Saving the earth

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

Teaching aims and demands
本單元的教學(xué)目標(biāo)是使學(xué)生掌握表示判斷和個(gè)人看法的常用語句，學(xué)會(huì)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。能利用職權(quán)課文中所提供和信息，對(duì)比民航在購買計(jì)算機(jī)管理系統(tǒng)前后的情況，進(jìn)行描寫或表述。
1)Important vocabularies
damage, waste, pollute, fit, room, turn---into, cattle, cause, limit, in place, blow away, sight, present, pour, die out, in danger, no more than, purpose, go off, measure, point to, joy
2）Daily expressions
What was the conference like? (What do you think of /about ---? How do you like ---? How about ---?)
It’s a good idea. (I agree with you. That’s quite true. )
We’ve got to do something about pollution.
What else did you hear about at the meeting?
If ---, ----.
3) Useful phases
It was called ---.
That’s a problem we Chinese must pay special attention to.
It won’t be fit for us to live in.
Many of the injured lost their sight.
A lot of disease are present in the water.
The waters of this great lake.
In 1989 an oil tanker hit a rock off the northwest coast of Alaska.
The most important one is the part that humans have played.
First, ---. Second, ----.
In all there are probably no more than a total of 400 tigers left in China.
Last Monday our class went on an organized trip to a forest to study the wildlife.
He was busy measuring a plant and taking photographs of it.
To my great joy, ---.
4) Grammar
The Past Particle as Predicative and Attribute

教學(xué)建議

能力訓(xùn)練
1.通過口頭練習(xí)，學(xué)會(huì)日常生活中各種表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)和看法的方式。
2.學(xué)會(huì)簡單的通過表面現(xiàn)象分析內(nèi)在緣由, 并用現(xiàn)實(shí)的事例進(jìn)行應(yīng)證，初步掌握這種文體的寫作技巧。
3. 通過35課的學(xué)習(xí)可以簡單地描述一個(gè)完整的事件。

德育滲透
1.通過課文的學(xué)習(xí)，使得學(xué)生深層地了解地球環(huán)保這一重要主題, 讓他們懂得地球環(huán)保不是一個(gè)和幾個(gè)方面的事情, 而是隨時(shí)隨地, 方方面面, 彼此互相聯(lián)系和溝通,并且影響著我們?nèi)祟惖纳�活的大問題。
2.通過對(duì)于環(huán)保的了解,使同學(xué)們的意識(shí)增強(qiáng), 認(rèn)識(shí)到環(huán)境污染的嚴(yán)重危害性和從自身做起保護(hù)環(huán)境的必要性。

師生互動(dòng)活動(dòng)
Lesson 33：口頭練習(xí)：對(duì)話交際功能——日常生活用語(給出自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法)。
Lesson 34：學(xué)生扮演新聞?dòng)浾卟稍L土壤沙化的當(dāng)?shù)氐木用?印度的受傷的病人, 國家的環(huán)保機(jī)關(guān)的負(fù)責(zé)人詢問有關(guān)課文的信息。另外可以讓學(xué)生扮演俄羅斯的環(huán)保專家。
Lesson 35：學(xué)生扮演國家歷史博物館的講解員同時(shí)其他學(xué)生可以作為參觀者詢問問題,了解某種動(dòng)物的發(fā)展興衰史。
Lesson 36：口頭,筆頭練習(xí)：討論個(gè)別環(huán)保問題并匯報(bào)寫出一篇小論文。

口語建議
可以讓學(xué)生們就西北某一貧困林區(qū)毀林種莊稼的做法發(fā)表正反兩方面的討論，運(yùn)用所學(xué)的口頭的表達(dá)方式。

語法建議
可以讓學(xué)生們將34和35課課文的有關(guān)過去分詞作定語和表語的結(jié)構(gòu)挑出，寫在黑板上用學(xué)生找的現(xiàn)實(shí)的課文原例分析語法。

