高一英語必修3第三單元名詞性從句導學單
名詞性從句(1)learning aims:
learn and master the object and predicative clause.
the usage:
i. 基本用法：
1.表語從句
就是在連系動詞之后作表語的從句。表語從句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever ，as if， as though。如：her wish is that she could lose weight soon.
that is what he is worried about.
the question is whether he is able to do it alone.
it looks as if (though) it is going to snow.
注意：要區分以下句式：
1. that’s why+結果；that’s because+原因。
2. the reason why /for…is that…
he is absent. that’s because he is ill.
he is ill. that’s why he is absent.
the reason why he is absent is that he is ill.
ii.賓語從句
就是在復合句中作賓語的從句。引導這賓語從句的連接詞有that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever。
they didn’t say which they wanted. 他們沒有說他們想要哪一個。
i am sure (that) no harm will ever come to you.
i was surprised at what has happened.
注意：當think, believe, suppose等的疑問式后面跟連接代詞或連接副詞引導的賓語從句時，習慣上將這些連接詞置于句首，即“連接代/副詞＋do you think /believe /expect＋賓語從句的其余部分？”如：
who do you think is the best player this year?
what do you suppose you will do after school?
iii.名詞性從句的基本要素：
a. 連接詞
就是引導名詞性從句的關連接詞。共有四類：
1. 連詞that：只起連接作用，沒有任何意思，不作任何句子成分，在賓語從句中可省略。
2. 連詞whether：有“是否”之意，但不作句子成分；引導賓語從句時，還可用if。
3. 連接代詞：who(m), whose, which, what等均有各自的意義，在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。
4. 連接副詞：when, where, why, how等，有意義，在從句中作狀語。
5. whoever, whatever, whichever等也可引導名詞性從句，意為“無論/不管……”。
注意：連接詞必須位于從句的最前面。
b. 語序
必須與陳述句語序相同：主語＋謂語動詞。如：
譯：我不知道他去哪里了。
誤：i don’t know where has she gone.
正：i don’t know where she has gone.
c. 時態一致
若主句的謂語動詞是一般現在時時，賓語從句的謂語動詞可根據情況使用各種時態；若主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，其謂語動詞必須用某種過去時態。如：
she said that his father had gone to beijing. 他說他父親去北京了。(had不能用has)
注：賓語從句是一個客觀真理時，可以不一致。如：
she told me that the earth goes around the sun. 他告訴我地球圍繞太陽旋轉。