Module 3 Foreign Food

module 3 foreign food
period 2 grammar and usage--review of attributive clause
▇goals
● to review attributive clause
▇procedures
step 1: some practical explanations of attributive clause
一、經常使用定語從句的場合:
1.先行詞為獨一無二的物體時。如：the sun, which rises in the east, gives us heat and light.太陽從東邊升起，給我們發出光和熱。
2.先行詞是指物的專有名詞時。如：
the great wall, which is called in chinese “the ten thousand li great wall”, is actually more than 6,000 kilometers long.
長城，中國人稱作“萬里長城”，實際上 6,000多公里。
3.先行詞指物且被指示代詞或人稱代詞所修飾時。如：this is her house, which was built last year. 這是她的房子，是去年建的。
4.定語從句修飾整個主句時。如：he is from america, which i know from his accent. 他是美國人，這一點我從他的口音可以斷定。
二、定語從句引導詞的選擇:
1.關系代詞的選擇
1)非限制性定語從句的關系代詞不能用that。指人時，如引導詞做主語用who、作賓語用whom；指物時要用which.注意引導詞作賓語也不能省略。如：
mr. zhang, who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father’s. 張先生昨天來看我，他是我父親的一位老朋友。（作主語）
miss howe, whom you met at the station, is from america. 豪小姐是美國人，你在車站見過她。（作賓語）
the great wall of china, which was built by ancient chinese people, is regarded as one of the few wonders of the world. 長城是古代中國人民修建的，它被看作是世界上為數不多的奇跡之一。
2)as和which的選擇
as和which都可用來引導非限制性定語從句，來指代整個主句的內容。非限制性定語從句位于句末、且as或 which在從句中作主語、賓語或表語時，兩者常可互換。如：
she failed in the exam, which/ as was natural.他考試沒及格，這很自然。（作主語）
he is an honest boy, which/ as anybody can see. 任何人都能看得出來，他是個誠實的孩子。（作賓語）
the man seemed a german, which/ as in fact he was. 那個人似乎是個德國人，實事上他就是德國人。（作表語）
但要注意以下區別：
①如非限制性定語從句位于主句之前或插在主句之中時，只能用as。如。
as we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.
我們已經看到，海洋占地球面積的百分之七十多。
this kind of computer, as is well-known, is out of date.
眾所周知，這種計算機現在已經過時了。
②as在從句中作主語，后面常跟行為動詞的被動式; which在從句中作主語，后常跟行為動詞的主動式。如：
she has been late again, as was expected. 她又遲到了，這在預料之中。
it rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.
昨天雨下得很大，使我無法去公園。
kate always tells a lie, which her parents find strange. 凱特總是說謊，她父母覺得這很奇怪。
③當從句和主句語義一致時用 as，表“正如”；反之用which。如：