Unit 2 King Lear

真題：
1. _____ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. (春招)
a. given    b. to give    c. giving    d. having given
解析：過去分詞短語表示“被動”，做“條件狀語”。故選a。
2. _____ late in the morning, bob turned off the alarm. (春招)
a. to sleep    b. sleeping    c. sleep    d. having slept
解析：不定式短語做目的狀語，放在句首表示“強調”。故選a。
3. _____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (全國)
a. having suffered    b. suffering   c. to suffer    d. suffered
解析：現在分詞完成式表示“已發生”、“主動”。其邏輯主語是the river。故選a。
4. _____ from heart trouble for years, professor white has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. (上海)
a. suffered    b. suffering    c. having suffered    d. being suffered
解析：理由同上題，但其邏輯主語是professor white。故選c。
5. he sent me an e-mail, ____ to get further information. (上海)
a. hoped    b. hoping    c. to hope    d. hope
解析：現在分詞短語做“伴隨目的狀語”。故選b。
6. _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (北京)
a. having given    b. to give    c. giving   d. given
解析：參見本小節第1小題。he承受given表示的動作。故選d。
7. you were silly not _____ your car. (湖南)
a. to lock   b. to have locked   c. locking    d. having locked
解析：不定式短語做原因狀語，完成式表示該動作發生在were之前。故選b。
8. after his journey from abroad, richard jones returned home, _____ . (上海)
a. exhausting    b. exhausted     c. being exhausted    d. having exhausted
解析：過去分詞做伴隨結果狀語，等于and were exhausted。故選b。
9. the news reporters hurried to the airport, only _____ the film star had left. (福建)
a. to tell    b. to be told    c. telling    d. told
解析：不定式的被動結構表示tell回指到reporters上；only修飾不定式強調結果。故選b。
4、從句做狀語
（比較常用的引導詞有：when, whenever, before, after, once, until, till, while, as, since, ever since, where, wherever, so, so(…)that, such…that/as, provided, if, as if/though, unless, though, although, whereas, because, than, no sooner …than…, hardly… when…, the moment, immediately, as soon as, as…as…, not so …as…, in order that…, for fear that…, no matter+特殊疑問詞，whether… or not…, for all that…, in case, as long as…, whoever等等）