Unit 6 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer

unit 6 the adventures of tom sawyer(一)賓語從句的連詞：(1) 當(dāng)賓語從句原為陳述句時，用that引導(dǎo)，但是that可以被省略。tom isn't a good student. the teacher told us…→the teacher told us tom wasn't a silly boy.老師告訴我們湯姆不是一個傻孩子。he has given up smoking. she said…→she said he had given up smoking.她說他已經(jīng)戒煙了。(2) 當(dāng)賓語從句原為一般疑問句時，用whether或if連接，原疑問句要變化。is jim a doctor? i wonder…→i wonder whether jim is a doctor.我想知道吉姆是否是個醫(yī)生。(助動詞is,移到主語jim后)does she dance well? can you tell me…→can you tell me if she dances well?你能告訴我她舞跳的是否好嗎？(外加助動詞does刪除，動詞dance加s)(3) 當(dāng)賓語從句原為特殊疑問句時，原疑問句要變化。where were you going? she asked me…→she asked me where you were going.她問我你去哪里。(助動詞were,移到主語you后)what did he want to do? she wondered…→she wondered what he wanted to do.她不知道他想干什么。(外加助動詞did刪除，動詞want加ed)(二)賓語從句的時態(tài)：賓語從句的時態(tài)原則上應(yīng)與主句的時態(tài)保持一致。(1) 如果主句是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，賓語從句時態(tài)不受限制。i don't know who they are talking about.我不知道他們正在談?wù)撜l。i have heard the window was broken by john.我已經(jīng)聽說窗戶是被約翰打破的。(2) 如果主句是過去的時態(tài)(包括一般過去時)，賓語從句必須改用過去的某一時態(tài)(將助動詞改成過去時)he said he would kill her.他說他會殺了她。(will--would)she told us lucy had returned home.她告訴我們露茜已經(jīng)回家去了。(has--had)mary was wondering who could answer the question.(can--could)瑪麗想知道誰能回答這一問題。(一般過去時)i didn't told them where you were having the meeting.我沒有告訴他們你們正在哪兒開會。(過去進(jìn)行時)如果賓語從句表示的是科學(xué)其理、客觀事實(shí)或格言警句等，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時。granny told me that the earth moves around the sun.奶奶告訴我地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。she said a friend in need is a friend indeed.她說患難朋友才是真正的朋友。