2023屆高考英語定語從句（通用3篇）
2023屆高考英語定語從句 篇1
語法復習四：定語從句
（一）定語從句一般由關系代詞和關系副詞引導
1、關系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、關系副詞：when, where, why
關系代詞和關系副詞必須位于從句之首，主句先行詞之后，起著連接先行詞和從句的作用， 同時在從句中又充當句子成分。
e.g. she is the girl who sings best of all.（關系代詞who在從句中作主語）
the comrade with whom i came knows french.（whom在從句中作介詞with的賓語）
3、關系代詞和關系副詞的用法：1）當先行詞為人時用who 作主語，whom作賓語；2）當先行詞為物或整個句子時用which ，可作主語或賓語；3）先行詞為人、物時用that ，可作主語或賓語；4）whose用作定語，可指人或物；5）關系副詞when（指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語，where（指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語），why（指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語）。
（二）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1、限制性定語從句：從句與主句關系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。
e.g. i was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定語從句，意思就不完整）
2、非限制性定語從句：從句對先行詞關系不密切，去掉定從句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號隔開，不能that用引導。
e.g. tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引導非限制性定語從句，整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯）
（三）使用定語從句時特別注意的幾個問題
1、that與which的區別。
1）用that而不用 which的情況：①先行詞為不定代詞all, anything, nothing, …；②先行詞有最高級修飾，有序數詞修飾；③先行詞有only, very, any等詞修飾；④先行詞既有人又有物時。
e.g. there is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 沒有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
the first place that they visited in guilin was elephant trunk hill. 在桂林他們所參觀的第一個地方是象鼻山。
this is the best film that i have ever seen. 這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。
mr smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他認識的唯一的外國人。
2）用which而不用 that的情況：①引導非限制性定語從句；②代表整個主句的意思；③介詞 + 關系代詞。
e.g. he had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他數學考試沒有及格，這使他的父親很生氣。
this is the room in which my father lived last year. 這是父親去年居住過的房子。
3）as引導定語從句時的用法
①as引導限制性定語從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結構中。
e.g. i want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一樣的襯衫。
such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. 我們車間使用的這種機器是中國制造的。
②as引導非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as i expect 等。
e.g. as i expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所預料的那樣，他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。
3）as 引導非限制性定語從句時與which的區別
①當主句和從句語義一致時，用as；反之，用which來引導非限制性定語從句。
e.g. he made a long speech, as we expected.
he made a long speech, which was unexpected.
②當非限制定語從句為否定時，常用which引導。
e.g. tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
2. 關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞單數還是用復數應由先行詞決定。
e.g. the man who lives downstairs speaks english fluently. 住在樓下的那個人英語說得很流利。
the students who are in grade three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3. 定語從句有時不直接緊靠先行詞，中間由一個定語、狀語或謂語隔開。
e.g. there is an expression in his eyes that i can’t understand.
4. 引導定語從句的關系副詞有時可以用“介詞 + which”來代替。
e.g. october 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the people’s republic of china was founded.
5. 當定語從句中謂語動詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定短語動詞時，短語動詞的各個固定部分不要拆開。
e.g. the sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介詞在關系代詞前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介詞在句尾，關系代詞可有which, that, whom, 口語中也可用who，且可省略。
e.g. the man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.
練習、定語從句
一、把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從復合句：
1. the fan is on the desk. you want it.
2. the man is in the next room. he brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. the magazine is mine. he has taken it away.
4. the students will not pass the exam . they don’t study hard.
5. the woman is our geography teacher. you saw her in the park.
6. the letter is from my sister. i received it yesterday.
7. the play was wonderful. we saw it last night.
8. the train was late. it was going to nanning.
9. the boy is my brother. he was here a minute ago.
10. the tree is quite tall. he is climbing it.
11. here is the girl. her brother works in this shop.
12. that’s the child. we were looking at his drawing just now.
13. this is the boy. his sister is a famous singer.
14. i want to talk to the boys. their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. is that the woman? her daughter is in my class.
16. he used to live in a big house. in front of it grew many banana trees.
