新目標(biāo)九年級英語全冊知識(shí)大盤點(diǎn)3
九年級英語
虛擬語氣
一、詞的語氣
指我們平常說的說話人說話的口氣。(在英語中,語氣除了指語調(diào)以外,最主要的是通過動(dòng)詞發(fā)生變化而表示不同語氣)
英語中的語氣分為三類:
陳述語氣(用于陳述句、疑問句、感嘆句)
祈使語氣(用于祈使句)
虛擬語氣(用于條件狀語從句、賓語從句等)
二、虛擬語氣
如果所說的不是事實(shí),而是一種假設(shè)、愿望、建議或是一種實(shí)現(xiàn)不了的空想,就用虛擬語氣。
三、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的用法
1、真實(shí)條件狀語從句與非真實(shí)條件狀語從句
eg if he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真實(shí)條件狀語)
if he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真實(shí)條件狀語)
if i were you, i would go at once.(非真實(shí)條件狀語從句)
if there was no air, people would die.(非真實(shí)條件狀語從句)
2、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件狀語從句中的用法及動(dòng)詞形式
① 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況
(條件)從句謂語動(dòng)詞形式 主句謂語動(dòng)詞形式
謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式(be用were) should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形
eg:if i were you, i’d take an umbrella.如果我是你,我會(huì)帶把傘。(事實(shí):我不可能是你)
if i knew his telephone number, i would tell you.
如果我知道他的電話號(hào)碼,我就會(huì)告訴你。(事實(shí):不知道)
if there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果沒有水和空氣,地球上就不會(huì)有生物。(事實(shí):地球上既有空氣也有水)
if i had any money with me, i could lend you some.
如果我?guī)уX了,我就會(huì)借給你些。(事實(shí):沒帶錢)
if he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些,就能通過考試了。(事實(shí):學(xué)習(xí)不用功)
②表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況
從句謂語動(dòng)詞形式 主句謂語動(dòng)詞形式
had+過去分詞 should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞
eg if i had got there earlier, i should/could have met her.
如果我早到那兒,我就會(huì)見到她。(事實(shí):去晚了)
if he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.
如果他聽我的勸告的話,就不會(huì)犯這樣的錯(cuò)誤了。(事實(shí):沒有聽我的話)
③表示對將來情況的主觀推測(可能相反或可能性很小)
從句 例句 主句
① were
if+主語 ② did
③were to do
(①通常與一個(gè)表示時(shí)間狀語連用)其 中were to do可能性最小,should+動(dòng)詞原形。 if it rained tomorrow our picnic
would be put off.
萬一那天下雨,我們的郊游
就推遲。
should/would do
主句 might /could
eg: if he would come here tomorrow, i should/would talk to him.
如果他哪天來這兒的話,我就跟他談?wù)劇#ㄊ聦?shí):來的可能性很小)