Unit 6 Mainly revision

教學(xué)目標(biāo) 

1.重點(diǎn)詞匯：
express ,advantage, blame, hand in hand ,bring in ,try out, give out,gift, work out, stick to, lead to, be content with, respect,prove, breakdown, nature, gather, rubbish, seek, get rid of, break up
2.重點(diǎn)句型：
1)It’s possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.
2)Isn’t it time you made someone’s life a bit easier?
3)It has been proved again and again that repeated advertising increases product sales.
3.交際用語：
Agreement & disagreement
I think it would be a good idea to …
I agree./I agree with…
That’s true/right.
Of course./No problem./I think so./I don’t think so.
I don’t agree with…
I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
4.復(fù)習(xí)運(yùn)去分詞作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語的用法

教學(xué)建議

教材分析
本單元課文詞匯，內(nèi)容較淺顯，課文亮點(diǎn)不多，建議教師快速處理完課文，把重點(diǎn)放在“環(huán)境保護(hù)”這個(gè)話題以及對第一-------第六單元的復(fù)習(xí)提高上。
過去分詞概念&過去分詞作表語，定語：
I.過去分詞也是一種非限定動(dòng)詞，一般只有一種形式，但少數(shù)過去分詞有兩種不同的形式，如：
born（生）——————————borne（負(fù)擔(dān)）
got（得到）——————————gotten（得到的）
hung（懸掛）——————————hanged（絞死）
lit（燃著）——————————lighted（燃著）
rotted（被腐爛）——————————rotten（腐爛的）
shrunk（被收縮）——————————shrunken（已收縮的）
struck（被打擊）——————————stricken（被打擊的）
sunk（陷下）——————————sunken（陷下的）
II.special Focus:
由以上例詞可以看出不同形式的過去分詞可具有不同的意義。有時(shí)二者的用法也不一樣�，F(xiàn)僅以sunk和sunken為例：
（1）His cheeks have sunk in.
他的兩頰陷了下去。（過去分詞sunk是主要?jiǎng)釉~，與助動(dòng)詞have構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞）
（2）He was sunk in thought.
他陷入沉思。（過去分詞sunk是非限定動(dòng)詞，用作表語）
（3）The old man has sunken cheeks.
那位老人的雙頰陷了下去（過去分詞sunken是非限定動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，用作定語）
III.Conclusion:
由此可以看出，作為非限定動(dòng)詞，過去分詞sunk與sunken的區(qū)別在于：前者的動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)較強(qiáng)，后者則已相當(dāng)于形容詞。
IV.過去分詞也有雙重性:
一方面有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面相當(dāng)于形容詞。如：
（1）I saw the ball thrown into the garden. 我看見那球被扔進(jìn)了花園。（有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)）
（2）She’s very worried. 她很擔(dān)心。（相當(dāng)于形容詞）
V.句法功能:A:過去分詞用作表語
Fill in the blank with past participle. Pay attention to their meanings.
A. mistaken B. Gone C. broken D. satisfied E. gone
(1) Never touch an electric wire when it is__________. 決不要觸摸斷了的電線。（表示狀態(tài)）
(2) He’s ________________. 他走了。（不久前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）
(3) You’re _______________. 你錯(cuò)了。（非永久性）
(4) Are you ___________ that I am telling the truth?你相信我說的是實(shí)話嗎？（后接that從句）
(5) _______________are the days when they could do what they liked.
他們?yōu)樗�欲為的日子一去不�?fù)返了。（用作表語的過去分詞可用于倒裝句中，置于句首）
(1) C (2) E (3) A (4) D (5)B
B.過去分詞用作定語
過去分詞可用作定語。如是單詞，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前，如：
(1) Did you pay a visit to the tomb of the Unknown Soldier?
你去看了無名英雄之墓嗎？（永久性）
(2) Her job was to take care of the wounded soldier.
她的工作就是照料這個(gè)傷員。（不久前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）
過去分詞短語用作定語時(shí)，一般置于其所修好的等詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句，如：
(1) Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.
卡車和公共汽車都燒煤氣，煤氣是裝在車頂上的袋中。（相當(dāng)于：
Trucks and buses were driven on gas which was carried in large bags on the roof. )
(2) The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the Chinese delegation.
他們舉行了歡迎中國代表團(tuán)的大會(huì)，到會(huì)的有5千多人。（相當(dāng)于meeting, which was attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the Chinese delegation. ）
詞語辨析：
1. fix, mend與repair
A.fix“修理，整理”主要指修理機(jī)器、表、機(jī)件，修補(bǔ)房層、車胎、玩具等。fix常可代替repair。如:
I am going to have my watch fixed. 我要把我的手表修一修。
You must get the radio fixed. 你得修一修這個(gè)收音機(jī)。
B.mend“修理，修補(bǔ)，縫補(bǔ)”，多指對玩具、衣服、鞋襪等的修補(bǔ)，有時(shí)也可指對道路、門窗及電器的修理。如：
Mary is mending her skirt.瑪麗正在補(bǔ)裙子。
He has sent his shoes there to be mended.他把鞋子送到那邊補(bǔ)去了。
C.repair“修，修理，修補(bǔ)”，多指對機(jī)械、車輛、無線電、建筑物，道路等比較復(fù)雜的修理，對衣服。鞋襪的修補(bǔ)也可用repair，但mend更常用。如
Some workers are repairing the road.一些工人在修路。
Has the television set been repaired yet? 電視機(jī)修好了嗎？
2.agree的各種搭配
A.agree with sb.表示“同意某人的意見”；也可接表示意見、想法、觀點(diǎn)、決定的詞，即 agree with one’s views / opinions / words / what one says / decision等。如：
She always agrees with us in words but opposes in deeds.她總是口頭上贊成我們，行動(dòng)上反對。