17. they passed a factory. at the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. the soldier ran to the building. on the top of it flew a flag.
19. in the evening they arrived at a hill. at the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. she came into a big room. in the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根據句子意思，在第一個空白處填入介詞，在第二個填入關系代詞whom或which:
1. the person ________ ________ i spoke just now is the manager that i told you about.
2. the pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. wu dong, ________ ________ i went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. the two things ________ ________ marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of english.
5. her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. the stories about the long march, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、選擇填空：
1. the man ____ visited our school yesterday is from london.
a. who b. which c. whom d. when
2. the woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
3. because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
a. that b. which c. what d. as
4. do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
a. when b. where c. which d. who
5. tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
a. which b. that c. whom d. as
6. those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
a. whom b. which c. who d. when
7. where is the man ____ i met this morning?
a. when b. where c. which d. who
8. who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
a. who b. / c. that d. when
9. the man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
a. who b. whom c. to whom d. to who
10. the man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
a. with whom b. when c. to whom d. which
11. the doctor ____ is leaving for africa next month.
a. the nurse is talking to him b. whom the nurse is talking
c. the nurse is talking to d. who the nurse is talking
12. the man ____ around our school is from america.
a. which you showed b. you showed him c. you showed d. where you showed
13. he talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
a. of whom b. from whom c. about that d. who
14. in fact the swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in french.
a. where b. who c. in which d. which
15. have you read the book ____ i lent to you?
a. that b. whom c. when d. whose
16. finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
a. that b. which c. whatever d. all
17. the foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
a. most of them b. most of that c. most of whom d. most of those
18. this is the very letter ____came last night.
a. who b. which c. that d. as
19. i know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than i.
a. whoever b. whomever c. anyone d. the one
20. this is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
a. where b. / c. when d. what
21. this is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
a. where b. that c. which d. on which
22. nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
a. which b. in which c. that d. /
23. jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
a. that, what b. what, that c. which, what d. that, which
24. do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
a. that b. which c. its d. whose
25. in the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
a. whom b. who c. to whom d. form whom
26. is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
a. the one b. which c. that d. where
27. is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
a. the one b. where c. in which d. /
28, how many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
29. alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
a. it b. which c. that d. he
30. the train was crowded and i had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
a. when there were b. which there were c. that there were d. where there were
31. i live in the house ____ windows face south.
a. which b. whose c. where d. in that
32. ---- what game is popular with them? ---- the ____ most is tennis.
a. game they like it b. game they like c. best game they like d. best game they like it
33. they stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine i had.
a. which b. which time c. during which time d. during which
34. the room ____ mr white lives is not very large.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
35. don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the youth league.
a. when b. that c. at which d. where
36. i’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
a. that b. what c. which d. when
37. he returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
a. which b. as c. that d. it
38. ____ we is known to all, english is not very difficult to learn.
a. what b. as c. that d. which
39. the old man had three sons, all of ____ died during world war ⅱ.
a. whose b. that c. whom d. who
40. i have bought two pens, ____ write well.
a. none of which b. neither of which c. both of which d. all of which
41. do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
a. why b. which c. for that d. of which
42. he failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
a. which b. what c. it d. that
43. during the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
a. following b. followed c. to follow d. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
a. it b. which c. as d. that
45. he studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
a. that was what b. what was that c. and which was d. which was what
46. we should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
a. when b. as c. whose d. what
47. you must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
a. when b. as c. whose d. what
48. he is absent ____ is often the case.
a. what b. which c. who d. as
49. it is the first time ____ i have come to your city.
a. that b. which c. what d. when
50. who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
a. who b. that c. whom d. which
51. i shall never forget those years ____ i lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
a. that, which b. when, which c. which, that d. when, who
52. this is the only book ____ i can find.
a. that b. which c. it d. with which
53. i don’t like ____ you speak to her.
a. the way b. the way in that c. the way which d. the way of which
54. that is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
55. this is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
56. there was ____ to prevent the accident.
