定語從句（通用16篇）
定語從句 篇1
�、�.選擇題
1.i've read all the books you gave me.
a.which b.them c.what d.that
2.there isn't much i can do.
a.what b.which c.that d.how
3.he keeps a record of everything he had seen there.
a.he b.that c.which d.what
4.tell us about the people and the places are different from ours.
a.that b.who c.which d.whom
5.mr john said that suzhou was the first city he had visited in china.a.that b.where c.which d.what
6.the tv play i watched last night is the best one i have watched thisyear.
a.which b.what c.whose d.that
7.last sunday they reached qingdao, a conference was to be held.
a.which b.that c.when d.where
8.①is this the museum you visited the other day?
②is this museum you visited the other day?
a.that b.where c.in which d.the one
9.i began to work in beijing in the year new china was founded.
a.when b.that c.which d.where
10.this is the very film i've long wished to see.
a.which b.that c.who d.whom
11.there is no difficulty can't be overcome in the world.
a.that b.which c.who d.what
12.who is the person is standing at the gate of beijing tourism tower?
a.who b.that c.which d.whom
13.this was the supermarket i bought this kind of tin.
a.where b.that c.who d.which
14.the house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.
a.that b.where c.what d.when
15.this is the last time i shall come here to help you.
a.that b.which c.when d.what
16.the house we live is not big.
a.in that b.which c.in which d.that
17.my neighburs used to give me a hand in time of trouble, was very kind of them. a.who b.that c.which d.whom
18.all glitters is not gold. a.that b.which c./ d.what
19.i now know why mao impresses everyone who meets him the way he does. a.which b.what c./ d.now
20.beijing, is the capital of china,is a beautiful city.
a.that b.it c.which d./
21.she was no longer the woman she was.
a.that b.which c.what d.who
22.that's the hotel last year.
a.which we stayed b.at that we stayed
c.where we stayed at d.where we stayed
23.the doctor did all to save the wounded boy.
a.what he could b.he could
c.everything which he could d.for which he could do
24.anyone this opinion may speak out.
a.that againsts b.that against c.who is against d.who are against
25.the place you are standing used to be an old church.
a.which b.where c.that d.when
26.you've made the same mistake you made last time.
a.as b.like c.which d.that
27.it is not such an interesting magazine i thought.
a.as b.that c.which d./
28. you know,he is a famous musician.
a.as b.which c.that d./
29.mr zhou, native language was chinese,could read and write several foreign languages. a.whose b.his c.which d.that
30.do you know the actor you saw playing hamlet is now doing king lear? a.who b.whom c.whose d.which
31.i took my friend to the summer palace, we had some photos taken.
a.where b.which c.that d./
32.do you remember the day your sister was graduated as a master of arts? a.which b.on which c.about which d./
33.the bus, was already full,was surrounded by an angry crowd.
a.which of most b.most of which c.which of the most d.most of that
34.we all remember the days we studied together at school.
a.which b.that c.when d./
35.do you know the reason he didn't come?
a.that b.which c.for d.why
36.i showed the doctor the place i felt the pain.
a.that b.which c.where d.when
37.he is the only one of the three got the new idea.
a.who have b.whom have c.who has d.whose had
38.i'm one of the students well in english in my class.
a.who does b.who do c.which does d.who did
39.this is the baby tomorrow.
a.after whom i shall look b.whom i shall look after
c.whose i shall look after d.after whom i shall look after
40.this is the fastest train is going to nanjing.
a.that b.what c.where d./
參考答案
�、�.
1.d 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.a 6.d
7.d 8.a,d 9.a 10.b 11.a 12.b
13.a 14.a 15.a 16.c 17.c 18.a
19.c 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c
25.b 26.a 27.a 28.a 29.a 30.b
31.a 32.b 33.b 34.c 35.d .36.c
37.c 38.b 39.b 40.a
定語從句 篇2
定語從句用法歸結
一、 何謂定語？
所謂定語，就是對名詞或代詞起修飾、說明、限制作用的成分。英語中主要有單詞、短語、句子作定語。
eg:1、she is a beautiful girl.(單詞)
2、there are only 200computers connected to the internet.(短語)
3、there is a man lying outside the door. (短語)
4、she is a girl whom i love.(句子)
注意：單個詞作定語放在所修飾詞的前面，短語或者句子作定語放在所修飾詞的后面。
二、 何謂定語從句?
像4中用一個句子作主句某一名詞或代詞的定語時，我們稱該句子為定語從句。即定語從句在主句中作定語，該從句修飾主句中的一個名詞或代詞。
其中被修飾的詞（名詞、詞組、代詞）稱作先行詞，定語從句一般出現在主句中先行詞的后面。定語從句通常由一個引導詞引導，引導詞常放在先行詞和定語從句之間。
eg:he is the man who wants to see you .
該句中he is the man是主句，who wants to see you為定語從句，the man為先行詞。who為引導詞，定語從句修飾主句中的先行詞the man。
三、引導詞的分類
引導詞引導定語從句，主要分為:關系代詞who,whom,whose,that ,which等和關系副詞when,where,why.等。
四、 定語從句的分類
定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。
限制性定語從句所修飾的詞代表一個或一類特定的人或事物，該種從句是不能去掉的，否則剩下的部分就沒有了意義，不能說清楚問題。
eg:he is the man who wants to see you .
該從句為限制性定語從句，把定語從句去掉只剩下he is the man,沒有任何意義。后面的定語從句是修飾限制前面的先行詞的，使其具有一定的意義，故不能去掉。
非限制性定語從句則不然，它只對所修飾的詞做進一步說明、解釋，使意思更加清晰明白，去掉之后其它部分（主句）仍然成立，仍然有意義。而且非限制性定語從句與主句之間有個明顯標志：即用逗號將其隔開。
eg:mr smith ,who was my first english teacher,retired last week.
該句中的非限制性定語從句，去掉之后不影響主句的意義成立，但有了它，可使主句的意義更加清晰明白。
五、 定語從句中關系代詞用法歸結：
在限制性定語從句，
（1）、指人且作主語時用who/that
eg: he is the man who wants to see you.
(2）、指人且作賓語時用whom/that/省略
eg: he is the man whom/ that isaw yesterday.
(3）、指人且位于介詞后用whom，
eg:this is tha man to whom i referred just now .
(4）、指物用that/which.
eg:this is the question which/that we have had so much discussion.about.
(5)、指物且位于介詞后用which.
eg:this is the question about which/ we have had so much discussion.
(6)、指人或物且作定語時用whose
eg:he is a boy whose name is tom.
在非限制性定語從句，
�。�1）、指人且作主語時用who
eg: mr smith ,who was my first english teacher,retired last week
(2）、指人且作賓語時用whom
mary,whom i love,promoted last week.
(3）、指物用which
eg:the house,which we bought last year,is very beautiful.
(4）that永遠不能引導非限制性定語從句
eg:the house,that we bought last year,is very beautiful.(x)
六、 定語從句中引導詞如何使用？
使用原則：判斷定語從句中的引導詞使用關系代詞還是關系副詞，主要看定語從句中缺少什么成分，如果定語從句中缺少主語或賓語，則使用關系代詞，如果定語從句中缺少狀語（時間、地點、原因），則使用關系副詞。
eg:1、i will never forget the days when we stayed together.
2、i will never forget the days that\which we spent together.
分析：在1中，定語從句中不缺少主語或賓語，明顯缺少時間狀語，故使用了引導詞為關系副詞when.,在2中，定語從句中缺少spent的賓語the days，而且同時又指物，故使用引導詞為關系代詞that/which.。
eg:3、can you think of a situation where this word can be used?
4、can you think of a situation which is similar to this one?
分析：在3中，定語從句中不缺少主語或賓語，明顯缺少地點狀語，故使用了引導詞為關系副詞where,在4中，定語從句中缺少主語，而且同時又指物，故使用引導詞為關系代詞that/which.。
七、 在定語從句中只使用which的情況歸結：
1、 在非限制性定語從句中且指物時，
eg:the house,which we bought last year,is very beautiful
2、 在介詞后且指物時。
eg this is the village in which i was born.
3、 先行詞本身為that時，
eg：the clock is that which tells the time.
八、 在定語從句中只使用that的情況歸結：
1、 先行詞為序數詞（含last）或數詞或最高級時或者被這些詞修飾時。
eg：the first thing that we should do is to work out a plan,
look at these flowers,you can see the two that you gave me.
2、 先行詞為all 、everything、 nothing、 much、 little、 anything、 none 、few、 the one 、only 、any、 no、 one of 等或者被這些詞修飾時，
eg:the good man was trying to teach us all that he hnew in this lesson.
3、 先行詞既有人又有物時，
eg；they talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they rememberedin school.
4、 先行詞分別被the very ,the only 等修飾時，
eg:he was the very person that i was looking for all these days.
5、 在含有疑問代詞which或who的疑問句中，
eg:who is tha man that you are talking about?
九、 as 和which引導非限制性定語從句時的區別歸納總結：
主要遵循以下原則;
1、 as引導的非限制性定語從句可放在句首、句中、句尾，而which只能放在句中、句尾。即which在引導非限制性定語從句時不能放在句首。
2、 as引導的非限制性定語從句時常用來指代主句的全部內容，而which指代主句的全部內容或部分內容。
3、 as引導的非限制性定語從句時常譯為”正如”“正像，而 which則常譯為“這”。
4、 若主句、從句的句意不一致或者從句對主句內容起反對、排斥、否定等作用時，常用which，而句意一致時，則用as.
eg as is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.
tom was admitted into the college, as we had expected.
the earth, as is known to all,is round.
i gave him a new year card, which he enjoyed very much.
she was married again, which was not expected.
she was late again, as was expected..
the meeting was a success, as we expected
as is often the case ,he was late for school.
定語從句 篇3
貴州省長順縣廣順中學
定語從句是英語學習中的重點，也是英語學習中的難點，要學好定語從句要了解以下幾點：
首先，了解什么是定語從句，定語從句是一種用句子作定語，修飾名詞或代詞的主從復合句，通常直接跟在被修飾名詞或代詞之后，被修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。定語從句一般由關系代詞或關系副詞來引導，關系代詞或關系副詞一方面連接定語從句，另一方面其本身又在定語從句中充當某個句子成份。
eg：She is a girl who just can't say no. girl 為先行詞，who just can't say no 為定語從句，關系詞who 在整個定語從句中作主語。
常見的關系代詞who(whom)指人、that 指人或物、whose，關系副詞when、where以及why、how。關系代詞在定語從句中可作主語、賓語、定語、表語，關系副詞在定語從句中作狀語。
eg： (1)He laughs best who laughs last.(who 在定語從句中作主語)（2）David is the boy whom /who you have talked to. (who/whom作定語從句的賓語)（3）This is the window whose glass is broken.(whose作定語)（4）Tell me the reason why you are late.(why 在定語從句中作狀語)
到底用關系代詞還是關系副詞，就看定語從句中缺少什么，如果缺少主語、賓語、定語就用關系代詞，如果缺少狀語就用關系副詞。
其次，應注意定語從句中的謂語動詞一般應與先行詞保持人稱和數的一致。
eg：This is the only one of the students who is from Canada.
先行詞 單數
定語從句中的動詞時態應根據句意及上、下文而定，主句和從句可用不同的時態。
eg:Where is the comrade whom I saw yesterday.
現在時 過去時
第三，定語從句，分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，關系十分密切，如果省去主句的意思就不完整，該從句不能用逗號和主句分開。
eg:That is a man who found my handbag.
非限制性定語從句是先行詞和整個主句的附加說明，關系不是十分密切，若省去，主句的意思仍然清楚，該從句前常用逗號和主句分開。
eg：She was a good mother, who loved her children very much.
需要注意引導非限制性定語從句指事或物時只用which。
eg：The trees near the house, which I planted three years ago, are growing up well.
第四，運用定語從句中的關系代詞或關系副詞要注意以下幾點：
1.介詞＋關系詞（即關系代詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語，如果介詞放在關系代詞的前面，則關系代詞指人只能用whom，指事或物只能用which。）
who is the comrade with whom you shook hands just now?
The boy lives in the house in front of which there is a tall building.
