狀語從句要點

1. *when 引導突然發生的動作，意為：正在那時…
we were eating when a friend came to see me. (我們正在吃飯，正在那時一個朋友來了)
2. *hardly/ scarcely/ barely …when  句式 ， 意為：一…….就….
no sooner …than
i had hardly fallen asleep when the telephone rang. 非倒裝句 (我剛一睡著,電話鈴就像了)
i had no sooner fallen asleep than the telephone rang.
hardly had i fallen asleep when the telephone rang. 倒裝句
no sooner had i fallen asleep than the telephone rang.
3. while 1) 當…的時候
while 句子/while doing sth
they knocked at the door while/ when i was taking a bath
    *2) (放在句中)而, 但是(強調前后兩者的反差)
jane is fashionable while her sister’s clothes are often out-of-date.
 *3) (放在句首)雖然
while i admit the problem is difficult, i don’t agree they can’t be solved.
4. *before
it won’t be long before everyone knows it./ it wasn’t long before everyone knew it.不久…
it was a week before he returned. 過了一周才…

**long before 區別before long
it wasn’t long before she quit smoking. 不久她就戒煙了
i expect the bus will be here before long. (before long = soon)

three years had passed before we knew it. 不知不覺三年過去了
   do it before you forget. 趁著沒忘先做.
 the thief ran away before i had time to shout for help. 在我還沒來得及求救之前,小偷跑了
5. since 自從,
it is two weeks since i came.
it was two weeks since i had come.
6. *until
until 用于肯定句, 前面的動詞要用持續動詞; until 用于否定句, 前面的動詞使瞬間動詞
he didn’t leave until i returned.否定句用瞬間動詞
keep waiting until he comes back.肯定句用持續動詞
i didn’t go to bed until i finished homework. not until 的原始句型
  not until i finished homework did i go to bed. not until 的倒裝句型
it was not until i finished my homework that i went to bed. not until 的強調句型
7. **every time/ each time/next time/the minute/ the second/  the first time/ the moment 直接引導時間狀語從句， 不加that或when
she is nervous every time she sees me.
the first time i saw her, i didn’t take it seriously.
the first time = when …for the first time
   when i saw her for the first time, i was nervous.
cf.   for the first time
last week, i went to the states for the first time.
8. unless = if not 如果不
9. as long as/ so long as/ on condition that 只要
10. even though/ even if 即使
11. **where 引導地點狀語
where there is water , there is life.
plants grow well where there is plenty of water.\
don’t put the medicine where children can get it.