Unit 2 English around the world
a. because表示一種動作或狀態的根本原因。
b. why雖然譯成“因為”，但實質上表示結果。
c. that引導的表語從句表示原因，主語通常是reason或what引導的主語從句。在the reason why…is/was that…結構中，也只能用that引導。
e.g. he loves her because she is pretty.
she is pretty. that is why he loves her.
the reason why he loves her is that she was pretty.
7.even if
若主句、從句皆表示將來情況，even if從句可用一般現在時代替將來時。
e.g. we have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.
辨析：even if與even though
even if從句的內容不肯定；而even though從句的內容則是事實。
e.g. he will not let out the secret even if he knows it.他是否知道秘密還不確定。
he will not let out the secret even though he knows it.他知道這個秘密。
8.come up
(1)走近；趕上，上來
the coming up spring is full of hope.
(2)發芽
the seedlings are coming up full and green.
(3)（尤指意想不到地）發生
i will let you know if any change comes up.
(4)被提出討論，被談到；引起注意
the subject of planting came up in the conversation.
(5)（太陽、月亮）升起
we watched the sun come up.
(6)出席，參加，到場
we came up for the party.( total eclipse)
9.over prep.& adv.
(1)prep 相當于during，意為“在……期間”
(2)表示時間時，還可表示“一邊……，一邊……，正在進行……的過程”
the girls sang over dancing.
(3)超過
you are over ten.
(4)adv. 完了，結束
class is over.
10. base vt. & n.
辨析：base與basis
base:表示具體含義，意為“根基、基礎、底座”
e.g. the base of a building
basis:表示抽象含義，即“非物質方面的基礎”
e.g. the economic basis 經濟基礎
11.present
(1)adj. （前置定語）現在的，當前的；（后置定語）出席的，在場的
e.g. did you see the present ceo?
did you see the ceo present?
be present at 出席，反義詞組為：be absent from缺席
(2)n. (c)禮物
(3)n. 目前，現在
e.g. the boy present at the meeting was considering asking his father for a book on the present tense as a birthday present.
12. enrich
en-+ adj. /n.---- vt. enable, enclose, encourage, enforce, enlarge, ensure, entitle
13. make use of
take advantage of 利用，趁機，占……的便宜
make the best of 指（對不利的條件等）充分利用
make the most of 指盡量利用有理的條件
14.instead of
e.g. they went on foot instead of by bus.
instead of的考查主要集中在它連接的平行結構上，即：兩個主語，兩個賓語，兩個狀語，兩個謂語或兩個定語。
instead為副詞，通常放在句末，在承接上文時，也可放在句首，意味“代替”。
e.g. we have no coffee, would you have tea instead?
15. command
have (a) good command of….精通
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
at one’s command 隨心所欲地（的）；聽從某人吩咐
request
by request應邀