I completely agree with what you said. 我完全同意你所說的。
I completely agree with your views on the question.我完全同意你對這個(gè)問題的看法。
agree with還可表示“相一致，符合”（不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)）。如：
The climate here doesn’t agree with me. 這里的氣候?qū)ξ也缓线m。
B.agree to，to是介詞，后面常跟plan，proposal, suggestion, arrangement等。如：
We all agree to your proposal. 我們都同意你的提議。
They agreed to Mary’s plan for the summer holidays.他們同意瑪麗的暑假計(jì)劃。
C.agree to do sth.同意做某事。如：They agreed to leave at once.
D.agree on/ upon就……達(dá)成協(xié)議（雙方?jīng)Q定，可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）。如：
I don’t agree with you on this problem. 在這問題上，我不同意你的意見。
We agreed on how to protect the environment. 就如何保護(hù)環(huán)境一事，我們?nèi)〉昧艘恢碌囊庖姟?BR> 4.“找”search, seek, hunt for, find, find out, look for
A.search通常指對某處、某地進(jìn)行搜查或搜索；對人時(shí)為“搜身”。常接for構(gòu)成短語search for，作“尋找；搜尋”解，其對象多為一個(gè)或一批人或物，如找礦，找資料，找文件，找工作等。它強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的行為，不著重結(jié)果。如：
The police searched him but nothing was found on him. 警方搜了他的身，但什么也沒找到。
They are searching for the missing child.他們在尋找失蹤的孩子。
B.seek一般用于抽象意義，有時(shí)也表示渴望得到某一具體的東西，是比較正式的書面用法。可構(gòu)成seek for，seek after等短語，作“尋找，設(shè)法得到”等解。其后可接動(dòng)詞不定式，此時(shí)表示“試圖，企圖”。如：
They seek information from various sources. 他們從各種來源收集信息。
They seek after the truth. 他們追求真理。
C.hunt for指竭力搜尋，其搜尋對象往往是某種迫切需要的東西或人。如：
This is just the thing I am hunting for. 這正是我在找的東西。
They’ve been hunting for you everywhere. 他們一直在到處找你。
D. look for強(qiáng)調(diào)找的過程。如：
He is looking for his dictionary bought yesterday. 他在找昨天買的那本詞典。
E.find通常強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。其后可跟名詞、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或that從句。如：
Use your head, then you’ll find a way. 開動(dòng)腦筋，就會(huì)有辦法的。
He found his home village unchanged. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)還是老樣子。
F.find out通過觀察、調(diào)查、詢問等方式找出（原因等），或發(fā)現(xiàn)（秘密、錯(cuò)誤）情況等，其后一般跟名詞、代詞或從句。如：
Have you found out his address? 你查到他的住址了嗎？
Please find out when the train leaves. 請打聽一下火車什么時(shí)候開。
5. suppose，guess及imagine的用法比較
A.suppose常指根據(jù)一些證據(jù)而得出的推斷，強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時(shí)性，可接不定式（特別是to be）、介詞短語、形容詞等的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，接從句等，作“假定，猜想”等解。如：
We all supposed him to be an actor.我們都以為他是個(gè)演員。
Let’s suppose he is right. 讓我們假定他是對的。
B.guess表達(dá)說話人在缺乏了解和證據(jù)時(shí)所陳述的見解，其后可接名詞、復(fù)合賓語、從句。如：
I should guess the old woman to be about sixty.我猜這位老太太六十歲上下。
Guess how much it is worth.猜猜看這東西值多少錢。
C.imagine指沒有充分證據(jù)或單憑某種模糊印象和感覺而設(shè)想、推斷。它跟guess一樣，都是缺乏證據(jù)的。其后可接名詞、v-ing的復(fù)合賓語、從句，還可與as連用。如：
We can hardly imagine life without electricity.我們簡直無法想象沒有電的生活會(huì)怎么樣。
I can’t imagine you/ your living alone in the small mountain village.
我簡直不能想象你竟然獨(dú)自住在小山村里。
6.be about to，be ready to的辨析：
這兩個(gè)復(fù)合助動(dòng)詞都作“樂意”講，但有區(qū)別：前者總是用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，而后者則既可用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)又可用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)。（注：美國英語往往把be not about to作“不愿意”講。）
比較：James was about to pay the bill.詹姆斯樂意掏錢付帳。（與 was ready to通用）
James was not ready to pay the bill.詹姆斯不樂意掏錢付賬。（不說He was not about to pay the bill.）
7.if only,so long as作“只要”講時(shí)的區(qū)別：
A.這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞同義，都作“只要”講，但不一定能通用：if only只能連接表達(dá)一時(shí)動(dòng)作的從句（參見詞條517和519），而as/so long as則限于連接含有“持續(xù)”意義或表達(dá)存在的從句（參見詞條583）。
例如：If only I have any chance，I shall try again.只要有機(jī)會(huì)，我將再試它一下。（所連接的從句沒有“持續(xù)”的含義）
So long as he remains reactionary，no revolutionary peoplewill take united action with him.只要他保持反動(dòng)不變，就沒有革命人民同他采取聯(lián)合行動(dòng)。（所連接的從句含有“持續(xù)”的含義）
So long as there are still many things which we don't knowand in which we lack experience we must be good at learningfrom other countries'strong points.只要我們還有許多東西不懂或缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們就該向別的國家學(xué)習(xí)它們的長處.（所連接的從句中含有“存在”的意義）
B.其次，前者多少含有“懷疑”的意境色彩，而后者則沒有這種意思。
比較：Betty will do the job well if only she works hard.只要貝蒂好好干，她是會(huì)把工作搞好的。（多少存有懷疑）
Betty will do the job well so long as she works hard.只要貝蒂好好干，她是會(huì)把工作搞好的。（未必有懷疑）