a. something could do b. anything we could do
c. nothing we couldn’t do d. nothing we could do
參考答案
語法復習四：定語從句
一、1. the fan that you want is on the desk. 2. the man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. the magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. the students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. the woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. the letter i received yesterday is from my sister. 7. the play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. the train which was going to nanning was late. 9. the boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. the tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. that’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. this is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. i want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. he used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. they passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. the soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. in the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. she came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 abacd 6~10 cdcca 11~15 ccada 16~20 accab 21~25 abbdc
26~30 adabd 31~35 bbdca 36~40 cabcc 41~45 aadcd 46~50 bbdab
2023屆高考英語定語從句 篇2
定語從句用法歸結
一、 何謂定語？
所謂定語，就是對名詞或代詞起修飾、說明、限制作用的成分。英語中主要有單詞、短語、句子作定語。
eg:1、she is a beautiful girl.(單詞)
2、there are only 200computers connected to the internet.(短語)
3、there is a man lying outside the door. (短語)
4、she is a girl whom i love.(句子)
注意：單個詞作定語放在所修飾詞的前面，短語或者句子作定語放在所修飾詞的后面。
二、 何謂定語從句?
像4中用一個句子作主句某一名詞或代詞的定語時，我們稱該句子為定語從句。即定語從句在主句中作定語，該從句修飾主句中的一個名詞或代詞。
其中被修飾的詞（名詞、詞組、代詞）稱作先行詞，定語從句一般出現在主句中先行詞的后面。定語從句通常由一個引導詞引導，引導詞常放在先行詞和定語從句之間。
eg:he is the man who wants to see you .
該句中he is the man是主句，who wants to see you為定語從句，the man為先行詞。who為引導詞，定語從句修飾主句中的先行詞the man。
三、引導詞的分類
引導詞引導定語從句，主要分為:關系代詞who,whom,whose,that ,which等和關系副詞when,where,why.等。
四、 定語從句的分類
定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。
限制性定語從句所修飾的詞代表一個或一類特定的人或事物，該種從句是不能去掉的，否則剩下的部分就沒有了意義，不能說清楚問題。
eg:he is the man who wants to see you .
該從句為限制性定語從句，把定語從句去掉只剩下he is the man,沒有任何意義。后面的定語從句是修飾限制前面的先行詞的，使其具有一定的意義，故不能去掉。
非限制性定語從句則不然，它只對所修飾的詞做進一步說明、解釋，使意思更加清晰明白，去掉之后其它部分（主句）仍然成立，仍然有意義。而且非限制性定語從句與主句之間有個明顯標志：即用逗號將其隔開。
eg:mr smith ,who was my first english teacher,retired last week.
該句中的非限制性定語從句，去掉之后不影響主句的意義成立，但有了它，可使主句的意義更加清晰明白。
五、 定語從句中關系代詞用法歸結：
在限制性定語從句，
（1）、指人且作主語時用who/that
eg: he is the man who wants to see you.
(2）、指人且作賓語時用whom/that/省略
eg: he is the man whom/ that isaw yesterday.
(3）、指人且位于介詞后用whom，
eg:this is tha man to whom i referred just now .
(4）、指物用that/which.
eg:this is the question which/that we have had so much discussion.about.
(5)、指物且位于介詞后用which.
eg:this is the question about which/ we have had so much discussion.
(6)、指人或物且作定語時用whose
eg:he is a boy whose name is tom.
在非限制性定語從句，
（1）、指人且作主語時用who
eg: mr smith ,who was my first english teacher,retired last week
(2）、指人且作賓語時用whom
mary,whom i love,promoted last week.
(3）、指物用which
eg:the house,which we bought last year,is very beautiful.
(4）that永遠不能引導非限制性定語從句
eg:the house,that we bought last year,is very beautiful.(x)
六、 定語從句中引導詞如何使用？
使用原則：判斷定語從句中的引導詞使用關系代詞還是關系副詞，主要看定語從句中缺少什么成分，如果定語從句中缺少主語或賓語，則使用關系代詞，如果定語從句中缺少狀語（時間、地點、原因），則使用關系副詞。
eg:1、i will never forget the days when we stayed together.
2、i will never forget the days that\which we spent together.
