Period 2: Grammar and usage

period 2: grammar and usage
step1: general introduction
1. nouns used as verbs (名詞轉化動詞)
warming up
warming up by reading and translating the following sentences taken from the text:
when zhou kai’s mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.
warming up by understand the following sentences:
  1) stop mothering me! i am not a child.
2) she fingered the silk gently.
3) you ought to diet and take more exercise.
summary about the nouns used as verbs
1. to be, become or to act as the person, animal, or the object denote by the noun
1) nouns of persons:
she mothered the orphan  (act in the manner of a mother)
他慈母般地照顧這個孤兒。
2) nouns of animals:
mark parroted what the boss had said（to repeat by rote）
鵝鵡學舌般地重復。
he wolfed his meal.（to eat greedily）
他狼吞虎叨地吃飯.
his cat has kittened. (to give birth)
他的貓已下仔兒。
3) nouns without life:
he felt he is being shadowed, but he could not see anyone behind him..(to follow and watch closely esp. secretly)
他覺得他正被人跟蹤，但是他看不到身后有任何人。
2. to perform an action by means of the object denoted by the noun
tom braked the car..（to mouse to slow or stop by a brake）
湯姆剎了車。
my mother is knifing a piece of meat.  (to cut with a knife)
母親在切一塊肉。
his job is to milk the cows.   (to take milk from)
他的工作就是擠奶。
3. to put in or on a place, container, or a specified location denoted by the noun
he is busy bottling wine..(to put...in the bottle)
他正忙于把酒裝瓶。
they canned apples.（to put in cans）
他把蘋果放在了罐子里。
4. to remove the object denoted by the noun from sth.
you should bone a turkey before eating it. (to remove the bones from)
你應該吃火雞前去骨。
she dusted the furniture with a duster. (to remove dust from)
她用禪子禪掉家具上的灰塵。
5. to give or provide what the noun denotes
the local government sheltered the homeless. (to give shelter to)
當地政府收容無家可歸的人。
pills are sometimes coated with sugar.  (to cover with)
有時，藥片上包了一層糖衣。
6. to make or change sth. or sb. into what the noun denotes
he was orphaned at an early age.（to cause to be an orphan）
他很小就成為“孤兒。
please cash the cheque for me.  (to exchange ... for cash)
請把支票給我兌換成現金。
7. to send or to go by what the noun denotes
will you please mail the letter？ (to send…  by mail)
你送這封信，好嗎?
8. to fulfill the function of the object denoted by the noun
while he was talking to his secretary he toyed with a pencil.  (to play with purposelessly) 他對他的秘書講話的時候擺弄鉛筆。