當然，當介詞放在從句的句末時，關系代詞的用法不受以上限制。
2.關系代詞that 可指人也可指物，但在下列情況下一般用that 引導，不用which/who。
1)當先行詞為nothing, anything, everything, all, much, little, none, few，等不定代詞時常用that，但something可用which。
eg：I can give you all that I can get.
2)當先行詞被only, last 等修飾時常用that。
eg：This is the only picture that is inter esting.
3)當先行詞被數詞、形容詞最高級來修飾時常用that，不用which。
eg：That is the longest river that runs through our village.
4)主句中有兩個先行詞，且一個表示人，另一個表示物，即先行詞同時有人或物時常用that。
eg：We talked about the persons and the things that had never happened in school.
人 物
關系代詞本身在定語從句中用作表語，用that引導定語從句，但that 常省略。
eg:Our hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
6)若句中有兩個定語從句，前一個定語從句已用了關系代詞which，則第二個定語從句中的關系代詞常用that。
eg： Edison set up a factory which produced things that had never seen before.
定語從句 篇4
1. jinan is no longer the city that it used to be. __________
2. jinan is no longer what it used to be. __________
3. jinan is no longer the same city as it used to be. __________.
4. it is well known that the earth is round. __________
5. as is well known, the earth is round. __________
6. it was on oct.1st that the new china was founded. __________
7. it was oct.1st when the new china was founded. __________
8. this is such an interesting book that everybody likes to read it. __________
9. this is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. __________
10. he found the book that he had lost the day before. __________
11. he found the book where he had lost it the day before. __________
12. the mother is always telling her child to study hard, which doesn’t help at all. __________
13. the mother is always telling her child to study hard and that doesn’t help at all. __________
14. the news that he told us surprised us all. __________
15. the news that he got killed in the race surprised us all. __________[來源：高考%資源網 ks%5u]
易混從句對比練習
1. a. ①the young man found the gold watch _______he lost.
c. ②the young man found the gold watch _______he lost it.
a. that b. in which c. where d. there
2. d. ①the company and the effect _______ brought about did great good to our business in western countries.
a. ②the company and the effect _______ it brought about did great good to our business in western countries.
a. that b. what c. to which d. it
3. a. ①use your own mind. never be ready to believe anything _______ other people believe.
c. ②use your own mind. never be ready to believe anything _______ other people believe it.
a. that b. which c. because d. when
4. d. ①is this museum_______ they visited yesterday?
a. ②is this the museum_______ they visited yesterday?
b. ③is this the museum_______ they visited some ancient weapons yesterday?
a. that b. where c. one d. the one
5. a. ①next month, ______ you’ll spend in your hometown, is coming.
c. ②next month, ______ you’ll be in your hometown, is coming.
a. that b. which c. when d. where
6. c. ①yesterday our chemistry teacher asked so difficult a question ________ puzzled all of us.
a. ②yesterday our chemistry teacher asked so difficult a question ________ it puzzled all of us.
a. that b. which c. as d. what
7. b. ①this is one of the best films _______this year.
c. ②this is the one of the best films _______this year.
a. have been shown b. that have been shown c. that has been shown d. which has been shown
8. c. ①_______, paper was first made in china.
a. ②_______that paper was first made in china.
b. ③_______is that paper was first made in china.
a. it is known to us all b. what is known to us all
c. as is known to us all d. that is known to us all
9. a. ①when christopher columbus reached the place _______ is now the usa, he called the people of the new world “indians”. [來源：高考%資源網 ks%5u]
d. ②when christopher columbus reached _______is now the usa, he called the people of the new world “indians”.
a. which b. where c. there d. what
10. b. ①the town is no longer the one_______ it was 10 years ago, _______ it was quite dirty.
d. ②the town is no longer ______ it was 10 years ago； _______ it was quite dirty.
b. ③the town is no longer the same _______ it was 10 years ago, _______ it was quite dirty.
a. that; then b. as; when c. that; when d. what; then
11. c. ①this is the very way_______ he did the experiment.
c. ②this is the very way_______ he told me yesterday.
a. ③this is _______ he did the experiment.
a. how b. by which c. that d. which
12. d. ①the reason _______ he failed was that he hadn’t taken my advice.
b. ②the reason for _______ he failed was that he hadn’t taken my advice.
a. ③the only reason _______ he could give us was that he failed to catch the bus.
a. that b. which c. because d. why
13. c. ①you should put the dictionary _______ you could find it easily.
c. ②you should put the dictionary on the desk_______ you can find it easily.
a. which b. in which c. where d. there
14. c. ①it is the house_______ i met the young man.
a. ②it was in the house_______ i met the young man.
a. that b. which c. where d. there
15. c. ①it was 7:00_______ i arrived in beijing.
a. ②it was at 7:00_______ i arrived in beijing.
a. that b. which c. when d. on which
16. a. ①he said nothing_______ made me angry
b. ②he said nothing, _______ made me angry
c. ③he said nothing, _______ had been expected.
a. that b. which c. as d. it
17. a. ①the chicago bulls used to be made up of the best basketball players in the states, _______ are black americans.
b. ②the chicago bulls used to be made up of the best basketball players in the states, _______ black americans.
b. ③the chicago bulls used to be made up of the best basketball players in the states, and_______ are black americans.
a. most of whom b. most of them c. most of which d. most of it
18. c. ①—why did he say so?
—sorry, i don’t understand _______ he said.
b. ②—why did he say so?
—sorry, i don’t understand _______ he said means
a. all what b. what all c. all that d. that all
19. c. ①computers must be of great use to ________ do the scientific research.
a. ②computers must be of great use to ________ doing the scientific research.
a. those b. who c. those who d. whomever
20. b. ①you can use a larger plastic battle, _______ is cut off, as a pot to grow flowers in.
d. ②you can use a larger plastic battle, _______ cut off, as a pot to grow flowers in.
a. the top b. whose top c. whose the top d. with its top
1ac2.da 3.ac 4.dab 5.bc.6ca.7bc8cab9ad 10cdb11.cca 12.dba.13 cc14.ca.15ca 16abc.17abb.18cb 19ca20bd
定語從句 篇5
unit 7 the sea
語法•剖析
關系副詞引導的定語從句；引導詞前有介詞的定語從句
1.觀察下列句子：
the place where i went last summer is the mountain tai.我去去的地方是泰山。
i remember the days when i stayed in thailand.我還記得在泰國的那些日子。
the reason why jack is so happy is that he passed the exam.杰克之所以那么高興是因為他通過了考試。
我們已經學習了用關系代詞that,which,who/whom引導的定語從句�；貞浺幌乱巹t，我們可以判斷，以上的三個句子不可以用這幾個關系代詞引導。因為，關系代詞要在定語從句中充當主語或賓語，而這幾個句子中，定語從句部分均不缺這兩種成分，所以，應該使用關系副詞 where,when 和why。顯然，where的先行詞應該是表示地點的名詞或代詞，when的先行詞是表示時間的名詞或代詞；而why的先行詞應該是表示原因的名詞reason。
2.我們對上面的三個句子作些改變：
the place to which i went last summer is the mountain tai.
i remember the days in which i stayed in thailand.
the reason for which jack is so happy is that he passed the exam.
可以看出，上面的三個句子都需要代詞來引導，并作介詞的賓語。所以，我們要用關系代詞which 或that。但是，that是不能跟在介詞之后引導定語從句的。因此，這三個句子都用which來作引導詞。
3.介詞放在關系代詞之前的注意事項：
(1)有的介詞是定語從句中詞組的固定搭配拆開的結果，即用什么介詞由從句中的動詞決定。如：
he is the boy who/whom i was talking to.他是我剛才與之交談的男孩。
→he is the boy to whom i was talking.
(2)有的介詞是根據句意添加上去的，即用什么介詞由先行詞決定。如：
this is the subject on which he made great progress.這就是他取得巨大進步的科目。
he employed 30 men,of whom 12 were from his hometown.他雇了30個人，其中有12個是他的老鄉。
(3)定語從句中的詞組若是十分密切的固定搭配，一般不可拆開。如：
is this the pen that/which you are looking for?這是你在找的那枝筆嗎?
the baby who/whom my sister takes care of is so lovely.我姐姐照顧的那個嬰兒是如此的可愛。(4)表時間的“介詞+which”=when；表地點的“介詞+which”=where；表原因的“for+which”=why。
復習英語中的比較結構
1.比較結構通常有下列表現形式：
(1)表述兩者或兩者以上在某方面相似：as...as...
(2)表述兩者或兩者以上在某方面程度不同：not as...as...；more...than...
(3)表述某人或某物在某方面的獨特或獨一無二：the most+adj.如：
mike is as tall as our p.e.teacher.麥克和體育老師一樣高。
i am not as tall as mike,that is,he is taller than i.
我不如麥克高，也就是說，他比我高。
mike is the tallest boy in our class,that is,no one is taller than him.
麥克是我們班上最高的男生，就是說，沒人比他更高。
2.幾種特殊的比較結構：
(1)表述某人或某物在某方面無與倫比：
won’t find a more...=be the most... 如：
mick is the tallest boy in our class,that is,you wont find a taller boy here!
麥克是我們班上最高的男生，就是說，在這里，你不會見到比他更高的男生了。
(2)表述“越……就越……”：the more...,the more... 如：
the more he eats,the fatter he becomes;the fatter he becomes,the less confident he will be.
吃得越多，他就越胖；變得越胖，他就越沒有自信。
(3)表述某人或某物在某方面的程度成倍數關系：
①倍數+as...as：是……的幾倍
②倍數+more...than：比……程度強/多幾倍
�、郾稊�+the+抽象名詞（表示“量度、程度”等意義的詞)：是……的幾倍 如：
“長江的長度是這條河的三倍”有三種表達方式：
the changjiang river is three times as long as this river.
the changjiang river is twice longer than this river.
the changjiang river is three times the length of this river.
定語從句 篇6
考點9定語從句
1.主要考查的知識點：
(1)關系詞的選用
(2)關系詞前加介詞等的用法
(3)定語從句的時態
(4)非限制性定語從句的用法
2.復習重點：
(1)關系代詞和關系副詞的用法區別。
(2)掌握只能用that引導定語從句的情形。
(3)掌握介詞加關系代詞的用法。
(4)掌握as和which引導非限制性定語從句的用法。
3.應對方法：
解題時，首先要確定先行詞，根據先行詞在從句中所作的句子成分來判斷該用關系代詞還是副詞，并且確定具體用哪個關系詞。如果從句中謂語動詞為不及物動詞，應考慮關系代詞前該不該加介詞。
定義
1.定義：修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。
2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞稱為先行詞。
3.關系詞：引導定語從句的關聯詞稱為關系詞。關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞：who,whom,whose,which,that,as等；關系副詞：where,when,why等。關系詞常有三個作用：引導定語從句；代替先行詞；在定語從句中充當一個成分。如：
harrypotteristhemostinterestingnovelthatihaveread.
分析：thatihaveread是定語從句；novel是先行詞；that是關系代詞，代替先行詞novel，在從句中作haveread的賓語。
關系詞 指代人或物 定語從句中充當的成分
關系代詞 that 人或物 主語、賓語、表語
which 物或主句內容 主語、賓語或定語
who 人 主語或賓語
whom 人 賓語
whose 人或物 定語
as 人或物或主句內容 主語或賓語
關系副詞 when 時間 狀語
where 地點 狀語
why 原因 狀語
4.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號和主句隔開，是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確，翻譯成先行詞的定語，“……的……”。
非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開，通常翻譯成主句的并列句。關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
hisbrotherwhoisnowalawyeralwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他那個現在是律師的哥哥總是鼓勵他上大學。(他還有其他的哥哥)
hisbrother,whoisnowalawyer,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.
他的哥哥，現在是律師，總是鼓勵他上大學。(他只有一個哥哥)
(1)sheisthewoman(whom/that/who)iwantedtoseeyesterday.
(2)i,whoamyourclosefriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouwheneveryouareintrouble.
(3)harrypotterisoneofthebestsellersthatarepopularwithteenagers.
harrypotteristheonlyoneofthebestsellers
thatmakestheauthorabillionaire.
