At the shop

教學目標

teaching aims and demands
本單元通過學習馬克·吐溫的《百萬英鎊》并改編成短劇形式的課文，學生能初步了解作者的風格。學生應能在教師的指導下，排演這個短劇。通過對話課的學習與操練，學生接觸表示堅持個人意見的常用語句，并要求學生運用到實際會話中。學習并初步掌握as if和no matter引導讓步狀語從句的用法。
teaching important and difficult points
1.單詞
run, choice, note, change, fool, order, pleasant, right, assistant, customer, foolish, insist, tailor depend, favo(u)r , apologize, excited
2.詞組
shop assistant, a clothes shop, give back, or else, change…for …, in the sun, try on, depend on, take place, get off, put on, drop in, once upon a time, do up, in fact, keep back, play the part of, next to
3.交際用語
there seems to be something wrong with it.
i would like you to change this blouse.
you sold me a blouse that i can’t use any more.
i am afraid i can’t do that right now.
why can’t you do something about it?
is anything the matter?
4.語法
學習as if和no matter的用法。

教學建議

課文建議
在lesson 38課，建議教師應組織學生1）以節(jié)目的形式演出這段對話。2）教師可選取錄像或多媒體形式完成此課的教學任務。3）教師把學生分成三人一組，適當準備一些道具排演本課的最后結局的短劇。4）教師要求學生找出能刻畫服裝店老板人物特征和心理變化的相關語句。如：there’s a customer, tod, will you serve him? / no matter what he is wearing , tod, just show him the cheapest./come, come. get him his change, tod..

對話分析
本單元對話是講述在服裝店調(diào)換衣服的經(jīng)過，學生對其內(nèi)容較易理解，但一些新單詞的用法應掌握，如：customer, run, insist, change…for…。本課中也提供了給學生做相應對話的練習，如：a pair of trousers, a radio的口語練習。

教學重點難點
1.serve的用法
1)serve(sb.) as sth.表示“為（某人）工作，（尤指）當傭人”。
he served as a gardener and chauffeur.他做園藝工人兼司機。
2)serve還可表示“供職，服役”。
he has served his country well.他為國盡職。
3)serve sb. (with sth.). 表示“將（飯菜）端上桌。”
four waiters served lunch for us.有四位服務員招待我們吃午飯。
4)serve 還可用于“（在商店等處）接待（顧客）或為顧客取貨物”的意思中。
are you being served?有售貨員接待您嗎？
he served some sweets to the children.他為孩子們拿來了他們想要的糖。
5)serve 還指“（一份飯）夠……”。
this packet of soup serves two.這包湯料夠兩個人食用。

2.judge的用法
1)judge用作動詞，表示作“斷定，估計，認為”解。其后可帶賓語從句，也可帶不定式或形容詞、名詞等引導的賓補成分。
we judge that they have finished.我們估計他們已經(jīng)干完了。
we judge them to have finished.我們估計他們已經(jīng)干完了。
she judged him about fifty.她估計他在五十歲左右。
the committee judged it better to start the investigation at once.委員會認為最好立即開始此項調(diào)查。
from his letter, we judged his visit to china a great success.從他的來信判斷他對中國的訪問非常成功。
2)judge用作“判斷，斷定”解時，還可接wh—分句或wh—加不定式結構。
i can’t judge whether she was right or wrong.我不能斷定她是對還是錯。
3)judge還可表示“評判，評價”，可說judge sb. / sth.
don’t judge a man by his looks.勿以貌取人。
4)judging by / from…（從……來看，據(jù)……來判斷）是慣用短語，可用來引導獨立分句。
judging from his looks ,he may be sick.從外表看，他或許生病了。
judging by his accent, he must be from guangdong.聽口音，他準是個廣東人。

3.get off的用法
1)get off意為“脫下”。
it’s rather hot today, we must get off the jacket.今天太熱了，我們必須脫下夾克衫。
2)注意：get off還可作“下車”；“離開”；“出發(fā)”；“起飛”解。
as soon as i got off the bus, i started for the village on foot. 我一下公共汽車，就開始步行到村里去。
we must get off at once or we' ii be late我們必須馬上走，否則要遲到了。
we got off immediately after breakfast.我們一吃過早飯就出發(fā)了。
the plane got off on time. 飛機準時起飛。

4.favor的用法
1）in favor (of )表示“贊成、主張”，常用作表語或后置定語。
the students were in favor of reform. 學生贊成改革。
2）do sb. a favor或do a favor for sb. 是個正式的禮貌用語，意思是 “給某人以恩惠，幫某人的忙”。
would you do me a favor? 幫我一下好嗎？
do me a favor by turning off the radio. 幫我把收音機關掉。
do me the favor to come. 務請光臨。
注：do sb. a favor后接of doing 或不定式時，應將不定冠詞a改為定冠詞the。