教學(xué)目標(biāo) 

1.重點(diǎn)詞匯：
express ,advantage, blame, hand in hand ,bring in ,try out, give out,gift, work out, stick to, lead to, be content with, respect,prove, breakdown, nature, gather, rubbish, seek, get rid of, break up
2.重點(diǎn)句型：
1)It’s possible that the reader or viewer will remember the advertisement but not the name of the product.
2)Isn’t it time you made someone’s life a bit easier?
3)It has been proved again and again that repeated advertising increases product sales.
3.交際用語：
Agreement & disagreement
I think it would be a good idea to …
I agree./I agree with…
That’s true/right.
Of course./No problem./I think so./I don’t think so.
I don’t agree with…
I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
4.復(fù)習(xí)運(yùn)去分詞作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語和狀語的用法

教學(xué)建議

教材分析
本單元課文詞匯，內(nèi)容較淺顯，課文亮點(diǎn)不多，建議教師快速處理完課文，把重點(diǎn)放在“環(huán)境保護(hù)”這個(gè)話題以及對第一-------第六單元的復(fù)習(xí)提高上。
過去分詞概念&過去分詞作表語，定語：
I.過去分詞也是一種非限定動(dòng)詞，一般只有一種形式，但少數(shù)過去分詞有兩種不同的形式，如：
born（生）——————————borne（負(fù)擔(dān)）
got（得到）——————————gotten（得到的）
hung（懸掛）——————————hanged（絞死）
lit（燃著）——————————lighted（燃著）
rotted（被腐爛）——————————rotten（腐爛的）
shrunk（被收縮）——————————shrunken（已收縮的）
struck（被打擊）——————————stricken（被打擊的）
sunk（陷下）——————————sunken（陷下的）
II.special Focus:
由以上例詞可以看出不同形式的過去分詞可具有不同的意義。有時(shí)二者的用法也不一樣。現(xiàn)僅以sunk和sunken為例：
（1）His cheeks have sunk in.
他的兩頰陷了下去。（過去分詞sunk是主要?jiǎng)釉~，與助動(dòng)詞have構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞）
（2）He was sunk in thought.
他陷入沉思。（過去分詞sunk是非限定動(dòng)詞，用作表語）
（3）The old man has sunken cheeks.
那位老人的雙頰陷了下去（過去分詞sunken是非限定動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞，用作定語）
III.Conclusion:
由此可以看出，作為非限定動(dòng)詞，過去分詞sunk與sunken的區(qū)別在于：前者的動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)較強(qiáng)，后者則已相當(dāng)于形容詞。
IV.過去分詞也有雙重性:
一方面有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)，另一方面相當(dāng)于形容詞。如：
（1）I saw the ball thrown into the garden. 我看見那球被扔進(jìn)了花園。（有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì)）
（2）She’s very worried. 她很擔(dān)心。（相當(dāng)于形容詞）
V.句法功能:A:過去分詞用作表語
Fill in the blank with past participle. Pay attention to their meanings.
A. mistaken B. Gone C. broken D. satisfied E. gone
(1) Never touch an electric wire when it is__________. 決不要觸摸斷了的電線。（表示狀態(tài)）
(2) He’s ________________. 他走了。（不久前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）
(3) You’re _______________. 你錯(cuò)了。（非永久性）
(4) Are you ___________ that I am telling the truth?你相信我說的是實(shí)話嗎？（后接that從句）
(5) _______________are the days when they could do what they liked.
他們?yōu)樗�欲為的日子一去不�?fù)返了。（用作表語的過去分詞可用于倒裝句中，置于句首）
(1) C (2) E (3) A (4) D (5)B
B.過去分詞用作定語
過去分詞可用作定語。如是單詞，常置于其所修飾的名詞之前，如：
