Santa Claus is coming to town教案

當這個代詞在從句中用作賓語時，往往都會把它省略。例如：
the present(that / which) you gave me is very beautiful. 你給我的那件禮物非常漂亮。
在介詞的后面只能用which。例如：
this is the book about which they are talking. 這就是他們正在談論的那本書。
3. 定語從句修飾一個表示時間的詞時，用關系副詞when。例如：
i will never forget the day when i met her. 我將永遠不會忘記我見到她的那一天。
4. 定語從句修飾地點名詞時，用關系副詞where。例如：
this is the place where we lived for five years. 這就是我們曾經住過五年的地方。
5. 定語從句修飾一個表示原因的詞時，用關系副詞why。例如：
i know the reason why she didn't come yesterday. 我知道她昨天沒來的原因。

引導定語從句的關系代詞
 引導定語從句的關系代詞有that, which, who, whom和whose。若先行詞是人且在從句中作主語時，關系詞選用who或that; 作賓語時可選用whom或that，且常可省略。若先行詞為物且在從句中作主語或賓語時，關系詞則用which或that；作賓語時可省略。whose既可指人又可指物，在從句中作定語。例如：
1. the boy who / that told me the news has left.
2. a clock is a machine that / which tells us the time.
3. the man (who / whom / that) you talked about just now is my friend.
4. the students whose home are far away live in the school.
由此可見，定語從句關系詞的選擇并不難，關鍵是弄清先行詞是人還是物，在從句中作什么成分以及句式結構等。但若先行詞在從句中作相同的成分，引導詞又該如何判斷呢？

一、 先行詞為物時，which與that的區別。
在下列情況下，通常只用that。
1. 當先行詞為none, one, few, little, all, many, much, every, something, everything, anything, nothing時。例如：
she did all that she could to help him.
is there anything else that you require?
2. 當先行詞被some, every, little, few, many, much, all, any, no, none等詞修飾時。例如：
there is little water that you can drink.
you can take any seat that is free.
3. 當先行詞被the same, the last, the only, the right, the very等詞修飾時。例如：
it's the last place that we want to visit.
this is the very film that we enjoy.
4. 當先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。例如：
this is the first exam that we have this term.
this is the best novel that i have read.
5. 當先行詞既有人又有物時。例如：
he talked happily of the men and the book that interested us.
6. 當主句是which引導的特殊疑問句時。例如：
which of the books that are on the desk moved him?

在下列情況下只用which。
1. 當關系代詞前使用介詞時。例如：
that was the train by which they went to jinan.
2. 當先行詞本身是that時。例如：
the predicate(謂語) is that which is said of subject (主語)。
3. 在非限制性定語從句中。例如：
football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.