1.關系代詞的使用
(4)greatchangeshavetakenplaceinchina,asisknowntoall.
(5)toownatvsetineachfamily,whichwethinkwasimpossible20yearsago,nowhasbecometrue.
(6)allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
(7)thisistheverydictionarythatiwanttobuy.
(8)thefirstplacethattheyvisitedinlondonwasthebigben.
1.關系代詞的使用
(9)canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?
(10)whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
(11)theyhavesetupacompany,whichdealswiththethingsthatarerelatedtoenvironmentprotection.
(12)hangzhouisnomorethecitythatitusedtobe.
(13)thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.
1.關系代詞的使用
(14)wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.
(15)isthereanyonewhoisreadytohelptheinjuredperson?
(16)theclassroomwhosedoor/thedoorofwhich/ofwhichthedoorisbrokenisonthesecondfloor.
(17)asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.
(18)thishouseisnotsuchasiexpect.(such為代詞，作先行詞；as在從句中作賓語)
1.關系代詞的使用
(19)aswaspointedout,thiskindofsubstanceispoisonous.
(20)thisisthebook(which/that)iamlookingfor.
(21)helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.＝helovedhisparentsdeeply,ofwhombothareverykindtohim.
1.關系代詞的使用
(22)idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichtobuysuchanexpensivedress.＝idon'thaveenoughmoneywithwhichicanbuysuchanexpensivedress.
(23)mikewasastudentattheuniversityfrom1998to,duringwhichtimehestudiedveryhardandwasmadechairmanofthestudents'union.
1.關系代詞的使用
規則1：關系代詞若在限制性定語從句中作賓語并且前面無介詞時，關系代詞可省略，其他情況不可省，如：(1)。
規則2：定語從句中的主謂一致問題
(1)關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致，如：(2)。
(2)oneof＋復數名詞＋關系代詞＋復數動詞；而theonlyoneof＋復數名詞＋關系代詞＋單數動詞，如：(3)。
(3)非限制性定語從句中，由關系代詞as或which代替整個主句時，從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數，如：(4)。
(4)關系代詞和謂語動詞之間有插入語時，謂語動詞單復數要看關系代詞的指代，如：(5)。
規則3：指物時，定語從句中的關系代詞只能用that的情況：
(1)當先行詞為everything,anything,nothing,theone,none,all,much,few,any,little等不定代詞時，如：(6)。
(2)當先行詞被theonly,thevery,all,much,few,any,little,no修飾時，如：(7)。
(3)當先行詞是序數詞、形容詞最高級或者先行詞被序數詞、形容詞最高級修飾時，如：(8)。
(4)先行詞既有人又有物時，如：(9)。
(5)當主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時，為避免重復要用that，如：(10)。
(6)有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關系代詞已用which，另一個則用that，如：(11)。
(7)當先行詞在主句中作表語，而關系代詞也在從句中作表語時，只用that，如：(12)。
規則4：指物時，定語從句中的關系代詞只能用which的情況：
(1)在引導非限制性定語從句時，如：(13)。
(2)介詞后，如：(14)。
(3)有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關系代詞已用that，另一個宜用which。
規則5：指人時，定語從句中的關系代詞只能用who的情況：
(1)當先行詞是anyone,those時，如：(15)。
(2)有兩個定語從句時，其中一個關系代詞已用that，另一個宜用who。
規則6：whose可以指代人或物，在定語從句中作定語，后跟名詞。指物時，whose＋名詞＝名詞＋ofwhich＝ofwhich＋名詞，如：(16)。
規則7：關系代詞as和which
在非限制性定語從句中，as和which可代替整個主句，相當于andthis或andthat。二者的區別主要在于：
(1)as引導的非限制性定語從句既可以在主句前，也可以在主句后，有時還可以插入句中，常帶有“正如……，正像……”的意思。而which引導的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后，翻譯成“這”，如：(17)。
(2)主句中出現thesame,as,such,so修飾先行詞，需選擇as做關系代詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語，如：(18)。
【注意】當先行詞由thesame修飾時，有時也用that引導定語從句，但是和由as所引導的意思不同：that表示同一個，as表示同一類。
(3)在以下結構中，一般也用as:as(it)appears,as(it)seemslikely,as(it)oftenhappens,as(it)waspointedout/said/reported/announced,as(it)wassaidearlier,asiremember(it),asiswellknown,asisknowntoall,asanybodycansee等，如：(19)。
規則8：“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句
“介詞＋關系代詞”引導的定語從句，關系代詞指人時用whom，指物時用which。
(1)某些帶有介詞的動詞短語，介詞可以提至關系代詞之前，但是在一些固定搭配的短語動詞中，由于動詞和介詞不可以分割，因此不能將介詞置于關系代詞之前，如takecareof,lookfor,lookafter,carefor等，如：(20)。
(2)“介詞＋關系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數詞，有時數詞或代詞也可以放在“介詞＋關系代詞”之后，如：(21)。
(3)介詞＋which/whom＋todo結構。這種結構可以改為：介詞＋which/whom＋定語從句，如：(22)。
(4)在非限制性定語從句中，which可作定語，指先行詞(短語或句子)所表示的信息，形成“介詞＋which＋名詞”結構，相當于andin/at/duringthis/that＋名詞，如：(23)。
2.關系副詞的使用
(1)istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichifirstcametotheschool.
(2)thehousewhere/inwhichilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
(3)idon'tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhelooksunhappytoday.
(4)theway(inwhich/that)heansweredthequestionwassurprising.
(5)chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwherekitesspreadtojapan,korea,thailandandindia.
規則1：when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語；when＝表示時間的介詞(in/at/on/during…)＋which，如：(1)。
規則2：where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語，where＝表示地點的介詞(in/at/on/under…)＋which，如：(2)。
規則3：why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，why＝表示原因的介詞(for)＋which，如：(3)。
規則4：以theway為先行詞的定語從句通常由inwhich或that引導，而且通�？梢允÷�，如：(4)。
【注意】
theway(which/that)heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.(which/that在從句中充當賓語成分)
規則5：有時為了表達更清楚，可以在關系副詞where/when前加上介詞to,from等，如：(5)。
【注意】
一些特殊的先行詞如situation,point,case,activity，scene及period,festival,occasion等要注意具體情況具體分析，作主語、賓語和表語時，用關系代詞that/which；作狀語時，用關系副詞where/when或“介詞＋which”。
thereisonepoint(that/which)wemustinsiston.
有一個觀點我們必須堅持。(定語從句可還原為：wemustinsistonthepoint,所以先行詞point在定語從句中作賓語，故用that/which或省略。)
we'rejusttryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
我們正努力做到能讓雙方坐下來對話。(定語從句可還原為：atapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk,故先行詞point在定語從句中作狀語，所以關系詞用where/atwhich。)
3.關系代詞/關系副詞的選擇
用適當的連接詞填空
(1)iwillrememberthedaysthatwespenttogether.
(2)june7isthedaywhenwebegintotakethecollegeentranceexamination.
(3)thisistheplacethatwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.
(4)thisistheplacewhereheworkedfortenyears.
規則1：用還原法：將先行詞放入定語從句中，找到它的原有位置，判斷它作什么成分以及判斷先行詞指人還是指物。
規則2：一般說來，作主語、賓語或表語時，用關系代詞；作狀語時，用關系副詞或介詞＋which；作定語時，用whose。
4.定語從句和其他句型之間的區別
用適當的連接詞填空
(1)heissuchagoodboythateveryonelikeshim.
(2)heissuchagoodboyaseveryonelikes.
(3)hesaidnothingthatmademeangry.
(4)hesaidnothing,whichmademeangry.
(5)hesaidnothing,andthatmademeangry.
(6)asisknowntoall,themoontravelsaroundtheearth.
4.定語從句和其他句型之間的區別
(7)newscamethatourclasshadwonthegame.
(8)whatisknowntoallisthatthemoontravelsaroundtheearth.
(9)idon'tknowthereasonhowhehasworkedouttheproblem.
(10)whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamarkintheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.
4.定語從句和其他句型之間的區別
(11)whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.
(12)itwasasmallvillage(that/which)weknowfrommyfather.
(13)itwasinthissmallvillagethatwegottoknoweachother.
規則1：區別such…as…/so…as…引導的定語從句和such/so…that…引導的結果狀語從句
如果從句缺少主語或賓語就是定語從句，連接詞用as，如：(2)；如果從句的結構完整，就是結果狀語從句，連接詞用that，如：(1)。
規則2：區別非限制性定語從句與并列句
定語從句與主句之間用關系詞連接，如：(4)；并列句之間用并列連詞，如：(5)。
規則3：定語從句與名詞性從句
定語從句中，關系代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語，如：(6)；而名詞性從句中的連詞that在從句中不作任何成分，如：(7)；疑問代詞what及疑問副詞how可連接名詞性從句，但不能引導定語從句，如：(8)、(9)。
規則4：定語從句與地點狀語從句
關系副詞引導定語從句時，其前面必須有時間、地點、原因等先行詞，如：(10)；而疑問副詞連接狀語從句時，其前面沒有，如：(11)。
規則5：定語從句與強調句、狀語從句
that在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語，如：(12)；而強調句型中不作任何成分，但不能省，如：(13)；在結果狀語從句中that也只起連接作用，在從句中不充當任何成分。
定語從句 篇7
定語從句
�。ㄒ唬� 知識概要
定語從句并不屬于中考范圍，但由于作者在多年的教學中體會到，這一語法現象影響了許多學生自學英語。這些學生一般是成績較好的學生，想進行大量閱讀來提高自己的英語水平，但總是碰到一些問題，百思不得其解�？嘤谧约旱乃街幌抻诔踔兴�，無法提高，但各種補習班又都是為一些水平較差的學生開設的，所以又投師無門。為了解決這部分學生的學習困難，也為那些有志青年鋪平學習上的道路，特用這一節講述定語從句，不是從語法上講述，而是從閱讀理解方面去講述�？晒┩瑢W們在學習時參考。這會對你的英語學習起到事半功倍的作用。對于形容詞我們已十分熟悉了，如： a good book， 形容詞 good 用來修飾書 book。 我們也可以用一個句子來修飾名詞，這種句子叫做形容詞性從句，它起修飾名詞的作用，又被叫做定語從句(the attributive clause)。但有一點不同的是這個從句不是像形容詞那樣放于名詞前，而是放在名詞之后。它所修飾的名詞又被叫作先行詞，如： do you know the scientist who gave us the talk this afternoon? 這句中的主句是 do you know the scientist? (你知道那位科學家嗎?)而 who gave us the talk this afternoon (他今天下午給我們作的報告。)是定語從句。所以這兩句話合為一體即是：你認識今天下午給我們作報告的那位科學家嗎?這里 scientist 叫作先行詞，而 who 叫作定語從句的引導詞。 who 在定語從句中起主語的作用， who 的數與它的先行詞相同。又如： you must do everything that i do 這里先行詞是 everything， 而 that i do 是定語從句，此句應譯為：你必須作我所作的一切。 that 叫作定語從句的引導詞，在句中作 do 的賓語。引導定語從句的引導詞有關系代詞： that， which， who， whom， whose 和關系副詞 when， where， why， how。不論關系代詞還是關系副詞，都應放于先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯系作用，但它們都要在定語從句中起語法作用，充當一個成份。如關系代詞在定語從句中不是作主語便是作賓語，而關系副詞則是作狀語。我們先來看關系代詞的用法。① that 的先行詞可以是人也可以是物。如： a plane is a machine that can fly 這里先行詞是 machine 而 that 是關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。這句譯為：飛機是一種會飛的機器。又如： i like the book (that) you lent me yesterday 這里先行詞是 book， 關系代詞用 that， 它在定語從句中作 lend (借)的賓語。要注意的是關系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略，即： i like the book you lent me yesterday② which 關系代詞的先行詞只能是物。它在定語從句中作主語或賓語，如： the book shop is a shop which sells books 這里 shop 是先行詞， which 在從句中作主語。又如： the book (which) i read last night was wonderful 這里主句是 the book was wonderful 而定語從句是修飾主句的主語 book， 即我昨晚讀的那本書，which 在定語從句中作 read 的賓語，可以省略。③ who， whom， whose who 在定語從句中作主語， whom 是 who 的賓格，在定語從句中作賓語，而 whose 則是形容詞性物主代詞，在從句中作定語，如：the man who visited our school yesterday is an american friend 昨天參觀我們學校的人是一位美國朋友。 who 在定語從句中作主語。又如： who's that woman (whom) you just talked to ? 你剛才與之談話的那個女人是誰?而 whom 作定語從句中介詞 to 的賓語，可以省略，而在現代英語中，句首的 whom 也常�？捎� who代替。this is our classmate， mary， whose home is not far from our school 這是我們的同學瑪麗，她的家離我們學校不遠。為了便于理解，我們來看看是如何將兩句話并為一句話的。
1. i saw the man. he closed the door
i saw the man who (that) closed the door
2. the girl is happy she won the race
the girl who won the race is happy
3. the students are from china they sit in the front row
the students who sit in the front row are from china
(要注意的是先行詞是 students 則 who 的數也應看作復數。)
4. we are studying sentences they contain adjective dause
we are studying sentences that (which) contain adjective dause
5. the taxi driver was friendly he took me to the airport
the taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly
6. the book was good i read it
the book that i read was good
the book i read was good
7. the people were very nice we visited them yesterday
the people we visited yesterday were very nice
8. the man called the police his wallet was stolen
the man whose wallet was stolen called the police
9. i come from a country its history goes back thousands of years
i come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years
10. i have to call the man i picked up his umbrella after the meeting
i have to call the man whose umbrella i picked up after the meeting