(1) Did you pay a visit to the tomb of the Unknown Soldier?
你去看了無名英雄之墓嗎？（永久性）
(2) Her job was to take care of the wounded soldier.
她的工作就是照料這個(gè)傷員。（不久前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）
過去分詞短語用作定語時(shí)，一般置于其所修好的等詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句，如：
(1) Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.
卡車和公共汽車都燒煤氣，煤氣是裝在車頂上的袋中。（相當(dāng)于：
Trucks and buses were driven on gas which was carried in large bags on the roof. )
(2) The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the Chinese delegation.
他們舉行了歡迎中國代表團(tuán)的大會(huì)，到會(huì)的有5千多人。（相當(dāng)于meeting, which was attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the Chinese delegation. ）
詞語辨析：
1. fix, mend與repair
A.fix“修理，整理”主要指修理機(jī)器、表、機(jī)件，修補(bǔ)房層、車胎、玩具等。fix�？纱�替repair。如:
I am going to have my watch fixed. 我要把我的手表修一修。
You must get the radio fixed. 你得修一修這個(gè)收音機(jī)。
B.mend“修理，修補(bǔ)，縫補(bǔ)”，多指對玩具、衣服、鞋襪等的修補(bǔ)，有時(shí)也可指對道路、門窗及電器的修理。如：
Mary is mending her skirt.瑪麗正在補(bǔ)裙子。
He has sent his shoes there to be mended.他把鞋子送到那邊補(bǔ)去了。
C.repair“修，修理，修補(bǔ)”，多指對機(jī)械、車輛、無線電、建筑物，道路等比較復(fù)雜的修理，對衣服。鞋襪的修補(bǔ)也可用repair，但mend更常用。如
Some workers are repairing the road.一些工人在修路。
Has the television set been repaired yet? 電視機(jī)修好了嗎？
2.agree的各種搭配
A.agree with sb.表示“同意某人的意見”；也可接表示意見、想法、觀點(diǎn)、決定的詞，即 agree with one’s views / opinions / words / what one says / decision等。如：
She always agrees with us in words but opposes in deeds.她總是口頭上贊成我們，行動(dòng)上反對。
I completely agree with what you said. 我完全同意你所說的。
I completely agree with your views on the question.我完全同意你對這個(gè)問題的看法。
agree with還可表示“相一致，符合”（不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)）。如：
The climate here doesn’t agree with me. 這里的氣候?qū)ξ也缓线m。
B.agree to，to是介詞，后面常跟plan，proposal, suggestion, arrangement等。如：
We all agree to your proposal. 我們都同意你的提議。
They agreed to Mary’s plan for the summer holidays.他們同意瑪麗的暑假計(jì)劃。
C.agree to do sth.同意做某事。如：They agreed to leave at once.
D.agree on/ upon就……達(dá)成協(xié)議（雙方?jīng)Q定，可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）。如：
I don’t agree with you on this problem. 在這問題上，我不同意你的意見。
We agreed on how to protect the environment. 就如何保護(hù)環(huán)境一事，我們?nèi)〉昧艘恢碌囊庖姟?BR> 4.“找”search, seek, hunt for, find, find out, look for
A.search通常指對某處、某地進(jìn)行搜查或搜索；對人時(shí)為“搜身”。常接for構(gòu)成短語search for，作“尋找；搜尋”解，其對象多為一個(gè)或一批人或物，如找礦，找資料，找文件，找工作等。它強(qiáng)調(diào)尋找的行為，不著重結(jié)果。如：
The police searched him but nothing was found on him. 警方搜了他的身，但什么也沒找到。
They are searching for the missing child.他們在尋找失蹤的孩子。
B.seek一般用于抽象意義，有時(shí)也表示渴望得到某一具體的東西，是比較正式的書面用法�？蓸�(gòu)成seek for，seek after等短語，作“尋找，設(shè)法得到”等解。其后可接動(dòng)詞不定式，此時(shí)表示“試圖，企圖”。如：
They seek information from various sources. 他們從各種來源收集信息。
They seek after the truth. 他們追求真理。