5.put down的用法
1）意為“寫下；記下”。
put down your name and your telephone number.寫下你的名字和電話號碼。
put this down in your notebook for future reference.這點記在你的筆記本上，以供今后參考。
2）可作“鎮(zhèn)壓；撲滅”。
the fire was finally put down by the firemen.大火最后終于被消防隊員撲滅了。

6.as if的用法
as if 是連詞詞組，作“好像”、“好似”解，引導表語從句，用于下列句型中：
it looks/seems as if ....表示“看起來似乎……”。其中it為無人稱代詞，本身并無詞義。looks / seems是連系動詞，as if引出表語從句。
it looks as if it is going to show. 看來，要下雪。
it seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure. 這套衣服看來似乎是按尺寸給他定做的。
除此之處，as if也可以引導方式狀語從句，修飾主句的謂語，此時從句中的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣。關于這一點，暫可不必向學生交代。
the woman loves the children as if she were their mother.這個婦女愛這些孩子，她好像就是他們的媽媽一樣。

7. no matter 的用法
no matter作“無論”、“不管”解，用以引導表示讓步的狀語從句，常用在下列句型中： 句型中的no matter what (who/when etc.)...分別表示“無論何事”、“無論何人”、“無論何時”等，這個從句可以置主句之前，也可以置主句之后。
由no matter + what等引導的讓步狀語從句。no matter后面接關系代詞或關系副詞引導狀語從句在句中作讓步狀語。
no matter what you do, you must be very careful.不管做什么事，你都必須非常細心。
no matter之后可用what以外的關系代詞或關系副詞。例如：
no matter who you are (=whoever you are), i’ll never let you in.無論你是誰，我絕不讓你進去。
no matter which…無論哪一個……
no matter which you choose(=whichever you choose), you will be satisfied.不論你選擇哪一個，你都會滿意的。
no matter where…無論何處；不管在哪里……
no matter where i go (=wherever i go) , i will be thinking of you. 無論我到哪里，我都會想著你。
no matter when …無論何時，不管什么時候……
i’ll discuss it with you no matter when you like(=whenever like). 你什么時候高興，我愿意同你討論這件事。
no matter how..不管……如何；無論……多么……
no matter how hard you try(=however hard you try), you will never be successful. 不管你如何努力，你都不會成功的。

8.drop in, drop in on 與drop in at的區(qū)別
drop in 意為“順便走訪” he often drops in for tea. 他經(jīng)常順便來喝茶。
drop in on 后接人意為“順便拜訪某人”。
she dropped in on me yesterday.
drop in at后接表示地點的名詞意為“順便來（去）某處看看”。
tom usually drops in at my place on his way home. 答題時要注意drop in后所接的名詞表示的意思。
jane used to ____ the tailor’s on her way home from work.
a. drop in b. drop in on c. drop in at d. drop at
詹妮以前常下班后去成衣店看看。the tailor’s 表示地點，故正確答案為c。

9.run的用法
1）表示“跑，奔跑，賽跑”。
the boy ran off as soon as we appeared.我們一來，孩子們都跑了。
she used to run when she was at college.在大學時她經(jīng)常練跑步。
2）run還可表示“（火車、汽車、輪船等）往來行駛”
buses to oxford run every half hour.去牛津的公共汽車每半小時一班。
the trains don’t run on christmas day.圣誕節(jié)火車停駛。
3）run可用業(yè)表示“（液體）流動”。
could you run me a hot bath?你給我放盆熱水洗澡好嗎？
your nose is running.你又流鼻涕了。
4）run表示“（衣服上的染料或顏色）掉色，擴散”。
i’m afraid the color ran when i washed your new skirt.很遺憾， 我洗你那條新裙子的時候它掉色了。
5）run可表示“融化”。
it was so hot that the butter ran.天太熱，黃油開始化了。
the wax began to run. 蠟開始融化了。
6）run還可表示“負責、經(jīng)營、管理”。
he has no idea of how to run the successful business.他不知道把企業(yè)辦好的方法。
stop trying to run my life for me.我的生活用不著你來管。

10.come, come. get him his change. tod. ( =hurry up. tod, give the man his change.) 得了，得了，給他找錢吧，托德。
句中的come用作感嘆語，表示“勸導”，“不耐煩”的情緒。come作感嘆語用時，在不同的情況下，可以表示不同的感表，如“鼓勵”、“驚異”、“命令”等。例如：
come, come, alice, you must be patient. 好了，愛麗絲，你得忍耐點。
本句中的change是不可數(shù)名詞，作“零錢”，“找給的錢”解。又如：
here is your change. 這是找給你的零錢。
change還可以用作及物動詞，作“零錢”，“換錢”解。
could you change a 10-yuon note, please? 你能換開10元錢嗎？
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