關系代詞 whom， which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與 which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，如：
that was the room in which we had lived for ten years 或可以寫作：
that was the room which we had lived in for ten years
he was the man whom(who) you were looking for 要注意的是此句的關系代詞 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短語動詞也不可將 for 放于定語從句之前。that 作關系代詞作介詞賓語時，不能緊跟介詞，而只能將介詞置于定語從句的后面。如： the man that we were talking about has come to our school 這時不可用 about that … 請看下面例句：
1. the meeting was interesting i went to it
the meeting that i went to was interesting
2. the man was very kind i talked to him yesterday
the man who i talked to yesterday was very kind
3. i must thank the people i got a present from him
i must thank the people who i got a present from
4. the picture was beautiful she was looking at it
the picture that (which) she was looking at was beautiful
5. the man is standing over there i told you about him
the man who i told you about is standing over there
除關系代詞外，還有關系副詞， when， where， why， 其中 when用來指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。如： i never forget the day when i first came to the great wall 而 where 則指地點，如： this is the house where the old man lives 請看下面例句：
1. the city was beautiful we spent our vacation there
the city where we spent our vacation was beautiful
2. that is the restaurant i will meet you there
that is the restaurant where i will meet you
3. the town is small i grew up there
the town where i grew up is small
4. that is the drawer i keep my newpapers there
that is the drawer where i keep my newspapers
5. monday is the day we will come then
monday is the day when we will came
6. 7∶05 is the time my plane arrives then
7∶05 is the time when my plane arrives
7. 1960 is the year the revolution took place then
1960 is the year when the revolution took place
8. july is the month the weather is usually the hottest then
july is the month when the weather is usually the hottest
在定語從句中又可分為兩大類定語從句，即限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。
�、佟∠拗菩远ㄕZ從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉的話，主句的意思就不完整，意義就表述不明。這種句型一般定語從句緊接先行詞，如：i was the only person in my office who was invited
�、凇》窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句。它與主句的關系不十分密切，只是對其附加說明，也就是講即便去掉定語從句，句意也不受影響，仍然清晰明了。這樣的定語從句要在它和主句之間加一逗號分開。且關系代詞不引導這種非限制性定語從句，如： abraham lincoln， who led the united states through these years， was shot on april 14， 1865 at a theatre in washington d. c. 又如：galileo lived in the city of pisa， where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high
�。ǘ� 正誤辨析
［誤］ i won't tell you the name of the person who teach me english
�。壅� i won't tell you the name of the person who teaches me english
［析］ 在定語從句中，關系代詞作主語時，從它本身看不出其數的形式，這時要由它的先行詞決定。這里who 應由 the person 單數決定，應該用單數謂語動詞。又如：i who am a student want to find a spare time job這里的 who 應與 i 是一致的，所以其謂語動詞應該用am。
�。壅`］ we talked about the things and the people who we met during the second world war
［正］ we talked about the things and the people that we met during the second world war
�。畚觯� 這里的關系代詞不要用 who， 因為其先行詞有兩個一個是 things (物)，而另一個是people (人)，這時既不可用 who， 又不可用 which， 因前者只能用于先行詞是人的情況下，而后者則用于先行詞是物的情況下，所以只能用 that， 因為它的先行詞既可以是人又可以是物。
［誤］ the book， that i bought yesterday， was very good
�。壅� the book， which i bought yesterday， was very good
�。畚觯� 先行詞與定語從句被逗號分割開來時，即作為非限制性定語從句。在非限制性定語從句中 which， when， who， whom， where， when， whose 等都可以和限制性定語從句中的作用一樣，而獨有 that 不易用于非限制性定語從句。
［誤］ the dictionary which i lent it yesterday is a very useful tool
�。壅� the dictionary which i lent yesterday is a very useful tool
�。畚觯� 關系代詞在定語從句中是要起語法作用的，它不是作主語就是作賓語。雖然在作賓語時它的位置由原來的賓語位置移到了句首，但它的作用依然存在，而且在原賓語位置上不能再出現賓語。
�。壅`］ the teacher i want to learn english from is the one which comes from america
�。壅� the teacher i want to learn english from is the one who comes from america
［析］ the one， anyone， those 作代詞并且是指某人、物時，其關系代詞不能用 which 應用 who。
�。壅`］ this is the room in that the old man lives
［正］ this is the room in which the old man lives
�。壅� this is the room which the old man lives in
［正］ this is the room that the old man lives in
�。畚觯� that 不能緊跟在介詞后作介詞賓語，但如果介詞不前置仍放于句尾，則可用 that 作引導詞，而且可以省略。如： this is the room the old man lives in
［誤］ i can do everything which is good for you
�。壅� i can do everything that is good for you
�。畚觯� 在先行詞是 all， much， little， something， everything， anything， nothing， none， the one 等不定代詞時，雖然它們指的是物體，但不要用 which 而用 that 作定語從句的引導詞。
［誤］ the only thing which the students can do is studying hard
�。壅� the only thing that the students can do is studying hard
�。畚觯� 在先行詞前有 only， any， few， little， no， all， one of 等詞修飾時，雖然先行詞指的是物，也不要用 which 作關系代詞，而要用 that。
�。壅`］ this is the first american film which i've ever seen
�。壅� this is the first american film that i've ever seen
�。畚觯� 在先行詞是序數詞，或由序數詞修飾時，其關系代詞不可用 which 這樣的用法還有在形容詞最高級修飾的先行詞之后，如： this is the best book that i have ever seen
�。壅`］ he is from africa, that we can see from the colour of the skin
［正］ he is from africa, as we can see from the colour of the skin
�。畚觯� 當 as 或 which 引導非限制性定語從句時，它可能沒有明確的先行詞，它們所指代的是前面整個句子。如例題應譯為他是從非洲來這個事情是可以從其膚色上看出的。
定語從句 篇8
1. chan’s restaurant on baker street, _______ used to be poorlyrun, is now a successful business. (浙江)
a.that b. which c. who d. where
2. jim passed the driving test, _______ surprised everybody inthe office. (浙江)
a.which b.that c.this d.it
3. her sister has become a lawyer, _______ she wanted to be.(湖北)
a. who b.that c.what d. which
4. anyway, that evening, _______ i’ll tell you more about later,i ended up staying at rachel’s place. (浙江)
a.when b.where c.what d. which
5. york, _______ last year, is a nice old city. (北京)
a. that i visited b. which ivisited
c. where i visited d. in which i visited
6.he paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of____hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
athese bthose cthat d which
7. i shall never those years____ i lived in the country with thefarmers,____ has a great effect on mylife.
athat/which b when/ which cwhich/that d when/ who
8. the old lady had one son and two daughters,_____ treated herwell,
____ made her very sad.
a no one of whom;as b none of whom; that
c none of whom;which d noneof them; which
9. dorothy was always speaking highly her role in the play,_____of
course made the others unhappy.
awho bwhich cthis d what
10. by serving others, a person focuse on someone other thanhimself or herself,_____ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.
a who bwhich cwhat d that
11(09全國1)she brought with her three friends, none of ____ i had ever met before.
a.them b.who c. whom d.these
12(09全國2)my friend showed me round the town, ______was vey kind of him.
a. which b. that c. where d.it
13(北京)-----what do you think of teaching, bob?
-----i find it fun and challenging . it is a job ____ you are doing something
serious but interesting.
a.where b. which c.when d.that
14(09湖南)i was born in new orleans, louisiana, a city _____name will create a
picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
a.which b.of which c.that d.whose
15(09湖南)gun control is a subject _____americans have argued for a long time
a.of which b.with which c.about which d.into which
16(09重慶)life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond
ourselves.a.why b.what c.that d.where
17(09山東)whenever i met her ,______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a
sweet smile. a.who b.which c.when d.that
18(09福建)it’s helplful to put children in a situation ____they can see themselves
differently. a.that b.when c.which d.where
19(09安徽)many children, ____parents are away working in big cities, are taken
good care of in the village.
a.their b.whose c.of them d.with whom
20(09天津)a person _____e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or
receive any e-mails.
a.who b.whom c.whose d.whoever
定語從句 篇9
學科 英語 課題 專項復習賓語從句
4.28 二.知識運用：中考熱點習題（一）
1 the girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
a. took b. take c. takes d. will take
2 catherine said that she ___ to guangzhou.
a. has never gone b. had never gone c. has never been d. had never been
3 the students want to know whether they___ dictionary today.
a. had b. has c. will have d. are
4 she asked linda if___ go and get some.
a. could she b. she could c. she can d. she may
5 linda said the moon___ round the earth.
a. travelled b. has travelled c. travells d. had travelled
習題（二）
1 can you tell me___ you were born, betty?
a. who b. what c. when d. that
2 i don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
a. what b. if c. when d. where
3 i hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
a. that b. what c. which d. who
4 she didn't know___ back soon.
a. whether he would be b. if would he be c. he will be
5. i don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
a. whether b where c. what d. when
6. do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
a. what b when c why d how
三 .小結：賓語從句用法
四 .作業：完成今天的課時作業
課型 新 課時 1 教案序號 修改日期
學 習
目 標 1.專項復習賓語從句用法
2.通過復習形賓語從句的構成及用法,達到靈活運用各種知識的能力
3.通過自主合作,培養學生合作意識,團結協作精神.
重 點
難 點 重點:賓語從句用法
難點:賓語從句的時態
內 容 設 計 區 導學設計、
錯題更正區
一.語法聚焦：賓語從句在復合句中用作賓語的從句叫做賓語從句�！ ≠e語從句常由that引導，在口語中常省略。當主句中謂語動詞是現在或將來時態時，從句中謂語動詞不受主句中謂語動詞時態的影響，按需要可以使用任何時態。如：
she says (that) she works from monday to friday.
she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.
當主句謂語是過去時態，而賓語從句敘述某一客觀真理（事實）時，賓語從句的時態則用一般現在時。如：
the teacher told us(that) nothing difficult if you put your heart into it.
�。╥s was） 老師告訴我們世上無難事只怕有心人。
引出名詞性從句的連詞whether和if，在引出賓語從句時，用法和意義相同。但是只能引出賓語從句和不在句首的主語從句，而whether除了引出賓語從句外，還可引出主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。例如：
we don't know whether (if) it is right.
the question is whether she should do that. 作 成分
whether it is true remains a question. 試比較：
i don't know if it is true. 我不知道這事是否真實。 從句
i shall go there if i have time. 如果我有時間，我將到那兒去。 從句。
定語從句 篇10
時間： 09__年__10_月__13__日 星期_二__ 北大附中河南分校 王萍
學習目標：
teaching aims:
1. help ss to understand what attributive clause is and itsfunction.
