2019屆中考英語定語從句詳解
一。關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1. 關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞句子成分 用于限制從句或非限制性從句 只用于限制性從句代替人 代替物 代替人或物主語 who which that主語 whom which that賓語 whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例1:this is the detective who came from london.例2:the book which i am reading is written by tomas hardy.例3:the desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4:this is the room that shakespeare was born in.限制性定語從句:關(guān)系代詞的用法(1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none, few等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,不用which.例如:all the people that are present burst into tears.(2) 如果先等詞被形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞以及first, last, any, only, the same, few, much, no, some, very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which, who,或whom.例如:shanghai is the biggest city (that) i have ever seen. this is the only book (that) i want to borrow. it's the third time (that) i have been here. this is the same book that you bought yesterday.(3)先行詞有兩個,一個指人,一個指物,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that.例如:the boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句中往往有逗號,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,只能用which(物)或who(人),作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如:there are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. which還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個主句,代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中,which可以作主語,也可以作賓語或表語,多數(shù)情況下意思是與and this 相似,并可以指人。例如:he succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)(1) "介詞+關(guān)系代詞"可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等,關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或 which,不可用 that . this room where /in which i have lived faces the south. this room at which/where i stand lived an old man. he built a telescope through where /which he could study the skies. this is the man whom / for whom we are looking.(2) from where為"介詞+關(guān)系副詞"結(jié)構(gòu),但也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。例如:we stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town……