教材分析
從本單元的對(duì)話來看，主要是學(xué)習(xí)如何用英語表達(dá)出自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法, 是同意還是不同意。如同意對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn): I think so. I agree completely. I’m with you. That’s a good idea---. I think it is great. 如果不同意: I don't know about that. I don’t think so. Sorry, but I disagree. I know what you mean, but don’t you think ---. I see your point, but I think ---. You’re right, but I think---.
同時(shí)注重 damage, pollute, desert, in place, limit, fit, present, pour, die out, measure, go off, point to, to one’s joy 等重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語在本單元中學(xué)習(xí)，本單元中的閱讀課主要內(nèi)容是通過列舉如:人為污染地球的土地,空氣和水資源以及自然界對(duì)人類的報(bào)復(fù); 動(dòng)物界遭到人類的侵害,造成了生態(tài)不平衡等事例, 而達(dá)到警醒同學(xué)和世人,讓同學(xué)們從小就培養(yǎng)一種環(huán)保意識(shí), 維護(hù)環(huán)境生態(tài)的平衡。同時(shí)在這里運(yùn)用了重點(diǎn)語法知識(shí)，Past Particle形式充當(dāng)表語和定語的用法。

重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解
1. It was called and it was all about the damage that is being caused to the world.
1) It was called(believed, thought, considered, known, said ---) that --- 可以看成是主語從句，真正的主語后致，it是形式主語。可以翻譯成：據(jù)說---, 據(jù)認(rèn)為---。
It is believed that the troops have already crossed the border.
據(jù)說軍隊(duì)已經(jīng)越過邊境。
It is known that he is honest.( He is known to be honest.)
聽說他是一個(gè)誠實(shí)的人。
1) damage
n. (不可數(shù)) 損壞，損害
The earthquake caused great damage.
地震造成巨大的損失。
When she sees the damage that you have done she will be mad.
當(dāng)她看到你所造成的損失，她會(huì)發(fā)瘋的。
vt. 損壞
A heavy rain came down and damaged the crops. 一場大雨突至，損壞了莊稼。
Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness.她長時(shí)間的疾病造成了她的心臟受到了輕微的損害。
2. We listen to lectures about pollution, agriculture, nuclear waste, radiation and so on.
waste
vt. 浪費(fèi)
1) Mother told me not to waste money. 母親不讓我亂花錢。
2) Don’t waste time playing computer plays.不要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間打電腦游戲。
waste something on something/in doing something 用法與spend類似，可以讓學(xué)生記成“雙費(fèi)（浪費(fèi)和花費(fèi)）”。
n. (通常不可數(shù)) 浪費(fèi), 廢物
1） This waste of good food should not be allowed. 浪費(fèi)食物是不允許的。
2） Where do you put your kitchen waste? 你把廚房的廢物放在哪里？
3) It’s a waste of money to buy the book. 買那本書是浪費(fèi)金錢。
a waste of time/money/energy是固定表達(dá)，同a wonderful education類似。
3. It won’t be fit for us to live in.
fit
adj. 適合于---的。 be fit for something:適合某事
1) He isn’t fit for the job. 他不適宜此工作。
2) These shoes are not fit for me. 這些鞋不適合我。
3) The house isn’t fit for you to live in. 這間房子不適合你居住。
be fit for somebody to do something:某人適合做某事
4) This water is fit for drink. 這種水可以喝。
5) It’s not fit for you to talk like that.你這樣談話是不得當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR>adj. 健康的，精力充沛的
6) Exercise keeps you fit. 體育運(yùn)動(dòng)使你保持健康。
vt. 對(duì)--- 適合，符合，適宜合適，強(qiáng)調(diào)大小、尺寸
7) This jacket fits me well. 這件夾克適合我。
8) The key doesn’t fit the lock. 鑰匙與鎖不符。
9) This theory fits facts. 這條理論適合實(shí)際。
vi. 合適
10) The shoes fit perfectly. 這雙鞋不合適。
11) He doesn’t fit into the team. 他不宜在隊(duì)中。
fit somebody to do something/fit somebody for something:使某人適合做某事
12）Vocational training will fit them for a good job.
Vocational training will fit them to get a good job. 職業(yè)的培訓(xùn)使他們能找到一個(gè)好工作。
vt.安裝
12) We fitted a new lock on the door. 我們給門安上了一個(gè)新鎖。
注意suit表示的是顏色樣式和款式的合適。
The color of the cloth suits a woman at my wife’s age. 這塊布料的顏色適合我妻子年齡的婦女。
Red and black are colors that suit me well.紅和黑色對(duì)我來說非常合適。
4. The area of desert in the world is growing every year.
desert n.沙漠
1) He drove a car across the desert. 他開車穿越了沙漠。
vt. 拋棄、背棄
2) He deserted his family. 他拋棄了他的家庭。
vi. 開小差
3) The soldier deserted from the army. 士兵們從軍隊(duì)中開小差跑了。
deserted adj. 無人使用的，已廢棄的
