2016高考英語情態動詞全解析
一、何謂“情態動詞”?
情態動詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態度等,是中學英語語法的重點,也是高考的熱點,是單項填空必考的一個知識點。情態動詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點:情態動詞表示推測和可能性的用法;情態動詞與虛擬語氣;情態動詞的表達“情感、態度、語氣等”,情態動詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。
二、情態動詞的特點
1.沒有人稱和數的變化。
2. 有些情態動詞有過去式的變化:
e.g. will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared
三、情態動詞的否定形式
情態動詞+ not +動詞原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't
四、情態動詞的用法及相互間的區別(注意:這是常考的考點)
1. can , be able to be able to 表示經過努力后, 能夠做到; be able to 有多種形式的變化。
can
1). 表示體力或腦力方面的能力;
2). 表示允許、可能性。
could 是can的過去式, 表示過去有能力及過去存在的可能性 ; 用于疑問句表示委婉地提出問題。
1) the fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.
a. had to b. would c. could d. was able to
2) -will you stay for lunch?
-sorry, __. my brother is coming to see me.
a. i mustn't b. i can't c. i needn't d. i won't
2.may 表示詢問或說明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能發生。might是may的過去式; 用在疑問中比may委婉、客氣。
1) -may i take this book out of the reading-room?
-no, you mustn't. ( yes, you may.)
2) -might i make a suggestion? -yes, you may.
3. must
1). 表示必須要做的事: 必須
2) 表示很有把握的推斷: 一定, 準是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必須, 不得不。過去式: had to
3) -must i get to the station before three o'clock?
-yes, you must. ( no, you needn't. )
4) i'm afraid you will have to wait a while.
5) she must be in the classroom now.
6) mary ____ be in paris, i saw her in town only a few minutes ago.
a. mustn't b. shouldn't c. can't d. may not
4. shall
1) 在疑問句中, 用于第一、三人稱表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請求。
2) 用于二、三人稱,表示說話人給對方的 命令、警告、允諾等概念。
1) - shall i place an order with you now? -no, you needn’t.
-shall he turn down the radio a bit? -
yes, please.(no, please don't.)
2) you shall have the english book as soon as i finish it.
3) everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.
4) your brother seldom comes to see you, ____?
a. does he b. doesn't he c. will he d. isn't he
5) it's a fine day. let's go fishing, ____?