C.hunt for指竭力搜尋，其搜尋對象往往是某種迫切需要的東西或人。如：
This is just the thing I am hunting for. 這正是我在找的東西。
They’ve been hunting for you everywhere. 他們一直在到處找你。
D. look for強(qiáng)調(diào)找的過程。如：
He is looking for his dictionary bought yesterday. 他在找昨天買的那本詞典。
E.find通常強(qiáng)調(diào)找的結(jié)果。其后可跟名詞、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)或that從句。如：
Use your head, then you’ll find a way. 開動(dòng)腦筋，就會(huì)有辦法的。
He found his home village unchanged. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)家鄉(xiāng)還是老樣子。
F.find out通過觀察、調(diào)查、詢問等方式找出（原因等），或發(fā)現(xiàn)（秘密、錯(cuò)誤）情況等，其后一般跟名詞、代詞或從句。如：
Have you found out his address? 你查到他的住址了嗎？
Please find out when the train leaves. 請打聽一下火車什么時(shí)候開。
5. suppose，guess及imagine的用法比較
A.suppose常指根據(jù)一些證據(jù)而得出的推斷，強(qiáng)調(diào)暫時(shí)性，可接不定式（特別是to be）、介詞短語、形容詞等的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，接從句等，作“假定，猜想”等解。如：
We all supposed him to be an actor.我們都以為他是個(gè)演員。
Let’s suppose he is right. 讓我們假定他是對的。
B.guess表達(dá)說話人在缺乏了解和證據(jù)時(shí)所陳述的見解，其后可接名詞、復(fù)合賓語、從句。如：
I should guess the old woman to be about sixty.我猜這位老太太六十歲上下。
Guess how much it is worth.猜猜看這東西值多少錢。
C.imagine指沒有充分證據(jù)或單憑某種模糊印象和感覺而設(shè)想、推斷。它跟guess一樣，都是缺乏證據(jù)的。其后可接名詞、v-ing的復(fù)合賓語、從句，還可與as連用。如：
We can hardly imagine life without electricity.我們簡直無法想象沒有電的生活會(huì)怎么樣。
I can’t imagine you/ your living alone in the small mountain village.
我簡直不能想象你竟然獨(dú)自住在小山村里。
6.be about to，be ready to的辨析：
這兩個(gè)復(fù)合助動(dòng)詞都作“樂意”講，但有區(qū)別：前者總是用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，而后者則既可用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)又可用于否定結(jié)構(gòu)。（注：美國英語往往把be not about to作“不愿意”講。）
比較：James was about to pay the bill.詹姆斯樂意掏錢付帳。（與 was ready to通用）
James was not ready to pay the bill.詹姆斯不樂意掏錢付賬。（不說He was not about to pay the bill.）
7.if only,so long as作“只要”講時(shí)的區(qū)別：
A.這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞同義，都作“只要”講，但不一定能通用：if only只能連接表達(dá)一時(shí)動(dòng)作的從句（參見詞條517和519），而as/so long as則限于連接含有“持續(xù)”意義或表達(dá)存在的從句（參見詞條583）。
例如：If only I have any chance，I shall try again.只要有機(jī)會(huì)，我將再試它一下。（所連接的從句沒有“持續(xù)”的含義）
So long as he remains reactionary，no revolutionary peoplewill take united action with him.只要他保持反動(dòng)不變，就沒有革命人民同他采取聯(lián)合行動(dòng)。（所連接的從句含有“持續(xù)”的含義）
So long as there are still many things which we don't knowand in which we lack experience we must be good at learningfrom other countries'strong points.只要我們還有許多東西不懂或缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們就該向別的國家學(xué)習(xí)它們的長處.（所連接的從句中含有“存在”的意義）
B.其次，前者多少含有“懷疑”的意境色彩，而后者則沒有這種意思。
比較：Betty will do the job well if only she works hard.只要貝蒂好好干，她是會(huì)把工作搞好的。（多少存有懷疑）
Betty will do the job well so long as she works hard.只要貝蒂好好干，她是會(huì)把工作搞好的。（未必有懷疑）