2. help ss to use “who, whom, that, which, whose, when, where”in attributive clauseproperly.
學習難點：
distinguish the relative pronouns and relative adverb “who,whom, that, which, whose, when,where” .
預見性問題：
1. distinguish the relative pronouns and relative adverb
2. find the key words
教學方法：
discussing in groups , students’explaination
教學過程：
step 1 greeting and show time ( 3分鐘)
greeting everyone as uaual
show time then common it by students
step 2 review the grammar (3分鐘)
ask some students write the grammar’spoints
step 3 explaning grammar
1 doing exercises by studens(10分鐘)
2 find out the puzzle then explaned bystudents
3. write the number of puzzle on theblackboard
學生代表講解（15分鐘）
教師精講拓展（15分鐘）
1. dorothy was always speaking highly of her rolein the play, ________,of course , made the othersunhappy. （全國）
a.who b.which c.this d.what
2. the result of the experiment was very good,_____ we hadn't expected. （北京春季）
a. when b. that c. which d.what
3. it was an exciting moment for these footballfans this year, ________ for the first time in years their team wonthe world cup. （北京春季）
a. that b. while c. which d.when
4. the film brought the hours back to me_________ iwas taken good care of in that far-away village. （01全國）
a.until b.that c.when d.where
5. _________is known to everybody, the moon travelsround the earth once every month. （01全國）
a.it b.as c. that d.what
6. john said he’d been working in the office for anhour, _______ was true. （01北京春季）
a.he b.this c.which d.who
7. we will be shown around the city: schools,museums, and some other places, ______ other visitors seldom go. （02北京）
a.what b.which c.where d. when
8. the famous basketball star, triedto make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. （02北京春季）
a.where b.when c.which d. who
10. — are you still thinking about yesterday’sgame?
— oh, that’s . （03北京春季）
a what makes me feel excited bwhatever ifeel excited about
c.how i feel aboutit d.when i feel excited
11. we are living in an age manythings are done on computer. （03北京春季）
a.which b.that c.whose d.when
12. anyway, that evening, ____ i’ll tell you moreabout later, i ended up staying at rachel’splace. （04浙江）
a.when b.where c.what d. which
13. ________ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan. （04江蘇）
a.which b.when c. what d.as
14. george orwell, ______ was eric arthur, wrotemany political novels and essays. (04北京）
a the realname b what his realname
c his realname d whose real name
15. helen was much kinder to her youngest son thanto the others, ______, of course, made the others envyhim. （04天津）
a who bthat cwhat d which
16. i work in a business ________ almost everyoneis waiting for a great chance. （04湖南）
a. how b. which c.where d. that
17. there was time ihated to go to school. （04湖北）
a.a; that b.a; when c.the;that d.the; when
18. there are twobuildings, stands nearly a hundred feethigh. （04湖北）
a.the larger b.the larger of them
c.the larger one that d.the larger of which
19. the factory produces half a million pairs ofshoes every year,80% are sold abroad. （04遼寧）
a.of which b.which of c.of them d.of that
23. if a shop has chairs ________ women can parktheir men, women will spend more time in the shop. （05上海卷）
a. that b.which c.when d. where
26. i walked in our garden, _______ tom and jimwere tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （05遼寧卷）
a.which b.when c.where d.that
27. do you still remember the chicken farm ________we visited three months ago? （05北京春季）
a. where b. when c. that d. what
28 she bought with he thee fiends, none of_____ i had eve metbefore.
(09全國Ⅰ)
athem bwho cwhom d these
29 my fiend showed me round the town,_______ was very kind ofhim.
(09全國二卷)
a.which b.that c.where dit
30 gun contol is a subject ameicanshave argued for a long time.
（09陜西）
a.ofwhich b.with which c.aboutwhich dinto which
31.life is like alongrace we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.（09重慶）
a.why b.what c.that d.where
32.whenever i mether, was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.（09山東）
a.who b.which c.when d.that
33.i travel to the binhai new area by light railway everyday, do many businessmen who live in downtown tianjin. (09天津)
a.as b.which c.when d.though
step 4 assesment and homework（1分鐘）
選出優秀小組和個人以資鼓勵
record after teaching:
定語從句 篇11
英語詞法專題講座十八：定語從句一、定語從句（一）：1. 定語從句的概念： 在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。2. 先行詞： 被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。3. 關系詞： 引導定語從句的連詞叫關系詞。如that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when等。4.由that、which、who、whom、whose引導的定語從句。關系詞指代在定語從句中的作用that既指人也指物作主語、賓語which指物作主語、賓語who指人作主語whom指人作賓語whose既指人也指物作定語二、定語從句（二）1. 先行詞是物時，一般情況既可用that也可用which. 但下列情況下，只能用that不用which。1). 當先行詞為指物的不定代詞，如all、everything、something、anything、nothing、none、the one等時，只能用that。there is nothing ______ i can do for you.2). 當先行詞被the only、the very、the last、all、no、little等詞修飾時，只能用that。this is the very book ______ i’m looking for.3). 先行詞被序數詞修飾時，只能用that。this is the first nextbook ______ i studied in the middle school.4). 先行詞為最高級或被最高級修飾時，只能用that。this is the most beautiful mountain ______ i have ever seen.=i have _____ seen _____ a beautiful mountian.5). 先行詞既有人也有物時，只能that。he told us many interesting things and persons _______ we had.2. 先行詞是物時，一般情況既可用that也可用which. 但下列情況下，只能用which不用that。1). 關系代詞前有介詞時，關系詞只能用which。this is the building in ______ he lives.2). 先行詞本身是that時，關系詞只能用which。the clock is that _____ tells the time.3). 引導非限定性的定語從句（先行詞是物且先行詞與關系詞用逗號隔開），關系詞用which。his book, ______ was lost last week, has been found now.3. 先行詞是人時，一般情況下既可用who 也可用that 。但以下情況下，只能用who。1). 當先行詞為those、one、ones、anyone且作主語時，一般用who。those ______ are singing are all my classmates.2). 在there be 句型中，先行詞指人時，只能用who。指物時用that。there is a girl ______ expects to see you.3). 當先行詞是i、you、he、they等時，只能用who。he ______ plays with fire gets burned.三、定語從句（三）。 由關系副詞when、where、why引導的定語從句。where = in / at +which when = in / on / at +which why = for + which 1. 由where引導的定語從句。1). 先行詞是表示地點的名詞 2). 在定語從句中作地點狀語is this the house ______ you lived? = is this the house _____ _____ you lived?= is this the house _____ you lived in?2. 由when引導的定語從句。1). 先行詞是表示時間的名詞 2). 在定語從句中作時間狀語i will never forget the days ______ i met him.= i will never forget the days ____ ____ i met him.注：先行詞是the last time 時，when 可省略。when was the last time you saw the parrot?3. 由why引導的定語從句。 先行詞為reason 時，一般用why 。 why在句中作原因狀語。we don’t know the reason ______ they didn’t come.四、注意事項：1. 關系詞在定語從句中作賓語時，常可省略。the story _____ he told was very popular.a. who b. whom c. whose d. / 2. that、who、which在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句的謂語動詞應與先行詞保持一致。i loves singers who _______(write) their own songs.she is one of the girls who ______(study) hard .3. 在定語從句中不能出現代替先行詞的人稱代詞。will you please show me the book ______ yesterday?a. which you bought b. that you bought it c. you bought d. you bought it 4. 定語從句中whose 的確定： 無論先行詞是人或物，在定語從句中做定語用whose。判斷：看定語從句的主語前有無限定詞（my、your、jim’s等），若沒有，則用whose。the girl _____ parents work in beijing is kate.a. who b. whose c. which d. that i know the boy. his handwriting is very good.= i know the boy ____ handwriting is very good.五、定語從句的簡化 把定語從句簡化為形容詞短語、過去分詞短語、介詞短語、現在分詞短語。1. she reveived a box which was full of presents. she reveived a box _____ _____ presents.2. he likes reading books that was written by luxun. he likes reading booking _____ ____ luxun.3. i like chinese tea which has nothing in it. i like chinese tea ______ _____ in it.4. do you know the girl who is wearing a red dress. do you know the girl ______ a red dress.
定語從句 篇12
(一) 知識概要
定語從句并不屬于中考范圍，但由于作者在多年的教學中體會到，這一語法現象影響了許多學生自學英語。這些學生一般是成績較好的學生，想進行大量閱讀來提高自己的英語水平，但總是碰到一些問題，百思不得其解�？嘤谧约旱乃街幌抻诔踔兴�，無法提高，但各種補習班又都是為一些水平較差的學生開設的，所以又投師無門。為了解決這部分學生的學習困難，也為那些有志青年鋪平學習上的道路，特用這一節講述定語從句，不是從語法上講述，而是從閱讀理解方面去講述�？晒┩瑢W們在學習時參考。這會對你的英語學習起到事半功倍的作用。對于形容詞我們已十分熟悉了，如：a good book，形容詞good 用來修飾書book。我們也可以用一個句子來修飾名詞，這種句子叫做形容詞性從句，它起修飾名詞的作用，又被叫做定語從句(the attributive clause)。但有一點不同的是這個從句不是像形容詞那樣放于名詞前，而是放在名詞之后。它所修飾的名詞又被叫作先行詞，如：do you know the scientist who gave us the talk this afternoon? 這句中的主句是do you know the scientist? (你知道那位科學家嗎?) 而who gave us the talk this afternoon (他今天下午給我們作的報告。)是定語從句。所以這兩句話合為一體即是：
你認識今天下午給我們作報告的那位科學家嗎?這里scientist 叫作先行詞，而who 叫作定語從句的引導詞。who 在定語從句中起主語的作用，who 的數與它的先行詞相同。又如：you must do everything that i do這里先行詞是 everything，而 that i do 是定語從句，此句應譯為：你必須作我所作的一切。 that 叫作定語從句的引導詞，在句中作 do 的賓語。引導定語從句的引導詞有關系代詞：that，which，who，whom，whose 和關系副詞when，where，why，how。不論關系代詞還是關系副詞，都應放于先行詞和定語從句之間，起聯系作用，但它們都要在定語從句中起語法作用，充當一個成份。如關系代詞在定語從句中不是作主語便是作賓語，而關系副詞則是作狀語。我們先來看關系代詞的用法。①that 的先行詞可以是人也可以是物。如：a plane is a machine that can fly這里先行詞是machine 而that 是關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。這句譯為：飛機是一種會飛的機器。又如：i like the book (that) you lent me yesterday這里先行詞是book，關系代詞用that，它在定語從句中作lend (借)的賓語。要注意的是關系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略，即：i like the book you lent me yesterday ②which 關系代詞的先行詞只能是物。它在定語從句中作主語或賓語，如：the book shop is a shop which sells books這里 shop是先行詞，which 在從句中作主語。又如：the book (which) i read last night was wonderful 這里主句是the book was wonderful 而定語從句是修飾主句的主語book，即我昨晚讀的那本書，which 在定語從句中作read 的賓語，可以省略。③who，whom，whosewho 在定語從句中作主語，whom 是who 的賓格，在定語從句中作賓語，而 whose 則是形容詞性物主代詞，在從句中作定語，如：the man who visited our school yesterday is an american friend 昨天參觀我們學校的人是一位美國朋友。 who 在定語從句中作主語。又如：who's that woman (whom) you just talked to? 你剛才與之談話的那個女人是誰?而whom 作定語從句中介詞to 的賓語，可以省略，而在現代英語中，句首的whom 也常�？捎脀ho代替。this is our classmate, mary, whose home is not far from our school 這是我們的同學瑪麗，她的家離我們學校不遠。為了便于理解，我們來看看是如何將兩句話并為一句話的。
1. i saw the man. he closed the door
i saw the man who (that) closed the door
2. the girl is happy. she won the race
the girl who won the race is happy.
3. the students are from china. they sit in the front row.
the students who sit in the front row are from china
(要注意的是先行詞是students 則who 的數也應看作復數。)
4. we are studying sentences. they contain adjective dause.
we are studying sentences that (which) contain adjective dause
5. the taxi driver was friendly. he took me to the airport.
the taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly.
