高二英語——名詞性從句精講精練

【本講教育信息】
一、教學內容
寒假專題：名詞性從句精講精練
名詞往往在句中充當主語，賓語，表語和同位語。
在復合句中，代替名詞充當主語，賓語，表語和同位語的句子統稱為名詞性從句。
名詞性從句分為：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句。

（一）引導名詞性從句的連接詞
引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為五類：
a.連詞：that（無任何詞意，不作成分，只起連接作用，賓語從句中常可省略）
1) my hope is that she will soon be well again. (表語從句)
我的希望是她能很快康復。
2) everybody hopes that she will soon be well again.（賓語從句）
大家都希望她能很快康復。
3) that she will soon be well again is our hope.（主語從句）
她能很快康復是我們的希望。
b. whether, if（均表示“是否”表明從句內容的不確定性，不作成分）
1) whether he is coming or not doesn’t matter too much.(主語從句，不能用if)
2) i went in and asked if/whether they had a cheap suit.
3) i wonder whether/if he will come in such bad weather.
c. 連接代詞：what, whatever, which, whichever, (在從句中作主語，賓語，表語，指物)
1) ____he need is more time.
顯然，主語從句：he是主語，謂語動詞need缺賓語，因此應填what.
2) tell us ___you saw and heard during your visit to that university.
3) this is not ___i want.
4) ____some people are against is ___other people are for.
5) the question is which team will win.
6) i have two apples, i don’t know which you want.
歸納：what一般用于不知道內容或范圍的句子；which“哪一個……”一般用于給出內容或范圍的句子。可作主語，賓語，表語，還可作定語。
d. who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose（在從句中作主語，賓語，表語，定語，指人）
1) who will give us a lecture is unknown.
2) the question is who will come here.
e. 連接副詞：when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever (在從句中作狀語)
1) i have no idea how he learned about it.
2) where she has gone is not known yet.
3) when he will start is not known yet.
4) this is why he is late.
注意：連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當從句的成分。

（二）具體分類
一）主語從句
在復合句中作主語的從句叫主語從句。
1) that you are leaving is a pity.
你要走，真遺憾。
2) whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.
足球比賽是否舉行將視天氣而定。
3) what he wants to tell us is not clear.
他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。
4) who will win the match is still unknown.
誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。
5) where the english evening will be held has not yet been announced.
英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。
6) it is known to us how he became a writer.
我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。
有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用單數形式。常用句型如下：