八年級英語下冊Unit 4 重點短語及句型總匯
23. what are some things that happen on soap operas?
本單元語法講解
直接引語和間接引語
（一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進(jìn)行改變。
1. 時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said，asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變
一般過去時，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時等。 例如：
tom said to me,“my brother is doing his homework.”
→tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化；根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化。 如：
she asked jack,“where have you been?” →she asked jack where he had been.
he said,“these books are mine.” →he said that those books were his.
（二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連詞會有所不同。
1.陳述句的間接引語：陳述句由直接引語變間接引語，由that引導(dǎo)，可以省略。
“i want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蘭色的。” 他說。
→he told us that he wanted the blue one. 他說他想要蘭色的。
she said to me, “you can’t do anything now.” 她對我說：“此刻你無法做任何事情。”
→she told me that i couldn’t do anything then. 她對我說那時我無法做任何事。
2. 疑問句的間接引語
直接引語如果是疑問句，變成間接引語后，叫做間接疑問句。間接疑問句為陳述語序，句末用句號，動詞時態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動詞常用ask, wonder, want to know等間接疑問句一般有三種：
(1).一般疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時， 由whether或if 引導(dǎo)。 如：
“has he ever worked in shanghai?”jim asked. “他在上海工作過嗎？”吉姆問。
→jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in shanghai.吉姆問他是否在上海工作過。
“can you tell me the way to the hospital?” the old man asked.
那個老人問：“你能告訴我去醫(yī)院的路嗎？
→the old man asked whether i could tell him the way to the hospital.
那老人問我是否能告訴他去醫(yī)院路。
(2). 特殊疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，仍由原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。 如：
“which room do you live in?” he asked. “ 你住哪個房間？”他問我。
→he asked me which room i lived in. 他問我住哪個房間。
“what do you think of the film?” she asked. 她問“你怎么看這部電影？”
→she asked her friend what she thought of the film . 她問她朋友怎么看這部電影。