考英語學法指導與語法難點（通用2篇）
考英語學法指導與語法難點 篇1
高三英語學法指導與語法難點 (一)
一 高考英語試題的主要特點
如果你想在高考中取得好成績，總復習確有成效，你就必須對高考試題的主要特點有一個清楚的了解。
1.試題的基本難度不變
英語試題在題型，難度，測試范圍，及區分度上都將與近幾年一致，因為無論全國試題或地方自命試題都是按考試大綱命制的。隨著新教材的使用和新課標的執行，高考英語肯定會有變化，但基本的考點，題型不會有大的變化。
2.重視實際使用英語能力的考核。
現在的高考主要考查語言運用，即在實際生活中聽說讀寫的能力。 換句話說，如果你的聽力好，閱讀強，寫作也不錯那在英語高考中就能拿一個高分。如果你只知道一些語法知識的細枝末節，而聽、讀、寫都沒怎么練，那你在高考中肯定是英雄無用武之地，分數上不去。
3.突出語篇的作用，在活的情景中考查。
所謂突出語篇的作用，即通過語篇考查聽、讀、寫的能力，而不是孤立地、無上下文的單句式的考查。
4.考英語還要考思維能力和綜合文化素質
英語卷不僅僅在考英語，幾乎每一個試題都滲透著對觀察、分析、記憶、想象，推理，判斷和綜合能力的測試，以及對學生全面文化素質的考查。試卷中主要試題都是在對話和短文中進行考核的，都有具體的語境，都需要分析，推測和概括。所以，只會死背句型，不善推理判斷，記憶不準確，知識面又窄，這樣的學生在高考面前就會顯得力不從心。
5.閱讀理解能力是重點檢查的能力
高考對英語聽說讀寫諸項能力的測試并非均衡對待，而是按照教學大綱的要求，突出了對閱讀能力的測試。這不僅表現在閱讀理解題在試卷中占的比重最大（40分），還表現在閱讀能力是決定聽力，完形填空、書面表達、單項填空等題型答題效果的最基本的能力。強調對閱讀的檢測也符合中國人學習英語的規律。閱讀是目前中國人學習英語的主要方式，閱讀又是獲取較綜合，較復雜，較深刻信息的手段，突出考察閱讀能力是完全正確的。
6.強調基礎知識和基本技能的掌握。
高考作為一種選拔性的考試，雖然有難題，但主要考的仍是基礎知識和基本技能�；A的東西掌握好了，才可能把試卷中的中低檔的題做對，也才有可能攻克由諸項基礎知識綜合而成的難題。 高考成績的高低，主要取決于基礎知識和基本技能的掌握。那種在總復習中一味追求難題、怪題，而忽視基礎知識的落實與基本技能訓練的作法，實在是與高考命題主導思想背道而弛。
二 語法知識易錯點
本部分共85條，對中國學生在英語語法方面容易產生錯誤或混淆的地方作了有針對性的提示，而不是系統地講解語法知識，這對學生抓住要點重點是有幫助的。
1. 名詞變復數的特殊形式
child---children, foot---feet, man---men, mouse---mice,
stomach---stomachs, tooth---teeth, woman---women, sheep---sheep,
deer---deer, chinese---chinese, a man doctor---men doctors,
a woman doctor---women doctors, looker-on---lookers-on,
grown-up---grown-ups
誤：there are many woman teachers in my school.
正：there are many women teachers in my school.
2. 常考不可數名詞
advice, baggage, equipment, information, luggage, furniture, fun, weather, knowledge, jewelry, progress
誤：what a fine weather it is!
正：what fine weather it is!
3. 可數不可數均可，但意思不同
experience 經歷（可數）；經驗（不可數）
room 房間（可數）；空間（不可數）
exercise 練習（可數）；鍛煉、運動（不可數）
誤：visiting the great wall is unforgettable experience to me.
正：visiting the great wall is an unforgettable experience to me.
4. 只能修飾可數名詞的有：
few, a few, many, a great/good many, a large number of…
誤：there is a large number of water in the hole.
正：there is a great deal of water in the hole.
5. 只能修飾不可數名詞的有：
little, a little, much, a large amount of, a great/good deal of…
誤：there are a great deal of people living there.
正：there are a good many people living there.
6. 可數不可數都可修飾的有：
a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, 如：
there are plenty of trees along the river.
there is a large quantity of snow on the top of the mountain.
7. 只有復數形式的名詞有：
trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, thanks, congratulations, belongings…
誤：a pair of trousers are hanging over there.
