Module 1 People and Places
重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn):1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)2. 詞語(yǔ)辨析具體內(nèi)容:<一> 都是“現(xiàn)在”卻不同——比較一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)到現(xiàn)在為止,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)了。這兩種時(shí)態(tài)在敘述現(xiàn)在的生活時(shí)都能起到很大作用。那么,什么時(shí)候用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),什么時(shí)候用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)呢?中學(xué)生jackie正在拍攝一組有關(guān)自己的學(xué)校生活的dv。我想,在他的兩段敘述中你就能找到答案了。 (1)as a student, i go to school on weekdays. i usually get up at half past seven in the morning and have breakfast. i go to school at half past eight and lessons start at nine o’clock. we have three lessons in the morning. i like these lessons. 作為一個(gè)學(xué)生,我周一到周五去上學(xué)。通常我早晨七點(diǎn)半起床并吃早飯。我八點(diǎn)半去學(xué)校。九點(diǎn)鐘開始上課。上午我們有三節(jié)課。我喜歡這些課。(2)it’s half past three now. we’re not having any lessons. sara is switching off our computer. karl is putting on his coat. we are all getting ready for leaving. we are going home. 現(xiàn)在3點(diǎn)半。我們沒有課了。sara 正在關(guān)電腦。karl正在穿外套。我們正準(zhǔn)備離開。我們要回家了。這兩段敘述:一段是對(duì)日常生活的介紹,一段是對(duì)某一時(shí)刻動(dòng)作的描述。稍加注意就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn):在介紹日常生活時(shí)用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而描述某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作就用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。現(xiàn)在我們就對(duì)這兩個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)在用法上進(jìn)行區(qū)分。(一)意義1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可用來(lái)表示人或物經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如:
he goes to school by bus every day. 他每天乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。(經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作)
i often lie in bed on sunday morning. 我周日上午常躺在床上。(習(xí)慣性狀態(tài))
也可表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在具有的性格或能力等。如:
they like sports. 他們喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。(個(gè)性)she speaks a little japanese. 她會(huì)說一點(diǎn)兒日語(yǔ)。(能力) 2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示現(xiàn)在(說話的瞬間)或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生(進(jìn)行)的動(dòng)作(狀態(tài))。如:
they are cleaning the classroom now. 現(xiàn)在他們正在打掃教室。(正在發(fā)生) we are learning something about the spring festival these days. 這些天我們?cè)趯W(xué)有關(guān)春節(jié)的知識(shí)。(現(xiàn)階段進(jìn)行)(二)常用語(yǔ)境1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(1)說明性文章。如:lions come from africa. 獅子來(lái)自非洲。(可出現(xiàn)在介紹自然的文章中)father christmas gives presents to the children. 圣誕老人給孩子們禮物。(可出現(xiàn)在介紹節(jié)日的文章中)(2)新聞報(bào)道中對(duì)某人(物)日常生活的描述。如:liu xiang likes singing and he often sings with his friends. 劉翔喜歡唱歌。他常和朋友一起唱。2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(1)用于電話、網(wǎng)上聊天等非面對(duì)面的情況。如:— are you listening to me? 你在聽我講話嗎?(可能是通話中)— yes, i am. 是的。(2)對(duì)圖片、電視畫面等進(jìn)行解釋說明。如:in the photo i am crying. 照片里的我正在哭。(可能是在對(duì)另一人講關(guān)于照片的事情)<二> 給動(dòng)詞加上-ing,并歸類。ask buy begin call check choose close come dance draw dress drink eat enjoy get go have invite learn leave lie listen look make meet play practise print put read ride run say shop sing sleep snow stand start study swim take talk tell think type use visit wait walk wash watch wear work