Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”(Period 2 Learning about language: Important language points)
她們不想一路乘飛機(jī), 而決定先飛到溫哥華, 再從西海岸乘火車橫穿加拿大到達(dá)東海岸。
rather than prep. in preference to (sb. /sth. ); instead of 與其（某人/某物）; 不愿; 不要
i’ll have a lemonade rather than a coke.
我想喝檸檬汁, 不想喝可樂。
he was busy writing a letter rather than reading a newspaper.
他正忙于寫信而不是讀報。
4. going eastward, you’ll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.
一路向東行, 你會經(jīng)過一座座山脈, 上千個湖泊、森林, 還有寬闊的河流和許多大城市。
going eastward是現(xiàn)在分詞短語, 用作狀語, 表示時間, 相當(dāng)于時間狀語從句when you go eastward。
eastward也作eastwards, 副詞, 意為“向東”。例如:
they sailed eastward. 他們向東航行。
we couldn’t decide whether to go eastward or westward.
我們難以決定是向東走還是向西走。
-ward(s)是一個后綴, 意思是“朝著; 向著; 對著”。
例如: westward(s)向西southward(s) 向南northward(s)向北foreword(s)向前backward(s)向后outward(s) 向外
thousands of成千上萬的。注意million, billion, thousand, hundred, score, dozen之前有確定的數(shù)字時, 不論后面有無of, 詞尾都不加s。例如:
five hundred students 500 名學(xué)生
five hundred of them 他們當(dāng)中的500人
five score people 100人
five dozen eggs 五打雞蛋
如果前面沒有確定的數(shù)字而后接of時, 詞尾都加s。例如:
thousands of goats成千上萬只山羊
scores of years幾十年
5. some people have the idea that you can cross canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast.
有些人認(rèn)為可以在不到5天的時間里橫跨加拿大, 但是他們忘了加拿大從東海岸到西海岸有5500千米這個事實(shí)。
這是一個并列復(fù)合句。前一分句中的that you can cross canada in less than five days作idea的同位語, 是同位語從句; 后一分句中的that canada is 5500 kilometers from coast to coast作fact的同位語, 也是同位語從句。
6. people say it is canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the pacific ocean.
人們說溫哥華是加拿大最美麗的城市, 因?yàn)樗蝗荷胶吞窖笏鼑?br>surrounded by mountains and the pacific ocean是過去分詞短語, 用作狀語, 表示原因, 相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句as it is surrounded by mountains and the pacific ocean。
surround vt. (cause sb. /sth. to) move into position all round sb. /sth. 包圍; 圍住; 環(huán)繞; 圍繞。常用下列結(jié)構(gòu):
surround sb. /sth. with sb. /sth.
sth. /sb. be surrounded by/with sth.
the fence surrounds the school. 籬笆環(huán)繞著學(xué)校。
they have surrounded the town with troops.
他們出動軍隊(duì)包圍了該城。
the house is surrounded by high walls.
房子的四周有高墻。
7. skiing in the rocky mountains and sailing in the harbour make vancouver one of canada’s most popular cities to live in.