分析：在1中，定語從句中不缺少主語或賓語，明顯缺少時間狀語，故使用了引導詞為關系副詞when.,在2中，定語從句中缺少spent的賓語the days，而且同時又指物，故使用引導詞為關系代詞that/which.。
eg:3、can you think of a situation where this word can be used?
4、can you think of a situation which is similar to this one?
分析：在3中，定語從句中不缺少主語或賓語，明顯缺少地點狀語，故使用了引導詞為關系副詞where,在4中，定語從句中缺少主語，而且同時又指物，故使用引導詞為關系代詞that/which.。
七、 在定語從句中只使用which的情況歸結：
1、 在非限制性定語從句中且指物時，
eg:the house,which we bought last year,is very beautiful
2、 在介詞后且指物時。
eg this is the village in which i was born.
3、 先行詞本身為that時，
eg：the clock is that which tells the time.
八、 在定語從句中只使用that的情況歸結：
1、 先行詞為序數詞（含last）或數詞或最高級時或者被這些詞修飾時。
eg：the first thing that we should do is to work out a plan,
look at these flowers,you can see the two that you gave me.
2、 先行詞為all 、everything、 nothing、 much、 little、 anything、 none 、few、 the one 、only 、any、 no、 one of 等或者被這些詞修飾時，
eg:the good man was trying to teach us all that he hnew in this lesson.
3、 先行詞既有人又有物時，
eg；they talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they rememberedin school.
4、 先行詞分別被the very ,the only 等修飾時，
eg:he was the very person that i was looking for all these days.
5、 在含有疑問代詞which或who的疑問句中，
eg:who is tha man that you are talking about?
九、 as 和which引導非限制性定語從句時的區別歸納總結：
主要遵循以下原則;
1、 as引導的非限制性定語從句可放在句首、句中、句尾，而which只能放在句中、句尾。即which在引導非限制性定語從句時不能放在句首。
2、 as引導的非限制性定語從句時常用來指代主句的全部內容，而which指代主句的全部內容或部分內容。
3、 as引導的非限制性定語從句時常譯為”正如”“正像，而 which則常譯為“這”。
4、 若主句、從句的句意不一致或者從句對主句內容起反對、排斥、否定等作用時，常用which，而句意一致時，則用as.
eg as is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
tom was admitted into the college, as we had expected.
the earth, as is known to all,is round.
i gave him a new year card, which he enjoyed very much.
she was married again, which was not expected.
she was late again, as was expected..
the meeting was a success, as we expected
as is often the case ,he was late for school.
2023屆高考英語定語從句 篇3
XX年高三一輪復習金子般的學案語法部分：定語從句（新人教版）
1. 定語從句：修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。
2. 先行詞：被定語從句修飾的那個名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。
3. 關系詞：引導定語從句的關聯詞稱為關系詞。關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as等；關系副詞：where, when, why等。關系詞常有三個作用：引導定語從句；代替先行詞；在定語從句中充當一個成分。
例如：harry potter is the most interesting novel that i have read. (that i have read是定語從句；novel是先行詞；that 是關系代詞，代替先行詞novel，在從句中作have read的賓語。)
關系詞指代人或物以及在定語從句中充當的成分
關系詞 指代人或物 定語從句中充當的成分
關系
代詞 that[ ] 人或物[ ] 主語、賓語、[ ][ ]
表語或狀語
which 物或主句內容 主語、賓語或定語
who 人 主語或賓語
whom 人 賓語
whose 人或物 定語
as 人或物或主句內容 主語或賓語
關系
副詞 when 時間 狀語
where 地點 狀語
why 原因 狀語
4. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號和主句隔開，是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確，翻譯成先行詞的定語，“……的……”。非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，通常翻譯成主句的并列句。關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
his brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college.
他那個現在是律師的哥哥總是鼓勵他上大學。(他還有其他的哥哥)
his brother, who is now a lawyer, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥，現在是律師，總是鼓勵他上大學。(他只有一個哥哥)
一、關系代詞的使用
【例句觀察】
①she is the woman (whom / that / who)i wanted to see yesterday.
她是我昨天想看的那個女的。
②the package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.
