2021屆中考英語主謂一致復習
“主謂一致”專項語法內(nèi)容歸納如下:
l、表示時間、距離、重量、長度、價值等的復數(shù)名詞作主語表示整體概念時,其謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。如: two months is quite a long time. 兩個月是相當長的一段時間。 2、以-s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義時,謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)形式。如news,maths,physics, works (工廠)等。 maths is very popular in our class. 在我們班數(shù)學很受歡迎。
主語是以-ics 結(jié)尾的學科名詞以及等都屬形式復數(shù),而意義單數(shù)的名詞,其謂語用單數(shù)形式。另外means一詞單復數(shù)同形應視具體情況而定。
mathematics seems to be difficult to learn.
a new means of teaching is being used in that school.
注:學科名詞前如有物主代詞修飾時,謂語常用復數(shù)。
my mathematics are week.
3、family,class,team,group,crowd, committee等集體名詞作主語,若指一個整體時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;若指具體成員時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。試比較:my family is a very big one,with ten people in it. 我家是一個大家庭,有十口人。 my family all like watching tv.我們?nèi)胰硕枷矚g看電視。
his family are all music lovers.
4、people, police等集體名詞作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如: people here are very friendly. 這兒的人們很友好。 the police are having a meeting. 警察們正在開會。
youth作“青年們”解作主語時,謂語用復數(shù)。
the youth of china today are doing their best to study modern science and technology.
5、單數(shù)名詞后跟with, along with(與……一道), together with, as well as(和;也), rather than(而不), but, except, not, like, besides, including 等引起的短語時,等引導的短語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如: my father, together with his friends, is going to visit the great wall. 我父親將和他的朋友們一起去參觀長城。 he as well as his sister is a league member.
6、由either,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等詞連接并列主語時,謂語動詞常和最接近的主語一致。如: neither you nor li hua has been to shanghai before. 你和李華以前都沒去過上海。is he or you wrong? 他錯了還是你錯了? either you or he has to go there with me.
8、以there,here, where開頭的句子,若主語不只一個,其謂語動詞通常和鄰近的那個主語一致。如:there is a pen and some books on the desk. 課桌上有一枝鋼筆和一些書。 here are some books and paper for you. 這是給你的書和紙。
here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.