6. the book was good. i read it
the book that i read was good.
the book i read was good.
7. the people were very nice. we visited them yesterday.
the people we visited yesterday were very nice.
8. the man called the police. his wallet was stolen.
the man whose wallet was stolen called the police
9. i come from a country. its history goes back thousands of years.
i come from a country whose history goes back thousands of years.
10. i have to call the man. i picked up his umbrella after the meeting.
i have to call the man whose umbrella i picked up after the meeting.
關系代詞whom, which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關系緊湊也可以將whom 與which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，如：
that was the room in which we had lived for ten years 或可以寫作：
that was the room which we had lived in for ten years
he was the man whom(who) you were looking for要注意的是此句的關系代詞 whom 可以用主格取代，而look for 是短語動詞也不可將for 放于定語從句之前。that 作關系代詞作介詞賓語時，不能緊跟介詞，而只能將介詞置于定語從句的后面。如：the man that we were talking about has come to our school. 這時不可用 about that … 請看下面例句：
1. the meeting was interesting. i went to it.
the meeting that i went to was interesting.
2. the man was very kind. i talked to him yesterday.
the man who i talked to yesterday was very kind
3. i must thank the people. i got a present from him.
i must thank the people who i got a present from.
4. the picture was beautiful. she was looking at it.
the picture that (which) she was looking at was beautiful.
5. the man is standing over there. i told you about him.
the man who i told you about is standing over there
除關系代詞外，還有關系副詞，when, where, why，其中when用來指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。如：i never forget the day when i first came to the great wall. 而where 則指地點，如：this is the house where the old man lives. 請看下面例句：
1. the city was beautiful. we spent our vacation there.
the city where we spent our vacation was beautiful
2. that is the restaurant. i will meet you there.
that is the restaurant where i will meet you
3. the town is small. i grew up there.
the town where i grew up is small.
4. that is the drawer. i keep my newspapers there.
that is the drawer where i keep my newspapers.
5. monday is the day. we will come then.
monday is the day when we will came
6. 7:05 is the time. my plane arrives then.
7:05 is the time when my plane arrives.
7. 1960 is the year. the revolution took place then.
1960 is the year when the revolution took place.
8. july is the month. the weather is usually the hottest then.
july is the month when the weather is usually the hottest.
在定語從句中又可分為兩大類定語從句，即限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。
�、� 限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉的話，主句的意思就不完整，意義就表述不明。這種句型一般定語從句緊接先行詞，如：i was the only person in my office who was invited.
�、� 非限制性定語從句。它與主句的關系不十分密切，只是對其附加說明，也就是講即便去掉定語從句，句意也不受影響，仍然清晰明了。這樣的定語從句要在它和主句之間加一逗號分開。且關系代詞不引導這種非限制性定語從句，如：abraham lincoln, who led the united states through these years, was shot on april 14, 1865 at a theatre in washington d. c. 又如：galileo lived in the city of pisa, where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.
定語從句 篇13
原創人：王萍 北大附中河南分校高一英語組
09年定語從句高考題
1. (09全國1) she brought with her three friends,none of _____i had ever met before.
a.them b.who c.whom d.these
2. (09全國2) my friend showed me round the town,_____was vey kind of him.a.which b.that c.where d.it
3. (北京)-----what do you think of teaching,bob?
-----i find it fun and challenging . it is a job ____ you are doingsomething serious but interesting.
a.where b.which c.when d.that
4. (09湖南) i was born in new orleans, louisiana,a city _____name will create a picture of beautiful trees and greengrass in our mind.
a.which b.of which c.that d.whose
5. (09湖南) gun control is a subject___-americans have argued for a long time.
a.ofwhich b.withwhich c.aboutwhich d.into which
6. (09重慶) life is like a long race _____wecompete with others to go beyond ourselves.
a.why b.what c.that d.where
7. (09山東) whenever i met her ,______ was fairlyoften, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
a.who b.which c.when d.that
8. (09福建)it’s helplful to put children in asituation ____they can see themselves differently.
a.that b.when c.which d.where
9. (09安徽) many children, ____parents are awayworking in big cities, are taken good care of in thevillage.
a.their b.whose c.of them d.with whom
10. (09天津) a person _____e-mail account is fullwon’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
a.who b.whom c.whose d.whoever
11. (09遼寧)they’ve won their last three matches,______i find a bit surprising actually.
a.that b.when c.what d.which
12 (_09浙江) i have reached a point in mylife_____i am supposed to make decisions of my own.
a.which b.where c.how d.why
13. (09四川) she’ll never forget her stay there_____she found her son who had gone missing two yearsbefore.
a.that b.which c.where d.when
14. (09江西) the house ____i grew up has beentaken down and replaced by an office building.
a.init b.in c.in that d.in which
年定語從句的高考試題
1 . ( 安徽 26) all the neighbor admire thisfamily. ________the parents are treating their child like afriend.
a. why b.where c.which d.that
2. ( 全國 2 1 6) the road conditions thereturned out to be very good, ______ was more than we couldexpect.
a. it b.what c.which d.that
3. ( 北京 28) i’ ll give you y friend’s homeaddress, ______ i can be reached most evenings.
a. which b. when c.whom d.where
4. ( 上海春季 37) villagers here depend on thefishing industry. _________ there won’t be much work
a. where b. that c. by which d. withoutwhich
5. ( 上海卷 38) we went through a period______communications were very difficult in the rural areas
.a. which b.whose c. inwhich d. withwhich
6. ( 重慶21 ) they will fly to washington,______ they plan to stay for two or three days.
a. where b. there c.which d.when
7. ( 四川 4) for many cities in the world,there is no room to spread our further, _______ new york is anexample.
a. for which b. in which c.of which d.from which
8. ( 浙江8) yesterday she sold her car,______ she bought a month ago.
a. whom b.where c.that d. which
9. ( 福建 31 ) by nine o’ clock, all theolympic torch bearers had reached the top of mount qomolangma, ____appeared a rare rainbow soon.
a. of which b. on which c. from which d. abovewhich
1 0. ( 湖南 31 ) the growing speed of a plantis influenced by a number of factors, ______ are beyond ourcontrol.
a. most of them b. mostof which c.most of what d. most of that
11 . ( 江西 35) later in this chapter caseswill be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resultedin changes in the law.
a. where b. when c.who d.which
1 2. ( 山東 26) occasions are quite rare ____i have the time to spend a day with my kids.
a. who b. which c. why d.when
1 3. ( 江蘇24) the science museum,____________ we visited during a recent trip to britain, is one oflondon’s tourist attractions.
a. which b. what c. that d.where
定語從句 篇14
18. 定語從句
定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常
出現在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。
關系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關系副詞有：when, where, why等。
18.1 關系代詞引導的定語從句
關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如：
is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）
2） whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如：
they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：
a prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
農村出現了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）
the package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語）
18.2 關系副詞引導的定語從句
關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）關系副詞when, where, why的含義相當于\"介詞+ which\"結構，因此常常和\"介詞+ which\"結構交替使用。例如：
there are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。
beijing is the place where（in which） i was born. 北京是我的出生地。
is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關系副詞，可以用于表示時間、地點、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引導的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略。例如：
his father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
he is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago.
他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。
18.3 判斷關系代詞與關系副詞
方法一： 用關系代詞，還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。例如：
this is the mountain village where i stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。
i\'ll never forget the days when i worked together with you.我永遠不會忘記與你共事的日子。
判斷改錯：
�。ㄥe） this is the mountain village where i visited last year.
（錯） i will never forget the days when i spent in the countryside.
�。▽Γ� this is the mountain village （which） i visited last year.
�。▽Γ� i\'ll never forget the days （which） i spent in the countryside.
習慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關系副詞 where, when聯系在一起。此兩題錯在關系詞的誤用上。
方法二： 準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分（主、謂、賓、定、狀），也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
例1. is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
a. where b. that c. on which d. the one
例2. is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
a. where b. that c. on which d. the one
答案：例1 d，例2 a
例1變為肯定句： this museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2變為肯定句： this is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關系代詞，所以應選d。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選a。
關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關系代詞（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應選擇關系副詞 （ where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語） 。
18.4 限制性和非限制性定語從句
1） 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。例如：
this is the house which we bought last month. 這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）
the house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）
2） 當先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如：
charles smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查理•史密斯去年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。
my house, which i bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園。
this novel, which i have read three times, is very touching. 這本小說很動人，我已經讀了三遍。
3） 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數。例如：
he seems not to have grasped what i meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。
liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態水變為蒸汽，這就叫做蒸發。
說明：關系代詞that和關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句。
18.5 介詞+關系詞
1）介詞后面的關系詞不能省略。
2）that前不能有介詞。
3）某些在從句中充當時間，地點或原因狀語的\"介詞+關系詞\"結構可以同關系副詞when 和where 互換。例如：
this is the house in which i lived two years ago. 這是我兩年前住過的房子。
this is the house where i lived two years ago.
do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎？
do you remember the day when you joined our club?
18.6 as, which 非限定性定語從句
由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句，as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。as一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：
as we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. 如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
the sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太陽使地球暖起來，這對我們人類很重要。
典型例題
1）alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
a. it b. that c. which d. he
答案c. 此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。
2）the weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
a. what b. which c. that d. it
答案b。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。that 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。
3）it rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
a. that b. which c. as d. it
答案b. as 和which在引導非限制性定語從句時，這兩個關系代詞都指主句所表達的整個意思，且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點：
�。�1）as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。
（2） as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語必須是系動詞；若為行為動詞，則從句中的關系代詞只能用which.。在本題中，prevent由于是行為動詞，所以正確選項應為b。
as 的用法
例1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一種固定結構, 和……一樣……。例如：
i have got into the same trouble as he （has）. 我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。
例2. as可引導非限制性從句，常帶有\'正如\'。例如：
as we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. 如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。
as is known, smoking is harmful to one\'s health.
as是關系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語；例2中，它充當從句的主語，謂語動詞know要用被動式。
18.7 先行詞和關系詞二合一
1） whoever spits in public will be punished here. （whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）
2） the parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替）
18.8 what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：
what you want has been sent here. 你要的動詞都送來了。
whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么，跟我沒什么關系。
2） who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如：
（錯）who breaks the law will be punished.
�。ㄥe）whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
�。▽Γ﹚hoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法，與庶民同罪。
�。▽Γ﹚ho robbed the bank is not clear. 誰搶了銀行還不清楚。
3） that 和 what
當that引導定語從句時，通常用作關系代詞，而引導名詞性從句時，是個不充當任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that�？墒÷�。what只能引導名詞性從句，用作連接代詞，作從句的具體成分，且不能省略。例如：
i think（that）you will like the stamps. 我想你會喜歡這些郵票的。
what we need is more practice. 我們需要的是更多的實踐。
18.9 關系代詞that 的用法
1）不用that的情況
a） 引導非限定性定語從句時。例如：
�。ㄥe）the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b） 介詞后不能用。例如：
we depend on the land from which we get our food. 我們依賴土地獲得食物。
we depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2） 只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
a） 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b） 在不定代詞，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時，只用that，不用which。
c） 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時，只用that�！�
d） 先行詞為序數詞、數詞、形容詞最高級時，只用that。.
e） 先行詞既有人，又有物時。例如：
all that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油問題。
finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。
定語從句 篇15
（精品推薦）XX屆高考二輪復習英語學案--專題十 定語從句
【典例精析】
1.（09天津）a person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. whoever
【解析】c 考查定語從句的用法。分析先行詞和定語從句的關系發現先行詞在定語從句中作定語，故選c符合。
2.（09天津）i travel to the binhai new area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown tianjin.
a. as b. which c. when d. though
【解析】a 考查as連接的倒裝句式。按照句意此處as有正如，正像的意思，故as符合。
3.（09陜西）gun control is a subject americans have argued for a long time.
a. of which b. with which c. about which d. into which
【解析】c 考查定語從句，先行詞是gun control，指物，關系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語，介詞前置，介詞與從句動詞構成搭配argue about sth，選c。
4.（09四川）she’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
【解析】d 考查定語從句的用法。her stay為先行詞，可以理解為抽象的一段時間（她呆在那里期間），when指代her stay在定語從句中做時間狀語。
5.（09浙江）i have reached a point in my life ______ i am supposed to make decisions of my own.
a. which b. where c. how d. why
【解析】b 考查定語從句關系副詞的選擇。分析句式in my life為插入成分；point為先行詞，在定語從句中先行詞做地點狀語，意思為“我應該做出我自己決定的地方（某一點）”
6.（09北京）—what do you think of teacher ,bob？
—i find it fun and challenging. it is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.
a. where b. which c. when d. that
【解析】a 考查定語從句用法。分析定語從句主謂賓完整，說明應該填關系副詞，先行詞為a job，定語從句的意思是在這個工作中……，所以答案用where引導的定語從句。
7.（09福建）it’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
a. that b. when c. which d. where
【解析】d 考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，指物，亦可指地點，關系詞在從句中做地點狀語，用關系副詞where，選d。
8.（09安徽）a good friend of mine from i was born showed up at my home right before i left for beijing.
a. how b. whom c. when d. which
【解析】c 考查定語從句用法。本題對學生來說較難,不容易看的懂.本句意為“就在我準備去北京前,我兒時的一位好朋友到我家里來了.”