你扛著的包裹馬上要拆開。
③obama won the nobel prize for peace in the year , which we hadn't expected.
obama在XX年得諾貝爾和平獎是大家都沒想到的。
④your parents are the ones to whom you can turn when you are in trouble.
你父母是你困難時可以求助的人。
【例句分析】
①whom / that / who指人，在限制性定語從句中作wanted to see的賓語，可以省略。
②which / that指物，在限制性定語從句中作are carrying的賓語，可以省略。
③which指前面主句內容，在非限制性定語從句中作賓語，但不能省略。
④whom前有介詞to，雖然作賓語，但不能省略。
【結論1】關系代詞若在限制性定語從句中作賓語并且前面無介詞時，關系代詞可省略，其他情況不可省。
【完成例句】
(1)我，你的好朋友，當你陷入困境的時候會幫你的。
i, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.
(2) 《哈利•波特》是最受青少年歡迎的暢銷書之一。
harry potter is one of the best－sellers that are popular with teenagers.
《哈利•波特》是唯一一本讓作者成為億萬富翁的暢銷書。harry potter is the only one of the best－sellers that makes the author a billionaire.
(3)他通過了考試，這使我們很驚訝。
he has passed the exam, which makes us surprised.
眾所周知，中國發生了巨大的變化。
great changes have taken place in china, as is known to all.
(4)每家有臺電視,30年前我們認為是不可能的，現在實現了。
to own a tv set in each family, which we think was impossible 30 years ago, now has become true.
【結論2】定語從句中的主謂一致問題
(1)關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
(2) one of ＋ 復數名詞＋ 關系代詞＋ 復數動詞；而the only one of ＋ 復數名詞＋ 關系代詞＋ 單數動詞。
(3)非限制性定語從句中，由關系代詞as或which代替整個主句時，從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。
(4)關系代詞和謂語動詞之間有插入語時，謂語動詞單復數要看關系代詞的指代。
【完成例句】
(5)所有能做的都做了。
all that can be done has been done.
(6)這就是我想要買的電影。
this is the very dictionary that i want to buy.
(7)他們在倫敦參觀的第一個地方是大本鐘。
the first place that they visited in london was the big ben.
(8)站在那兒的是誰？
who is the man that is standing there?
(9) they have set up a company, which deals with the things that are related to environment protection.
他們創立了一家環保公司。
(10)杭州不再是過去的杭州了。
hangzhou is no more the city that it used to be.
【結論3】指物時，定語從句中的關系代詞只能用that的情況：
①當先行詞為everything, anything, nothing, the one, none, all, much, few, any, little等不定代詞時，只用that。
②當先行詞被the only, the very, all, much, few, any, little, no修飾時，只用that。
③當先行詞被序數詞、形容詞最高級或者先行詞被序數詞、形容詞最高級修飾時，只用that。先行詞既有人又有物時，只用that。
④當主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時，為避免重復要用that。
⑤有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關系代詞已用which，另一個宜用that。
⑥當先行詞在主句中作表語，而關系代詞也在從句中作表語時，只用that。
【完成例句】
(11)那棵四百年的老樹很有名。
the tree, which is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
(12)我們自給自足。
we depend on the land from which we get our food.
(13)這本書是關于我們要去參觀的那座有名的建筑嗎？
is this the book that refers to the famous building which we will go to visit?
【結論4】只能用 which的情況：
①引導非限制性定語從句時，只能用which。
②介詞后只用which，且不能省略。
③有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關系代詞已用that，另一個宜用which。
【完成例句】
(14)有人愿意幫助受傷的人嗎？
is there anyone who is ready to help the injured person?
(15)這就是那位幫助在事故中受傷的人的醫生嗎？
is this the doctor that helped the people who were injured in the accident?
