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Why do you do that

Why do you do that

教學目標

教學目標與要求
通過本單元教學,使學生學會使用表示目的用語,并運用到日常交際。復習一般現在時,一般過去時和含有情態動詞的被動語態的用法。使學生學會寫種植西紅柿的過程。

教學的重點和難點
Words and expressions
burn, free, operate, obey, punish, so that, in order to, make sure, stop. . . (from) doing
Daily expressions
1)I’ll keep the box in the shade so that the sun doesn’t bum the little plants.
2)I’ll water them to stop the soil getting too dry.
Grammar
1.Ways of expressing purposes
2.Revision of the Passive Voice


教學建議

能力訓練

1.利用對話、課文,組織學生進行聽、說、讀、寫的訓練。

2.利用新單詞、詞組及日常交際用語,組織學生造句、編對話、敘述課文、表達思想等。

德育教學

通過對話和課文的學習,喚起學生對大自然的愛心,使他們認識到保護環境的重要性。

互動活動

1、聽、讀 2、問答練習3、造句4、編演對話5、討論6、復述課文7、講故事

聽力建議

1.建議教師在聽之前,大概介紹所聽材料的內容或背景知識,這樣學生們能夠抓住要點,同時教師也為了讓學生們理解得更清楚,也可提前把問題寫在黑板或讓學生們先看問題,然后聽磁帶。

2.在20課131頁的聽力練習,主要內容講解一對英國夫婦的農場,教師在放磁帶之前,讓學生們看一看每道練習題的大致問的內容,放完一遍后,教師可問一到兩個學生農場的概況,然后教師根據問題的內容在分別放磁帶。

口語建議

1、教師堅持用英語組織課堂教學的方向,盡量給學生創造英語的真實情景。幫助學生聽懂課堂用語和日常交際用語。

2、本單元是對于表示目的一些交際用語,教師可以按以下程序:看、聽老師演示→聽錄音→ 訓練學生典型句型→ 讀課文 → 學生運用。

教材分析

本單元的內容是圍繞播種,植樹這一題材,讓學生了解植樹造林的意義。日常交際用語運用了陳述目的基本表達法,同時在對話及課文閱讀中使用了主要詞匯的用法,如;shade, in order to, in fact, stop, cut down, known down等。同時本單元出現的語法重點是復習被動語態及表示目的句型結構。

教學重點難點

take, bring, carry, fetch

這四個動詞都有“帶”的意思,但動作的方向不同。

1)take意為“拿去,帶去”,如圖所示: 

It’s going to rain. You’d better take your umbrella with you. 要下雨了,你最好帶上雨傘。

2)bring意為“帶來,拿來”,如圖所示: 

Bring me the newspaper, please.請把報紙給我拿來。

3)carry意為“攜帶”,無方向性。如:

He always caries a small notebook in his pocket.他口袋里老是帶著一個小筆記本。

4)fetch意為“去拿來”,如圖所示:     含有一去一來的意思。

如:People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood.人們要砍柴得走很遠。

burn v.--燒毀,焚毀.燒傷;(由酸類)灼傷;燃燒(以取火或熱)

l)此詞指正在燃燒的狀態而不表示“點燃”的動作,“點燃”一詞應是light。

I will keep the box in the shade so that the sun doesn't burn the little plants.我將把盒子放在陰涼處以防太陽曬壞小苗。

The two men had their limits burning all night long in order that everyone might see how hard they were working on the Emperor’ s new clothes. 這兩個人點了一夜燈以便讓大家知道 他們趕做皇帝的新裝是多么賣力。

2)對其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式burned,burned或burnt,burnt。但是過去分詞burnt常用作adj.,如

He took a burnt stick up from the ground.他從地上撿起一個燃燒過的棍子。

強調動作時多用burned,其后常接賓語。

They had burned all the old letters before they left.他們在離開前把所有的信都燒了。

feed.作為食物喂養;以……為食

In fact they grow better if you feed them. 事實上如果你們喂養他們,他們就能生長得更好。

She feeds her baby on (with) cows’ milk. =She feeds cows’ milk to her baby.

The sheep feed chiefly on grass. 羊主要以草為食。

soil, earth, ground ,land 和 field的區別

earth作“泥土”解,與soil通用。它還可以作“地球,大地”解,相對于天空而言,如:

He filled the hole with earth. 他用泥土填洞。

soil 指土壤,耕地,國土等。

Soil is earth in which flowers, trees and other plants can grow. 土壤是花草、樹木及其他植物得以生長的泥土。

land 指相對于大海而言的“陸地”,也可以指土地、 國土等。

After along journey, they found the rich land. 經過長途跋涉,他們找到了這塊沃土。

ground主要指地面、地板(floor),也可指田地(與land可通用),如:

There is a large play ground in front of our building.在我們樓前有一個大操場。

field指田地、原野、場地(=ground)。如:

They are working in the fields. 他們正在地里干活。

The rest are left to grow even taller. 余下的被留下來以讓它們長得更高。

1)the rest作“剩余部分,其余”講。它作主語時,其謂語動詞的數要依據它所指代的名詞的數來確定。例如:

The rest of the money was left to his son. 剩余的錢留給他兒子。

Only Tom is in the classroom. The rest of the students are still at play.只有湯姆在教室里。其余的學生還在玩。

2)句中的副詞even修飾比較級taller, 它沒有實際意義,只起加強語氣的作用?捎脕硇揎椥稳菰~或副詞比較級的詞或短語還有much, far, still, rather, a lot, a great, deal, a little, a bit等。例如:

It’s a bit cold today. 今天有點冷。

His book is far more interesting. 他的書更加有趣。

so that he can catch the first bus.

in order that he can catch the first bus.

so as to catch the first bus.

in order to catch the first bus.

to catch the first bus.

本單元重點的語法項目是表示目的的方式,下面將表示目的的幾種方式歸納如下。

1、動詞不定式(包括 so as to,in order to)。

2、用so that和 in order that引導目的狀語從句,從“句中一般含有情態動詞can,could,may,might等。下面以“為了能趕上第一班車,他每天都起得很早”為例。

He gets up early every morning

以上是用肯定句結構。

用否定結構,注意“不定式的否定結構在to前加not; so that/ in order that 只有在主句主語和從句主語一致的情況下可以換成 so as to/in order to;in order to可放于句首,so as to則不可)

so that he can’t miss the first bus.

in order that he can't miss the first bus.

so as not to miss the first bus.

in older not to miss the first bus.

so that也可用來引導結果狀語從句。在so that引導的結果狀語從句中,謂語動詞前不用情態動詞,主從句間可有逗號隔開。例如:

Everyone said no, so that the plan was dropped. 大家都反對,計劃就不再討論了。

cut down, cut in, cut off與cut out的區別

cut down意為砍倒,削減,指將樹砍倒或裁軍

to cut down a tree with an axe 用斧頭把樹砍倒

cut in 意為打斷,指從語言中打斷

Don't cut in while I'm talking. 我說話時別插嘴。

cut off意為“切斷、切下”指切斷電源,水源,煤氣等。

He cut off the gas when a fire breaks out.

cut out意為切下,刪下,指刪掉,剪下文章等。

He cut out an article from the newspaper.

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