9.（09安徽）many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
a. their b. whose c. of them d. with whom
【解析】b 本題考察定語從句的用法,屬于較容易題.明顯表達為”他們的父母”
10.（09湖南）i was born in new orleans, louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
a. which b. of which c. that d. whose
【解析】d 考查定語從句。先行詞在定語從句中充當定語，意思為這個城市的名字。
11.（09全國2 ）my friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.
a. which b. that c. where d. it
【解析】a 考查非限制性定語從句(這兒的which指代前面整句話內容。
12.（09江西）6. the house i grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
a. in it b. in c. in that d. in which
【解析】b 考查定語從句。the house ( which / that i grew up in ) , 主語后面緊跟的是定語從句。
13.（09海南）7. she brought with her three friends, none of i had ever met before.
a. them b. who c. whom d. these
【解析】c。 考查定語從句中的非限制性定語從句。句意為：她帶著她的三個朋友，他們三個中沒有一個人我曾見過。表示“部分的詞語+of+關系代詞” 在非限制性定語從句指人只能用whom。
14.（09山東）8. whenever i met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
a. who b. which c. when d. that
【解析】b非限制性定語從句，指代前面一個句子，故用which.
【專題突破】總體做題采用還原法：即把先行詞還原到定語從句里邊，看一下做什么成分、指人、物；做主語、賓語還是狀語等即可突破，具體說：
1. 根據句子結構劃出定語從句（劃完后必須是兩個獨立的句子）。
2. 根據先行詞的特點、功能進一步選擇。
�、湃绻刃性~在定語從句中主、賓語，則選關系代詞。
�、迫绻刃性~在定語從句中做狀語，則用關系副詞。
3. 根據先行詞的具體用法進一步選擇。
1.the english play __________ my students acted at the new year’s party was a great success.
a. for which b. at which c. in which d. on which
2. helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, __________, of course, made the others envy him.
a. who b. that c. what d. which
3. if a shop has chairs __________ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.
a. that b. which c. when d. where
4.women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don’t.
a. who ; 不填 b. 不填 ; who c. who ; who d. 不填; 不填
5.the beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from liverpool.
a. what b. that c. how d. as
6. some pre-school children go to a day care center,____ they learn simple games and songs.
a. then b. there c. while d. where
7. the book was written in 1946, ____ the education system has witnessed great charges.
a.when b.during which c.since then d.since when
8. the science museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to britain, is one of london’s tourist attractions.
a. which b. what c. that d. where
9. yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
a. when b. where c. that d. which
10. by nine o’clock, all the olympic torch bearers had reached the top of mount qomolangma, _______appeared a rare rainbow soon.
a. of which b. on which c. from which d. above which
參考答案和詳解：
1.【解析】c根據句子意思需選擇介詞in，從而構成act in the play。關系代詞在此是指english play，指物，因此選擇in which。注意：如果定語從句謂語動詞為介詞動詞也就是由動詞+介詞構成的短語，那么介詞必須后置，不能與動詞拆開置于關系代詞前面。
2.【解析】d這是一句非限制性定語從句，關系代詞指代整個句子helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，且從句中行為動詞made是主動語態，因此選擇which。
3.【解析】d此題答案是。這里的關系副詞指代on chairs，指地點，因此選擇where。不要誤以為chair在句中是做主語或者賓語，在做此類題時一定要結合定語從句要表達的意思，做到“瞻前顧后”。
4.【解析】c審明句意：每天和多于兩杯咖啡的女性比那些沒有改習慣的女性得心臟病的可能性要大得多。 在本題中的who都是引導定語從句，指代人，在定語從句中做主語，所以都不能省略。
5.【解析】d本題考查在實際語境中對于非限制性定語從句的應用能力。as引導定語從句，在從句中做remember的賓語，指代的是the beatles“披頭士樂隊”。what引導名詞性從句，在句中做主語賓語或表語，that引導限制性定語從句， how引導名詞性從句。
6.【解析】d本題中用where引導定語從句，先行詞是a day care center，where在定語從句中做地點狀語。注意then和there是副詞，不能引導定語從句。while雖然是連詞，但是只能用來連接狀語從句。
7.【解析】d在本題中用since when引導定語從句。因為句中的謂語has witnessed是現在完成時,所以要用since when。when指代上文中的in 1946,表示“這本書是1946年寫的,從那以后,教育體制發生了巨大變化”。
8.【解析】a本題考查的重點是非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句的先行詞指物時，應用which而不用that，the science museum 雖然是一個地點名詞，但是在本句中的定語從句里做的是賓語而不是地點狀語所以不能用where,尤其注意visit是一個及物動詞。
9.【解析】d本題考查的是非限制性定語從句。題中空格前面主句中的先行詞是car，空格后面定語從句的謂語動詞bought后面缺一個賓語，只能選用關系代詞。a項when和 b項where都是關系副詞，可以予以排除，c項that不能用于非限制性定語從句中。故選d。
10.【解析】d考查非限制性定語從句的介詞＋which的用法，原句可還原成…a rare rainbow appeared above …。根據選項我們已經知道了考查的大方向，就是需要我們找到合適的介詞搭配。
【學法導航】根據考綱要求，考生在復習備考時要弄清定語從句的先行詞與關系詞的關系；關系代詞、關系副詞的選擇和運用；限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的用法以及強調句式和同位語從句和定語從句的區別。把握命題規律，一般定語從句的命題熱點內容如下：
1.that與which的選用；that與where/when的選用；
2.“介詞+which/whom”結構中介詞的選用；
3.“介詞+which”與when/where間的區別與聯系；
4.which與as引導非限制性定語從句的區別；
5.“不定代詞/數詞+of which/whom”與“不定代詞/數詞+of them” 的選用；
6.定語從句中的主謂一致現象。 1定語從句可以說是各地高考必然首先考慮的重要考點，在題目設計的過程中，勢必會以“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句為熱點，以非限制性定語從句為重點，以關系副詞where引導的定語從句為難點。
7.在疑問句中或倒裝句中考查定語從句
8. 通過拆分詞組和固定搭配或者添加插入語或狀語來考查定語從句
做到了以上幾點就能輕松拿到定語從句的分數。
【專題綜合】1.the town _______ we visited last month is the one _______ the famous painter was born.
a.where; which b.which; where c.which; that d.where; where
2.we went to mountain tai last weekend, ________, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
3.we hope that the measures to control the stock market, ____ are taken by the government, will work.
a. that b. where c. which d. what
4.many factors influence a student in his/her study, ____ i think are out of a teacher’s control.
a. most of them b. most of which c. most of what d. most of that
5.— obama won the election. it’s amazing!
— yes. but the result was within ______ we had expected, ______ brought great joy to many young people and the black.
a. that; which b. that; that c. what; what d. what; which
6.he’s got himself into a dangerous situation _________ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
a. where b. which c. while d. why
7.it was in the factory _______ his friend worked _______ he picked up a lot of experience.
a. where, where b. that, where c. that, that d. where, that
8.today the public is much concerned about the way _______ .
a.nature is being ruined b.which nature is ruined
c.on which to ruin nature d.of nature to be ruined
9.young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world.
a. where b. when c. that d. what
10.is it the years _______ you worked in africa as a doctor _______ have a great effect on your literary works?
a. that; where b. that; that c. when; where d. when; that
11. was it in the waiting room ______ only allows mothers-to-be to enter that you lost your wallet?
a. / b. where c. that d. when
12 obama, _______ life was once hard when he was young, were elected president of american.
a. for whom b. who c. to whom d. /
13 _______ has been announced, our government will take more measures to make the falling economics recover as soon as possible.
a that b as c it d what
14. lee yu chun was titled as the top thin beauty in ansia , _______ caused a lot of disagreements in the field of entertainment.
a. that b. which c as d it
15 there were so many attractions in disney park. after lunch we came to a place, _______ stood a big tower.
a. which b. that c. / d. where
16. a political advisor suggested giving out red pockets to the whole nation directly to encourage economics，_____i believe is of great value.
a that b. / c. which d. why
17 is this the website_______ you want to have ____ into your files to help you learn english?
a. who; to add b. that; add c. whom; adding d. that; added
18.we have heard of many cases _______ some citizens ，especially some famous people， have suffered because personal information had been leaked.
a. why b. which c. as d. where
19. tony showed me his new cell phone, _______ was small but it could change colors in different weather.
a. the screen of whom b. whom the screen of c. which the screen of d. the screen of which
20.i will never forget the day _______ i came to my university and the day ______ i spent in a new city.
a. when; which b. which; when c. what; that d. on which; when
參考答案和解析：
1.【解析】b注意在第一個空后面的定語從句里的visit是一個及物動詞，所以the town在定語從句里做的是visit的賓語，所以第一個空我們可以用that, which或者省略。第二個空的先行詞the one指代的還是the town,但是此時the town在定語從句里做的是地點狀語，所以要用where來引導定語從句。
2.【解析】b這里從總的方面來看考查的非限制性定語從句，我們找到定語從句的先行詞，根據空格后面的was crowded with visitors我們可以判斷這個定語從句的先行詞應該是在山上人有很多而不是指時間，所以不能用when。
3.【解析】c本題考查的非限制性定語從句，句子的主干表達的意思是我們希望控制證券市場的措施會生效。那么… are taken by the government就是個定語從句來解釋stock market，證券市場在非限制性定語從句中做的是主語，所以不能用where來引導從句。
4.【解析】b這個句子尤其要注意區分a和b選項的不同，只要我們注意了標點符號就知道這并不是個并列句，所以不能選a。因為是逗號，說明后面是個非限制性定語從句，這里考查的是介詞＋which的用法，原句可還原成…most of the factors …。
5.【解析】d第一個空考查的是what引導的名詞性從句在句子里做的是within這個介詞的賓語，第二個空是由which引導的非限制性定語從句，這里的which指代的是奧巴馬當選總統這件事。
6.【解析】a句意“他使得自己處于非常危險的境況中，（在這個境況中）他可能失去對飛機的控制”，所選擇的關聯詞應該在定語從句中作地點狀語，表示in the situation。注意：where這個詞不僅僅可以表地點，某人/物的情況、某事發展的階段、某事的某個方面都可以用where這個關系副詞來表達。
7.【解析】d本題是把定語從句放到了強調結構里來考查，第一個空是由where引導的定語從句解釋說明the factory，在定語從句里做的是地點狀語。第二個空是it was ….that…強調結構。
8.【解析】a這里考查定語從句里的特殊情況就是當先行詞是the way的時候，關系代詞可以是that, in which或者省略。a選項就是符合第三種情況。
9.【解析】c注意在本句里的situation是先行詞，在空格后的定語從句里缺少的是主語，而且指的是物，所以該空我們可以用which或者that，但是不管用什么都不能省略。
10.【解析】d該題既做到了把定語從句放到疑問句中，又做到了把定語從句放到強調結構里進行考查。第一個空是個定語從句，先行詞是the year，when在定語從句里是時間狀語；第二個空是it is …that…強調結構。
11.【解析】c在考查定語從句的時候利用疑問句的特殊結構來干擾學生的正確選擇比較常見。遇到這類定語從句時，最好的辦法是先把疑問句還原成陳述句，然后判斷誰是先行詞，再看關系詞在定語從句中所充當的成分，最后確定正確答案。在這個定語從句中的先行詞是room, that在定語從句里做主語。
12.【解析】a這是一個非限制性定語從句，還考查到了“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句。根據句子意思需選擇介詞for, 從而構成be hard for obama. for的賓語是指人，這時就只能用whom。
13.【解析】b這是一句非限制性定語從句，關系代詞指代整個句子we shall have our final exams next month，且位于句首，因此選擇as。在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但注意as 引導的定語從句可置于句首，而which不可。
14.【解析】b在引導非限制性定語從句時，as和which都可以用來指代前面整句所表達的內容。 as在從句中作主語時，后面常接動詞的被動語態；如果從句中的行為動詞是主動語態，一般用which做主語，所以正確選項應為b。
15.【解析】d在本句中為了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒裝語序。倒裝的使用使定語從句的結構變得較為特殊，對于這種情況，應先把倒裝語序還原成正常語序，這樣句子結構就比較清晰了。這里是非限制性定語從句解釋前面的the place.
