Chapter 7 A new newspaper

與過去事實相反的：

條件從句  結果從句

if i(we, you, he, they)+ had + 過去分詞 i(we)should + have+ 過去分詞。he (you, they) would + have + 過去分詞。

if i were you, i should buy it. 如果我是你，我就買了它。

if i had time, i would study french. 如果我有時間，我會學習法語的。

if she knew english, she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英語的話，她不會找我幫忙的。

if you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一點起床，就會趕上火車的。

if it were fine tomorrow, i would go shopping. 如果明天天氣好，我就去買東西。

有關虛擬語氣的幾個問題：

1) 有時if引導的狀語從句可以省略 if，而把從句中的動詞 were, had 或 should 移到主語前面。

were she younger, she would do it. 如果她年輕點， 她就會干的。

had he known her address, he would had gone to visit her.

如果他知道她的地址，他會去看她的。

2) 有時表示虛擬語氣的條件從句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一個主句或者一個條件從句。

i could help you. 我本來可以幫助你。

if i had time. 我要有時間該多好啊。

she should have come to the party. 她應該來參加聚會。

if he had much more money. 如果他有更多的錢。

3) 虛擬語氣中，條件從句的動詞動作可以和主句的動詞動作時態不一致。

if they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.

如果他們以前努力學習的話，現在干的就會容易些。

if he had not taken my advice, he wouldn’t do it much better like this.

如果他不聽取我的建議，他就不會干得這樣好。

（二）狀語從句

由從句擔任的狀語，在句子中可修飾謂語（或其它動詞）、形容詞、副詞或是整個句子，它可以用來表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等。狀語從句是一較大的語法項目，也是近幾年高考題中常見的一個重要試點。高考中已考查了時間、讓步、地點、條件、目的等狀語從句，這些從句仍是今后高考的熱點，應作充分準備。同時對方式狀語從句也應引起重視。

1. 時間狀語從句

表示時間的狀語從句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引導。

e. g. : when i came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

he started as soon as he received the news.

once you see him, you will never forget him.

no sooner had i gone to bed than i went to sleep.

2. 原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導這類從句的最常用的連詞是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果關系時（它引導的不是從句）為并列連詞，語氣不如because強。

e. g. he is disappointed because he didn’t get the position.

as it is raining, i will not go out.

now that you mention it, i do remember.

3. 地點狀語從句

引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where 和wherever等。