教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)示例Lesson22

Step I.Introduction:Show some pictures about pollution.

StepII.Fast reading:

A. Search for answers:(Now, I’ll give you 2 minutes to find out the answers:

1.what international organization has been mentioned in the text?

2.In China, what is becoming a serious problem?

B. Read again and answerT or F:

1. If waste is poured into rivers or seas without being treated,what will happen?

2. How is dangerous waste uauslly dealt with?

3.  What problems does throwing away rubbish cause in western countries?

4.  What is the situation like in China?

5.  What has been done for environmental protection?

Step III.Fill in blanks.

Dealing with waste

1.Waste must be__treated___ so that it doesnot become a danger to life.(paragraph1)

2.When this river finally reaches the sea, it pollutes the ocean. (paragraph1)

3.Human waste is piped directly into the sea without being treated. (paragraph2)

4.It is now against the law to throw anything into the sea within 5 kilomnetres of land. (paragraph3)

5.They seek to reduce waste, protect the earth,  the oceans and all forms of life in them. (paragraph5)

The throw-away society

1.This causes many problems.  (paragraph1)

2.This is a particular problem for large cities. (paragraph1)

3.InChina,rubbish,such as used plastic bags and boxes known as “whitepollution”. (paragraph1)

Step IV.Group work .(Divide the class into several groups and provide them with some topics of the text ,such as :

1)How do people pollute the Ocean?(based on the text,the Ss can add something.)