16.【解析】c在考查定語從句時會利用插入語或狀語的添加來增加試題的難度。常見的插入語有：i think （suppose, expect, believe, imagine）, in my opinion, to tell you the truth等。做這類題目時我們可以先刪去插入語或狀語，找出句子的主干。在該句中先行詞是discovery，which是在引導非限制性定語從句，在句子里做主語。
17.【解析】d非謂語動詞是英語中難度較大的語法項目之一，因而在定語從句中加入非謂語動詞會增加考查定語從句的難度。對這類題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。本句還原后應是：you want to have the website added into your files to help you learn english.先行詞是the website, 因為在定語從句里做賓語，所以可以用that, which或者省略，但是第二個空只能用added， 因為還考查到了have something done， 這里是網站被添加到收藏夾。
18.【解析】d定語從句的先行詞cases在此意為“實例，情況”，根據從句的意思“在這些例子中（情境中）……”，先行詞在從句中應該擔當狀語成分，表示in many cases，所以用where 來引導表示地點的定語從句。
19.【解析】d從四個選項的設置不難看出是考察介詞加關系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句。再從先行詞watch可看出是指物，可排除a和b。c項中關系代詞應放在介詞之后，如改為of which the screen或者whose screen也是可以的。
20.【解析】a在本句中兩個先行詞the day都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關系副詞when. 第二個空白處要填的關系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關系代詞which或that來引導定語從句。
定語從句 篇16
語法復習四：定語從句
�。ㄒ唬┒ㄕZ從句一般由關系代詞和關系副詞引導
1、關系代詞：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、關系副詞：when, where, why
關系代詞和關系副詞必須位于從句之首，主句先行詞之后，起著連接先行詞和從句的作用， 同時在從句中又充當句子成分。
e.g. she is the girl who sings best of all.（關系代詞who在從句中作主語）
the comrade with whom i came knows french.（whom在從句中作介詞with的賓語）
3、關系代詞和關系副詞的用法：1）當先行詞為人時用who 作主語，whom作賓語；2）當先行詞為物或整個句子時用which ，可作主語或賓語；3）先行詞為人、物時用that ，可作主語或賓語；4）whose用作定語，可指人或物；5）關系副詞when（指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語，where（指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語），why（指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語）。
（二）限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1、限制性定語從句：從句與主句關系密切，去掉從句，主句意義不完整，甚至不合邏輯。
e.g. i was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定語從句，意思就不完整）
2、非限制性定語從句：從句對先行詞關系不密切，去掉定從句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號隔開，不能that用引導。
e.g. tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引導非限制性定語從句，整個句子可分成兩句來翻譯）
（三）使用定語從句時特別注意的幾個問題
1、that與which的區別。
1）用that而不用 which的情況：①先行詞為不定代詞all, anything, nothing, …；②先行詞有最高級修飾，有序數詞修飾；③先行詞有only, very, any等詞修飾；④先行詞既有人又有物時。
e.g. there is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 沒有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
the first place that they visited in guilin was elephant trunk hill. 在桂林他們所參觀的第一個地方是象鼻山。
this is the best film that i have ever seen. 這部電影是我看過的最好的一部。
mr smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他認識的唯一的外國人。
2）用which而不用 that的情況：①引導非限制性定語從句；②代表整個主句的意思；③介詞 + 關系代詞。
e.g. he had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他數學考試沒有及格，這使他的父親很生氣。
this is the room in which my father lived last year. 這是父親去年居住過的房子。
3）as引導定語從句時的用法
①as引導限制性定語從句通常用于the same … as, such … as結構中。
e.g. i want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一樣的襯衫。
such machines as are used in our workshop are made in china. 我們車間使用的這種機器是中國制造的。
�、赼s引導非限制性定語從句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用來修飾整個句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as i expect 等。
e.g. as i expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所預料的那樣，他在這次期中考試中又獲得了第一名。
3）as 引導非限制性定語從句時與which的區別
�、佼斨骶浜蛷木湔Z義一致時，用as；反之，用which來引導非限制性定語從句。
e.g. he made a long speech, as we expected.
he made a long speech, which was unexpected.
�、诋敺窍拗贫ㄕZ從句為否定時，常用which引導。
e.g. tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
2. 關系代詞在從句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞單數還是用復數應由先行詞決定。
e.g. the man who lives downstairs speaks english fluently. 住在樓下的那個人英語說得很流利。
the students who are in grade three are going to climb the hill tomorrow.
3. 定語從句有時不直接緊靠先行詞，中間由一個定語、狀語或謂語隔開。
e.g. there is an expression in his eyes that i can’t understand.
4. 引導定語從句的關系副詞有時可以用“介詞 + which”來代替。
e.g. october 1, 1949 was the day on which ( = when ) the people’s republic of china was founded.
5. 當定語從句中謂語動詞是帶介詞或副詞的固定短語動詞時，短語動詞的各個固定部分不要拆開。
e.g. the sick man whom she is looking after is her father.
6. 介詞在關系代詞前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介詞在句尾，關系代詞可有which, that, whom, 口語中也可用who，且可省略。
e.g. the man (whom/ who/ that) you were talking about has come to school.
練習、定語從句
一、把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從復合句：
1. the fan is on the desk. you want it.
2. the man is in the next room. he brought our textbooks here yesterday.
3. the magazine is mine. he has taken it away.
4. the students will not pass the exam . they don’t study hard.
5. the woman is our geography teacher. you saw her in the park.
6. the letter is from my sister. i received it yesterday.
7. the play was wonderful. we saw it last night.
8. the train was late. it was going to nanning.
9. the boy is my brother. he was here a minute ago.
10. the tree is quite tall. he is climbing it.
11. here is the girl. her brother works in this shop.
12. that’s the child. we were looking at his drawing just now.
13. this is the boy. his sister is a famous singer.
14. i want to talk to the boys. their homework haven’t been handed in.
15. is that the woman? her daughter is in my class.
16. he used to live in a big house. in front of it grew many banana trees.
17. they passed a factory. at the back of the factory there were rice fields.
18. the soldier ran to the building. on the top of it flew a flag.
19. in the evening they arrived at a hill. at the foot of the hill there was a temple.
20. she came into a big room. in the middle of it stood a large table.
二、根據句子意思，在第一個空白處填入介詞，在第二個填入關系代詞whom或which:
1. the person ________ ________ i spoke just now is the manager that i told you about.
2. the pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.
3. wu dong, ________ ________ i went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.
4. the two things ________ ________ marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of english.
5. her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.
6. the stories about the long march, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.
三、選擇填空：
1. the man ____ visited our school yesterday is from london.
a. who b. which c. whom d. when
2. the woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
3. because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.
a. that b. which c. what d. as
4. do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?
a. when b. where c. which d. who
5. tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.
a. which b. that c. whom d. as
6. those ____ want to go please sign their names here.
a. whom b. which c. who d. when
7. where is the man ____ i met this morning?
a. when b. where c. which d. who
8. who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?
a. who b. / c. that d. when
9. the man ____ you talked just now is a worker.
a. who b. whom c. to whom d. to who
10. the man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.
a. with whom b. when c. to whom d. which
11. the doctor ____ is leaving for africa next month.
a. the nurse is talking to him b. whom the nurse is talking
c. the nurse is talking to d. who the nurse is talking
12. the man ____ around our school is from america.
a. which you showed b. you showed him c. you showed d. where you showed
13. he talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.
a. of whom b. from whom c. about that d. who
14. in fact the swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in french.
a. where b. who c. in which d. which
15. have you read the book ____ i lent to you?
a. that b. whom c. when d. whose
16. finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
a. that b. which c. whatever d. all
17. the foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.
a. most of them b. most of that c. most of whom d. most of those
18. this is the very letter ____came last night.
a. who b. which c. that d. as
19. i know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than i.
a. whoever b. whomever c. anyone d. the one
20. this is the school ____ we visited three days ago.
a. where b. / c. when d. what
21. this is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.
a. where b. that c. which d. on which
22. nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.
a. which b. in which c. that d. /
23. jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.
a. that, what b. what, that c. which, what d. that, which
24. do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?
a. that b. which c. its d. whose
25. in the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.
a. whom b. who c. to whom d. form whom
26. is this school ____ we visited three years ago?
a. the one b. which c. that d. where
27. is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?
a. the one b. where c. in which d. /
28, how many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?
a. whose b. who c. whom d. which
29. alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
a. it b. which c. that d. he
30. the train was crowded and i had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.
a. when there were b. which there were c. that there were d. where there were
31. i live in the house ____ windows face south.
a. which b. whose c. where d. in that
32. ---- what game is popular with them? ---- the ____ most is tennis.
a. game they like it b. game they like c. best game they like d. best game they like it
33. they stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine i had.
a. which b. which time c. during which time d. during which
34. the room ____ mr white lives is not very large.
a. that b. which c. where d. when
35. don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the youth league.
a. when b. that c. at which d. where
36. i’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.
a. that b. what c. which d. when
37. he returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.
a. which b. as c. that d. it
38. ____ we is known to all, english is not very difficult to learn.
a. what b. as c. that d. which
39. the old man had three sons, all of ____ died during world war ⅱ.
a. whose b. that c. whom d. who
40. i have bought two pens, ____ write well.
a. none of which b. neither of which c. both of which d. all of which
41. do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?
a. why b. which c. for that d. of which
42. he failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
a. which b. what c. it d. that
43. during the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.
a. following b. followed c. to follow d. that followed
44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
a. it b. which c. as d. that
45. he studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.
a. that was what b. what was that c. and which was d. which was what
46. we should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.
a. when b. as c. whose d. what
47. you must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.
a. when b. as c. whose d. what
48. he is absent ____ is often the case.
a. what b. which c. who d. as
49. it is the first time ____ i have come to your city.
a. that b. which c. what d. when
50. who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.
a. who b. that c. whom d. which
51. i shall never forget those years ____ i lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
a. that, which b. when, which c. which, that d. when, who
52. this is the only book ____ i can find.
a. that b. which c. it d. with which
53. i don’t like ____ you speak to her.
a. the way b. the way in that c. the way which d. the way of which
54. that is one of those books that ____ worth reading.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
55. this is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
56. there was ____ to prevent the accident.
a. something could do b. anything we could do
c. nothing we couldn’t do d. nothing we could do
參考答案
語法復習四：定語從句
一、1. the fan that you want is on the desk. 2. the man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. the magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. the students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. the woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. the letter i received yesterday is from my sister. 7. the play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. the train which was going to nanning was late. 9. the boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. the tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. that’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. this is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. i want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. he used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. they passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. the soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. in the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. she came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.
二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which
三、1~5 abacd 6~10 cdcca 11~15 ccada 16~20 accab 21~25 abbdc
26~30 adabd 31~35 bbdca 36~40 cabcc 41~45 aadcd 46~50 bbdab