2019屆中考英語定語從句詳解

    例1：this is the detective who came from london.例2：the book which i am reading is written by tomas hardy.例3：the desk whose leg is broken is very old.例4：this is the room that shakespeare was born in.限制性定語從句：關系代詞的用法（1） 如果先行詞是all， much， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none， few等不定代詞，關系代詞一般只用that，不用which.例如：all the people that are present burst into tears.（2） 如果先等詞被形容詞最高級、序數詞以及first， last， any， only， the same， few， much， no， some， very等詞修飾，關系代詞常用that，不用which， who，或whom.例如：shanghai is the biggest city （that） i have ever seen. this is the only book （that） i want to borrow. it's the third time （that） i have been here. this is the same book that you bought yesterday.（3）先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關系代詞應該用that.例如：the boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句中往往有逗號，不能用關系代詞that，只能用which（物）或who（人），作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。例如：there are about seven million people taking part in the election， most of whom are well educated. which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：he succeeded in the competition， which made his parents very happy.
    "介詞＋關系代詞"是一個普遍使用的結構（1） "介詞＋關系代詞"可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句。"介詞＋關系代詞"結構中的介詞可以是 in， on， about， from， for， with， to at， of， without 等，關系代詞只可用whom或 which，不可用 that . this room where /in which i have lived faces the south. this room at which/where i stand lived an old man. he built a telescope through where /which he could study the skies. this is the man whom / for whom we are looking.（2） from where為"介詞＋關系副詞"結構，但也可以引導定語從句。例如：we stood at the top of the hill， from where we can see the town……
    （3） 像listen to， look at， depend on， pay attention to， take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：this is the boy whom she has taken care of.二。關系副詞引導的定語從句1.關系副詞也可以引導定語從句關系副詞在從句中分別表示時間。地點或原因。關系副詞when在從句中充當時間狀語，where 充當地點狀語，why充當原因狀語。
    2. that可引導定語從句表示時間。地點或原因that有時可以代替關系副詞 when， where 或者why引導定語從句表示時間。地點或原因，在 that引導的這種定語從句中，that也可以省去。