. excitement b. regret c. sadness d. disappointment
26. a. but that b. and that c. soon d. then
27. a. enjoyed b. played c. treated d. cared for
28. a. doubted b. found c. was sure d. was afraid
29. a. right now b. right then c. from now on d. now and then
30. a. gently b. loudly c. strongly d. firmly
31. a. nothing else b. nobody else c. everything d. something
32. a. as usual b. as if c. even though d. though
33. a. break b. rise c. show d. lift
34. a. wounded b. injured c. okay d. alive
35. a. where b. what c. how d. when
參考答案：
16～20 bdbca 21～25 bacdc 26～30 adcba 31～35 abdca