2)How do people protect the sea and stop the pollution? (based on the text,the Ss can add something.)

3)What are the problems in China? (based on the text,the Ss can add something.)

(Give them some minutes to prepare and say their opinions)

Step V. Languag points:

1.break down與 break up

break down:“分解”，可指物理變化或化學(xué)變化，如：

After many years,rocks broke down into dirt.（經(jīng)過多年以后，巖石就分解成塵埃。）

Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.(水可以分解成氫和氧)

當(dāng)表示“拆散”意思時(shí)，break down 與 break up 通用。如：

The old cars were broken down \up for their parts.(舊汽車被拆散以取得其零部件。)

break up:“撞毀，解體”如：

The ship was breaking up on the rock.(船在礁石上撞毀。)

2.depend on :“取決于…““靠…決定”如：

The price depends on quality.(價(jià)格取決于質(zhì)量。)

3.without doing:通常在句中作方式狀語。這里的動(dòng)詞-ing形式，可以是一般式，完成式，復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)等，表示“(某人)未做，未曾做，未經(jīng)…，未被…”等意思。如：

He was lucky ; he escaped from the burning house without being injured.

Do you think we’ll get a seat without having to queue?

They went back to the hotel without speaking.

Step VI.Home work:

Search for more information by themselves about the enviormental problems in Beijing,China,the world and how to deal with them and what should we do in daily life.The Ss will deliver their speech at the beginning of next class.

教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)示例Lesson23

StepI.Let the students deliver their speeches.

StepII.Fast reading and discuss:  Discuss these questions in groups of four.

1  Is any pollution caused by waste in China?

2  Is too much waste thrown away in China?

3  What materials are recycled in China?

4  How many different things are reused in China?

5  Can you tell how paper is made and recycled after being used? You may

use the pictures as a guide

StepIII.Fill in blanks.

1.European countries are now making an active effort to reuse materials more than they used to .(paragraph1)

2.Materials are collected, sorted,treated and used again. (paragraph1)

3.In many cities in Europe rubbish is collected separately. (paragraph1)

4.However, no single country can save the environment alone. (the last paragraph)

StepIV.教師可自己選用教學(xué)建議中的詞語辨析或語法：過去分詞的用法

StepV.Homework:

P 35: Exs3,4,5&P34:Exs2.

聽力完形教案

StepI.Listening:Listen for three times and finish filling the blanks.

Waste watch

A newspaper reporter is interviewing someone from “waste watch” in New York.

(J=Journalist      P=Person)

J: What exactly is your job?

P: Our job is to make sure that the laws about pollution and waste are not broken. There are over thirty different pollution laws in the state of New York.

J: when was the “Waste Watch”section started?

P:In 1981.There had been a lot of reports of pollution. So the government told the police force to start up a special section.
J:How bad was the situation?

P: It was pretty bad. Some firms were pouring waste straight from their factories into the rivers. Some were pouring liquid waste onto dry land inside the factory. Others were paying truck companies to take the waste out o town.

J:So what do you do now?

P: We look out for companies driving waste out of town. They need permission to do this. And we check on companies whenever we get reports.

J: Can you give an example?

P: Yes. We had an idea one company was breaking the law. Once a week a truck used to call at the company’s factory. It never delivered anything, but we thought it was taking away waste. .So we followed the truck..We used an ordinary car,not a police car, of course. At four o’clock the next morning, the truck drove to the port and started to pump the liquid into the sea. We stopped the driver, turned off the pump and took him to the police station.We had everything we needed, a bottle of the liquid and a photograph of the liquid being pumped into the sea.

StepII.完形填空

The clock had just struck eleven when I first heard a noise coming from the lift. I opened the door of our room and listened: someone was   1   against the door of the   2   and calling out at the same time.

“What’s   3   ?” I shouted. “The door has been   4  and I can’t get out,” the answer came back. The voice, which  5  like that of a girl, came from several   6  below.

My wife had now   7   me and she went off directly in search of the night porter (值班人) . After calling to the girl that   8  was on its way, I went back into the   9   to get some tools. Then I too hurried   10   the stairs until I reached the place   11  the lift was stuck.