【結論5】指人時，定語從句中的關系代詞只能用who的情況：
①當先行詞是anyone, those時，只用who。
②有兩個定語從句皆指人時，其中一個關系代詞已用that，另一個宜用who。
【完成例句】
(16)那個門破了的教室在二樓。
the classroom whose door / the door of which / of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 【結論6】whose可以指代人或物，在定語從句中作定語， 后跟名詞。指物時，whose ＋ 名詞＝ of which ＋名詞 ＝ 名詞＋ of which。
【完成例句】
(17)我們都知道，吸煙有害健康。
① as we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
太陽照射地球，這對我們是很重要的。
②the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
(18)①她和她妹妹穿一樣的衣服。
she wore the same dress as her young sister wore.
②這不是我們想到的那所房子。
this house is not such as i expect.
(19)就像我們指出的那樣，這種物質是有毒的。
as was pointed out, this kind of substance is poisonous.
【結論7】關系代詞as和which
在非限制性定語從句中，as和which可代替整個主句，相當于and this或and that。二者的區別主要在于：
①as引導的非限制性定語從句既可以在主句前，也可以在主句后，有時還可以在插入句中，常帶有“正如……，正像……”的意思。而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后，翻譯成“這”。
②as常用于以下固定搭配中：the same＋名詞＋as “和……同樣的”，such＋名詞＋as“像……一樣的，像……之類的”，…such as…“這樣的人 / 物”。(such為代詞，作先行詞； as在從句中作賓語)
③在以下結構中，一般也用as:
as (it)appears, as (it)seems, as (it)often happens, as (it)was pointed out / said / reported / announced, as (it)was said earlier, as i remember (it), as is well－known, as is known to all, as anybody can see等。
【完成例句】
(20)這就是我一直在找的書。
this is the book which / that / 不填i am looking for.
(21)他深愛對他慈愛的父母。
he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
＝he loved his parents deeply, of whom both are very kind to him.
(22)我沒有足夠的錢去買那條昂貴的裙子。
i don't have enough money with which to buy such an expensive dress.
(23)從1998年到XX年mike在這所大學學習，在此期間，他學習很努力并當選為學生會主席。
mike studied at the university from 1998 to , during which time he studied very hard and was made chairman of the students' union.
【結論8】“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句，關系代詞指人時用whom，指物時用which。
①某些帶有介詞的動詞短語，介詞可以提至關系代詞之前，但是在一些固定搭配的短語動詞中，由于動詞和介詞不可以分割，因此不能將介詞置于關系代詞之前，如take care of, look for, look after, care for等。
②“介詞＋關系代詞”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代詞或者數詞，有時數詞或代詞也可以放在“介詞＋關系代詞”之后。
③介詞＋which / whom＋to do結構。這種結構可以改為：介詞＋which / whom＋定語從句。
④在非限制性定語從句中，which可作定語，指先行詞(短語或句子)所表示的信息，形成“介詞＋which ＋名詞”結構，相當于and in / at / during this / that＋名詞。
二、關系副詞的使用
【完成例句】
(24)我仍然記得我們第一次上學的那天。
i still remember the day when / on which we first came to the school.
(25)十年前我住的房子已經被推倒了。
the house where / in which i lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
(26)我不知道他今天看起來不高興的原因。
i don't know the reason why / for which he looks unhappy today.
【結論1】關系副詞的分類和作用
①when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語；when＝表示時間的介詞(in / at / on / during…)＋which。
②where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語，where＝表示地點的介詞(in / at / on / under…)＋which。
③why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語， why＝表示原因的介詞(for)＋which。
【翻譯句子】
(27)他回答這個問題的方式是令人驚訝的。
the way in which / that / 不填he answered the question was surprising.
(28) the way which / that he explained to us was quite simple.
【結論2】在以the way為先行詞的定語從句中，若the way 在從句中充當狀語，則通常由in which或that引導，而且通常可以省略。若the way 在從句中充當賓語，則通常由which或that引導。
【完成例句】
(29)中國是風箏的起源地，并從那里傳播到日本、韓國、泰國和印度。
china is the birth place of kites, from where kites spread to japan, korea, thailand and india.
【結論3】有時為了表達更清楚，可以在關系副詞where / when前加上介詞to, from等。
【疑難】
there is one point that we must insist on.
有一個觀點我們必須堅持。(定語從句可還原為：we must insist on the point，所以先行詞point在定語從句中作賓語，故用that / which或省略。)
we're just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.
