同位語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要
【注意1】在某些名詞(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣。如：
they were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. 他們面對廢除這個稅的要求。
they expressed the wish that she accept the award. 他們表示希望她接受這筆獎金。
there was a suggestion that brown should be dropped from the team. 有一項建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊。
the suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采納新規(guī)則的建議是主席提出的。
the resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried. 允許婦女參加這個協(xié)會的決議通過了。
i can understand their eagerness that you should be the main speaker. 我理解他們希望你作主要發(fā)言人的殷切心情。
【注意2】引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞that通常不省略，但在非正式文體中也可以省去。如：
he gabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，給人的印象是他要登上飛往東京的飛機(jī)了。
2. 由whether引導(dǎo)
there is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否會來還不一定。
answer my question whether you are coming. 你回答我的問題：你來不來。
the question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 這個是對還是錯要看結(jié)果。
we are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy. 我們不是在調(diào)查他是否可以信任的問題。
【注意】whether 可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。
3. 由連接代詞引導(dǎo)
have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么時候開始嗎?
from 1985-90 i was an instructor at the regional party headquarters. after that i went back to work in a factory. then i had no idea what a casino was. 從1985年到1990年我是地方黨部的教員。隨后我回到一家工廠工作。當(dāng)時我不知道賭場是什么樣的地方。
4. 由連接副詞引導(dǎo)
i have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么時候回來。
it is a question how he did it. 那是一個他如何做的問題。
he had no idea why she left. 他不知道她為什么離開。
you have no idea how worried i was! 你不知道我多著急!
二、關(guān)于分離同位語從句
有時同位語從句可以和同位的名詞分開。如：
the story goes that he beats his wife. 傳說他打老婆。
the news got about that he had won a car in the lottery. 消息傳開說他中彩得了一輛汽車。
the rumour spread that a new school would be built here. 謠傳這里要蓋一所新學(xué)校。
report has it that the smiths are leaving town. 有傳言說史密斯一家要離開這座城市。
the thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他想到可能敵人已逃離這座城市。
the order soon came that all citizens should evacuate the village. 不久命令下來，所有居民都必須撤出村子
二、同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別
1.意義的不同
同位語從句是用于說明所修飾名詞的具體內(nèi)容的，它與被修飾詞語通常可以劃等號；而定語從句是限制所修飾名詞的，它的作用是將所修飾的名詞與其他類似的東西區(qū)別開來：