I tried my hand at forcing to    12   the lift door, talking all the while to the girl trapped inside,   13   my tools were of no use for this purpose. Very   14   , however, my wife returned.   15  to find the porter, she had called the police, who agreed to send an engineer?   16   she has also got in touch with the fire service.  

In a short time the engineer appeared, followed by two   17   . Almost immediately afterwards the firemen    18   too. With his special equipment it   19  the engineer only a short while to get the door open. In spite of her experience, the girl was in good   20   . “I’m hungry,” was her only remark as she stepped out of her cage.

1. A. standing      B. beating    C. sitting    D. shouting

[解析]從空后的against the door…and calling out at the same time我們得此答案, beat在此意“敲、擊”。.    答案：B

2.A.flat     B. room    C .house       D .lift

[解析]從首句…when I first heard a noise from the lift. 我們得知，此時(shí)那人敲的是電梯的門。

3. A. matter      B. wrong    C. accident     D. question

[解析]在深夜11點(diǎn)鐘有人敲電梯的門，“我”感到不解，因此問“怎么了？”在此A有干擾性，matter用作名詞時(shí)，前面要有冠詞the。  答案：B

4. A. opened     B. broken   C. stuck      D. stopped

[解析]stuck在此意為“卡住、陷住”。  答案：C

5. A. sounded     B. heard   C. listened     D. looked  答案：A

6. A. stairs    B. floors     C. roofs        D .flights

[解析]“聲音來自幾層樓下”。在此A，C均有干擾性，floor指整個(gè)樓房的一層，從電梯的位置看，電梯應(yīng)是在樓梯口，因此B不合題意。stair指樓梯臺(tái)階，因此A也不合題意。a flight指樓梯的一段。   答案：D

7. A. called   B. stopped   C .seen   D. joined

[解析]“我妻子也加入進(jìn)來……”。join sb. 加入到某人的行列中；和某人一起…。答案：D

8.A.It        B. nothing   C .lift    D .help

[解析]“在告訴她救助就要來之后，……”。on the/one’s way, 即將到來 答案：D

9.A.lift      B. door   C. flat     D. way   答案：C

10. A. down        B. up    C. on      D. from

[解析]“我”從家里趕快返回電梯，從前文我們得知此時(shí)電梯在several flights below, 因此I hurried down the stairs .    答案：A

11.A.that     B. where   C. which     D. there

[解析] where引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾place, where在句中作狀語。答案：B

12. A. open         B. close    C. shut      D. turned

[解析]電梯的門一直緊閉，“我”想撬開門。force to do sth. 強(qiáng)行做某事。答案：A

13.A.though     B. if     C . but   D. because   答案：C

14. A. quickly     B. fast    C .well   D .soon

[解析]A、B也都可以表示“快”但quickly多側(cè)重行動(dòng)的敏捷，而fast指速度快，在此作者指不大會(huì)兒工夫，“我”妻子回來了，因此用soon一詞。   答案：D

15. A. Able      B. Unable   C. Glad   D. Sony

[解析]從she had called the police, …看，“我”妻子沒有找到值班人.答案：B

16. A. Besides     B. Instead   C. Still    D. But

[解析]besides在此為副詞，意思是“另外”。   答案：A

17. A. porters      B. men   C. policemen   D. firemen

[解析]她沒有找到值班人，因此A不合題意。從空后的almost immediately afterwards the firemen 18 (arrived) too. 得知D也不合題意。 答案：C

18. A. reached     B. arrived   C. got       D. left

[解析]A,C都可以表示到達(dá)，但reach當(dāng)“到達(dá)”解時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，get to + n. 或get后直接跟副詞才可表示“到達(dá)”。答案：B

19. A. spent       B. took     C. passed    D. stayed

[解析]It took sb. some time to do sth. 花某人一段時(shí)間做某事。spend也可表示“花費(fèi)”，但其主語是人而不是it或物。 答案：B

20. A. spirits      B. health   C. conditions    D. manners

[解析]“盡管有這次（不愉快的經(jīng)歷），女孩的情緒很好。”   答案：A

探究活動(dòng)

What's your opion on dealing with waste in China, or in Beijing?
What do you think about the "White Pollution"? Do you have some suggestion?