Unit 5 Canada—“The True North”(Period 2 Learning about language: Important language points)
落基山脈可以滑雪, 海港供你揚帆, 這些使得溫哥華成為加拿大最受歡迎的居住城市之一。
skiing in the rocky mountains和sailing in the harbor是兩個動名詞短語, 在句中作主語。動名詞作主語時, 謂語動詞通常用單數, 但若兩個或兩個以上的動名詞一起作主語, 謂語動詞則用復數。例如:
seeing is believing. 眼見為實。
fishing and swimming are my favorite sports.
釣魚和游泳是我最喜愛的運動項目。
make vancouver one of canada’s most popular cities to live in是“make+o. +o. c. ”結構。當make表示“使; 讓”等時, 后面跟復合賓語結構, 其中賓語補足語可以由名詞、形容詞等充當。例如:
karl marx made london the base for his revolutionary work.
卡爾•馬克思把倫敦作為他從事革命工作的基地。
8. the coast north of vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.
溫哥華以北的海岸生長著世界上最古老, 最美麗的森林。
north of=to the north of 表示“在……的北方”。其他方位詞, 如: east, west, south, southeast, northeast等, 都有類似的用法。例如:
he lives (to the) east of los angeles.
他住在洛杉磯以東（的地方）。
it’s about four hundred kilometers northeast of toronto. . .
它在多倫多東北大約400千米處……
9. it is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters.
那兒的濕度很大, 所以樹都長得特別高, 有的超過90米。
some measuring over 90 meters是獨立主格結構, 在句中作狀語。
measure
1)vi. & vt. find the size, length, volume, etc. of (sth. ) by comparing it with a standard unit測量assess (sth. ); gauge估計; 衡量; 判定be (a certain size, length, volume, etc. )為（某體積、長度、容積等）
mother measured me to see what size of dress i should have.
母親給我量尺寸, 好知道我該穿多大號的衣服。
it’s hard to measure his ability when we haven’t seen his work.
沒有見過他的作品, 很難估計他的能力。
the room measures 10 meters across.
這間屋寬10米。
2)n. standard or system used in stating the size, quantity or degree of sth. 計量制unit used in such a standard or system計量單位action taken to achieve a purpose措施
which measure do they use? 他們用哪一種計量制？
the meter is a measure of length. 米是長度單位。
they took strong measures against dangerous drivers.
他們對危害公眾的司機采取強硬的措施。
10. that afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.
那天下午表姐妹倆才登上火車落了座。
settle down: sit or lie in a comfortable position; adopt a more stable or quiet way of life; get used to a new way of life, job, etc. 安穩坐下; 安居下來; 適應起來
his grandfather settled down in the armchair with a newspaper.
他爺爺手拿報紙坐在扶手椅里。
have you settled down in your new job yet?