Unit12 My favorite subject is science.教學設計
2.一般現在時代替將來時1) 時間狀語從句,條件句中,從句用一般現在時代替將來時when, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately: he is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨媽。典型例題(1)he said he_______me a present unless i_______ in doing the experiment.a. had not given; had not succeeded b. would not give; succeed c. will not give; succeed d. would not give; will succeed.答案b. 在時間,條件或讓步主語從句中一般不用將來時。本題有he said,故為過去式。主句用將來時,故選b. 此處用一般過去式代替了過去將來時。2) 表示現在已安排好的未來事項,行程等活動。the museum opens at ten tomorrow.博物館明天10點開門。(實際上每天如此。) 3.句子的種類(一)按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。1.述句(declarative sentences):說明一個事實或陳述一種看法。 light travels faster than sound. 光比聲速度快。(說明事實)the film is rather boring.這部電影很乏味。(說明看法)2.疑問句(interrogative sentences):提出問題。有以下四種:一般疑問句(general questions): can you finish the work in time? 你能按時完成工作嗎?特殊疑問句(w questions; h questions):where do you live? 你住那兒?how do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?選擇疑問句(alternative questions): do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶還是要咖啡?反意疑問句(tag-questions): he doesn't know her, does he? 他不認識她,對不對?3.祈使句(imperative sentences):提出請求,建議或發出命令,例如:sit down, please. 請坐。don't be nervous!別緊張!4.感嘆句(exclamatory sentences):表示說話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒,例如: what good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其結構可以分為以下三類:1.簡單句(simple sentences):只包含一個主謂結構句子叫簡單句,例如:she is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜歡集郵。(主) (謂)2.并列句(compound sentences):包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結構的句子叫并列句,句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接,例如:the food was good, but he had little appetite. (主) (謂) (主)(謂) 食物很精美,但他卻沒什么胃口。3.復合句(complex sentences):包含一個主句從句和一個或幾個從句的句子叫復合句,從句由從屬連詞引導,例如:the film had begun when we got to the cinema.主句 從句 我們到達電影院的時候,電影已經開演了。(三)基本句型(basic sentence patterns):英語中千變萬化的句子歸根結底都是由以下五種基本句型組合、擴展、變化而來的:1.主 + 動(sv)例如:i work. 我工作。2.主 + 動 + 表(svp)例如:john is busy.約翰忙。3.主 + 動 + 賓(svo)例如:she studies english. 她學英語。4.主 + 動 + 賓 + 補(svoc)例如:time would prove me right. 時間會證明我是對的。5.主 + 動 + 間賓 + 直賓(svoiod)例如:my mother made me a new dress. 我母親給我做了一件新衣裳。