我們正努力做到能讓雙方坐下來對話。 (定語從句可還原為：at the point both sides will sit down together and talk, 故先行詞point在定語從句中作狀語，所以關系詞用where / at which。)
【疑難剖析】一些特殊的先行詞如situation, point, case, activity，scene及period, festival, occasion等要注意具體情況具體分析，作主語、賓語和表語用that / which，作狀語用where / when / 介詞＋which。
三、關系代 / 副詞的選擇技巧
【完成例句】
(30)我會記住我們一起度過的日子。
i will remember the days that / which / 省略 we spent together.
(根據把定語從句還原成we spent the days together，判斷出the days作spent的賓語)
(31) 6月7日是我們開始高考的日子。
june 7 is the day when / on which we begin to take the college entrance examination.
(根據把定語從句還原成we begin to take the college entrance examination on the day，判斷出on the day作狀語。)
(32 )這是他工作過XX年的地方。
this is the place where / in which he worked for ten years.
(根據把定語從句還原成he worked in the place for ten years，判斷出in the place作狀語。)
【結論】
①用還原法：將先行詞放入定語從句中，找到它的原有位置，判斷它做什么成分以及判斷先行詞指人還是指物。
②一般說來，作主語、賓語或表語時，用關系代詞；作狀語時，用關系副詞或介詞＋which；作定語時，用whose。
四、定語從句和其他句型之間的關系
【例句觀察】
he is such a good boy that everyone likes him. (不缺句子成分，that引導結果狀語從句)
他是如此好的一位男孩以至于大家都喜歡他。
he is such a good boy as everyone likes. (likes缺賓語，用as充當并引導定語從句)
他是一個大家都喜歡的男孩。
the great white shark is so fierce a fish as eats most of the others. (as充當eats的主語，并引導定語從句)
大白鯊是大多數魚都吃的一種兇狠的魚。
【結論】區別such / so…as…引導的定語從句和such / so…that…引導的結果狀語從句判斷用that還是as, 只要看從句的結構是否完整即可。如果從句缺了主語或賓語就是定語從句；如果從句的結構完整，就是結果狀語從句。
【疑難1】區別非限制性定語從句與并列句
— he wrote a lot of novels, none of ______ were popular.
— it's the same with his wife. she wrote some plays, but none of ______ was a success.
a. these; them b. which; which
c. those; which d. which; them
【疑難剖析1】此題應選 d。很容易誤選a、b。選對該題的關鍵是：要注意前面一句的 none of…沒有并列連詞(說明它才是非限制性定語從句，所以其后填which)，而后面一句的none of…前有一并列連詞but (說明它與前面一句構成并列句，所以其后填them)。
【疑難2】區別定語從句與名詞性從句
①as is known to all, the moon travels around the earth.
②it is known to all that the moon travels around the earth.
③that the moon travels around the earth is known to all.
④what is known to all is that the moon travels around the earth.
【疑難剖析2】
①as引導非限制性定語從句；
②it作形式主語，that引導主語從句；
③that引導主語從句；
④what引導主語從句， that引導表語從句。
【疑難3】區別定語從句與地點狀語從句
①when you read the book, you'd better make a mark in the place where you have any questions.
②when you read the book, you'd better make a mark where you have any questions.
③please put the book in the place where you got it.
④please put the book where you got it.
【疑難剖析3】①定語從句修飾place; ②地點狀語從句；③定語從句修飾place；④地點狀語從句。
【疑難4】區別定語從句與強調句、狀語從句
①it was this small village (that / which) we got to know each other.
②it was in this small village that we got to know each other.
③it was 1914 when the war broke out.
④it was in 1914 that the war broke out.
⑤it was 1914, when the war broke out.
【疑難剖析4】①定語從句；②強調句；③時間狀語從句；④強調句；⑤非限制性定語從句。
【疑難5】定語從句中含有插入語
①he made another wonderful discovery, which i think is of great importance to science.
②the chinese government has decided to develop the west of china, which, i dare say, will benefit the people there, especially those who are still leading a poor life.
【疑難剖析5】①i think作插入語；②i dare say作插入語。