4) The railway station was deserted. 那個(gè)火車站已經(jīng)廢棄不用了。
5. Then one year, the rains fail to come.
fail vi. 失利，失敗 fail to do something 做某事沒成功
1) She failed to pass all the exams. 她考試全部失利。
fail in something 在某事上沒成功
2) He failed in business. 他在事業(yè)上一敗涂地。
failure n. 失敗 在某一方面失利介詞用常用in
3) Her failure in the exam made her cry. 在考試中的失利使她痛哭。
6. One suggested answer is for farmers to limit the numbers of their cattle.
limit vt. 限制
1) We must limit our spending. 我們必須限制我們的開銷。
2) Mother limits us to eat one cake each. 母親限制我們只能一人一塊蛋糕。
n. 限制
3) The speed limit within the city is 35 miles per hour. 在城市里的限速是每小時(shí)35英里。
7. When trees are cut down, there is nothing to hold the soil in place on the hillside.
place in place 在原處
1) She likes everything to be in place. 她喜歡將每種東西放回原處。
2) I hope you will keep the books in place. 我希望你將書放回原處。
in place of somebody:代替某人
3) Will you go in place of me?你是否代替我去？
take place:發(fā)生
4) A car accident took place yesterday. 昨天發(fā)生了一起車禍。
take the place of somebody:代替某人
5) I’ll take the place of Mr. Wang. 我將代替王先生的位置。
take one’s place:接替某人
6) I’ll take Mr. Wang’s place. 我將接替王先生。
8. However, many of these are dying out.
die out vi.（火）熄滅
1) The fire died out at last. 最后火還是熄滅了。
vi. 絕種
2) This kind of bird is dying out, and we must protect them. 這種鳥類已經(jīng)正在滅絕，我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)他們。
9. The purpose of the trip was to record all the wildlife and plants that we could find in the forest.
Purpose n. 目的， 通常是可數(shù)名詞。目的是什么 用介詞for.
1) What was the purpose of his visit? 他來訪的目的是什么？
2) He came to Beijing for business purpose. 他來北京是有商業(yè)目的的。
on purpose: 專門
3) I had no doubt that she did this thing on purpose. 我毫不懷疑她做這件事是有目的的。
10. In the afternoon, we all went off separately to look for new plants.
Go off 動(dòng)詞短語
走開
1) She got angry and went off after she heard what I said. 聽到我所說的她一生氣離開了。
響起巨大的聲音
2) Although the clock went off, he didn’t wake up.盡管鬧鐘暴響， 他仍然沒有起來。
熄滅
3) The lights went off suddenly. 燈突然地熄滅了。
腐敗
4) “The milk has gone off .” my mother said, “ and don’t drink it!” 媽媽說道：“別喝那牛奶了，它已經(jīng)壞了。”
11. He was busy measuring a plant and taking photographs of it.
Be busy doing, keep busy doing sth. 忙于做某事。
We are busy making preparations for the coming exam. 我們正在忙于為即將來到的考試做準(zhǔn)備。
measure vt. 測(cè)量
1) The policeman measured the speed of the car. 警察測(cè)量車速。
vt. 有……的長度，相當(dāng)于系動(dòng)詞。
2) The room measures 6m long. 這間房子有六米長。
n.計(jì)量單位
3) The meter is a measure of length. 米是一種計(jì)量單位。
take the measure of something:測(cè)量某物的長度
4) I take the measure of the desk following the teacher’s instructions. 我遵循老師的指令測(cè)量桌子。
n.手段、方式
5）They took a strong measure to deal with the workers.他們采取了強(qiáng)硬的手段來對(duì)付工人。
12. 分詞作為形容詞時(shí)， A. 及物動(dòng)詞中現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，和動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或動(dòng)作已完成。 B. 不及物動(dòng)詞中現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表示已完成。
例如：A:
There are many wounded soldiers in the battlefield.
My spoken English has greatly improved.
Don’t sit in that broken chair. It’s dangerous.
She is a leading figure in the Party.
Barking dogs seldom bite.
B:
The risen sun, fallen leaves, retired workers, escaped prisoner , a rolling stone, boiling water, boiled water.
另外還有一些假過去分詞。如 1)“adj-noun-ed” a warm-hearted man. 2) “數(shù)詞-noun-ed” The one-eyed man is hiding behind the door. 3) “數(shù)詞-度量衡名稱” a twenty-cent book
分詞作表語， 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行， 過去分詞作表語表示被動(dòng)已經(jīng)完成。
The day was so charming! The news is encouraging.
The door remained locked. He seemed quite delighted at the idea. The room was packed with people.

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