分詞要點

there is a car coming.
16 this is the best film ever made. ( 不用having been made)
注意：having done/ having been done/not having done/ not having been done 不能做定語， 只能做狀語！！！！

17 i went home, only to see my house broken into. 我到家卻發現房子被人闖入過了。（結果狀語，令人意外吃驚的結果）
i left work without notice, thus making the office a mess. 我不告而別，令辦公室一團糟。（結果狀語，自然的結果）
i went into the shop only to find a shelter from the rain. …只是為了找個躲雨的地方。（目的狀語）
i succeeded, using this method. 方式狀語

18 詞的用法
 be lost in thought 陷入沉思
 be buried in  陷入；埋入
 fix one’s eyes on sth/ one’s eyes are fixed on sth. 眼睛盯著…看
 be absorbed in sth/doing 專注于
 well-behaved children 表現好的小孩
 all the people (who are) concerned 所有牽涉到的人
 the girl wearing a jacket/ the girl dressed in a jacket
 he came in, following his students.   
he came in, followed by his students.
 facing the problem, i gave up.  
faced with the problem, i gave up.
the problem facing me, i gave up.獨立主格結構
 given sth/ given that…考慮到…
provided( that) / providing that
 ,including sb    cf.  , sb included
 a missing child  cf.  a missed train
 hidden treasure  cf.  a hiding place
 freezing weather  cf.   frozen food
 weakening    cf.  weakened

because there is not enough money, he can’t go to europe.原因狀語從句
there is not enough money, so he can’t go to europe. 并列句
=there being not enough money, he can’t go to europe. 獨立主格結構
time/weather permitting, we’ll go picnicking獨立主格結構
my father being ill, i had to look after him. 獨立主格結構
my feet tied, i couldn’t move. 獨立主格結構
many students coming late, we delayed the meeting. 獨立主格結構
cf.
knowing the truth, i didn’t want to tell him. 分詞結構(邏輯主語必須一致)