正：a pair of trousers is hanging over there.
8. 復數形式，單數意思的有：
plastics, news, politics, physics, mathematics…
誤：the news are exciting.
正：the news is exciting.
9. 復合名詞的復數形式。
girl friends, boy students, women teachers, men workers, passers-by, go-betweens, grown-ups
誤：there're many boys students in my class.
正：there're many boy students in my class.
10. 名詞做主語，謂語動詞用復數
police, cattle, clothes, goods
誤：cattle sells well at that market.
正：cattle sell well at that market.
11. 幾個應該特殊注意的名詞。
people (民族，人); village (村莊，村民)；man(男人，人類)，youth (年輕人，青年男子，青春)
誤：the chinese are peace-loving people.
正：the chinese are a peace-loving people.
12. 名詞所有格
1) 形式 's, of tom's living room, teachers' office, teachers' room, a friend of mine, john and mary's school, john's and mary's schools
2) 's適用范圍
有生命的物體、時間、距離、國家、城市、機構等
誤：this is the mountain's picture.
正：this is a picture of the mountain.
誤：john and mary's schools are beautiful.
正：john's and mary's schools are beautiful.
3) 不能被's所替換的所有格形式：
the city of beijing, at the age of 20, the experience of the old, the struggle of the poor…
13. 必須加the的有以下幾種情況。
1) 特指某（些）人或某（些）物；
i have a pen. the pen is lost.
2) 談話雙方所共知的共指的物體；
look at the blackboard.
3) 序數詞，形容詞最高級前；
she is the best student in my class.
4) 世界上獨一無二的物體；
the earth moves around the sun.
5) 表方位的名詞前；
the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
6) 形容詞前表一類人；
the rich are not always happy.
7) 樂器
he is playing the piano now.
8) 山脈、河流、海洋、群島；
china is on the east of the pacific ocean.
9) same, only, very前；
it's the very book i'm looking for.
10) by the +計量單位；by the dozen, by the day, by the pound
the workers are paid by the hour.
誤：birds fly to south in winter.
正：birds fly to the south in winter. birds fly south in winter.
14. 不用冠詞的情況有以下幾種。
1) 表泛指的名詞前；如：do you like music?
2) 三餐前；如：have breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner…
3) 棋類、球類運動前；
almost all the boys in my class love playing football.
4) 表官銜、職位的名詞前；
he was made monitor of the class.
5) child as he is中的child名詞前。
student as he is, he never obeys the teacher.
考英語學法指導與語法難點 篇2
高三英語學法指導與語法難點（二）
一 關于英語總復習的幾點建議
�。ㄒ唬⿲W會自主學習
所謂自主學習，就是學生具有學好英語的欲望，在老師的指導下能自己確定目標，自己安排進程，自己設計活動，自己尋找材料，自己監督自己，自己總結經驗。課上課下聽老師的話是對的，但要有主動性，作學習的主人。
堅持實踐第一，以使用英語為主。簡明扼要地對學過的知識進行歸納總結是必要的，但決不能用很多的時間去鉆研語法規則。應該把大部分時間用在閱讀、寫作和聽力的練習上，即應用語言上，尤其要加大和突出閱讀的訓練。使用英語的能力是在使用英語的實踐中產生和提高的，并不是靠老師給講會的。english is best learnt when always used in meaningful communication.學習英語要堅持模仿為主，理論分析為輔，不要過分鉆研為什么。有的同學在學習英語時，采取"君子動口不動手"的態度，一味在那里琢磨理論，而不是抓緊時間動手寫寫，找出文章趕緊看看或打開錄音機聽聽。這樣的同學最終使用英語的能力不會有大的提高。
�。ǘ┳ズ没A題
無論什么考試，基礎的東西都是最重要的。英語高考也不例外。考生應努力做到保證拿到基礎題的分，力爭難題的分。在復習中，一定要結合實際情況安排練習的難度。如果水平不是很高，就一定要以練習基礎題為主，不要嫌容易，不要跟別人攀比。要把基礎詞匯、基本句型弄扎實，要做到懂、會、熟。越臨近高考越要降低難度 。有人以為做多難的練習就能達到多高的水平，其實并不是這樣，這也取決于原來的基礎。
�。ㄈ┌选犊荚嚧缶V》上的詞匯表掌握好。
詞匯表是高考命題的基礎，是應該重點掌握的詞匯。詞匯表上的許多名詞可歸類為閱讀詞匯，這類詞知道意思，會拼寫即可。但動詞、介詞、連詞及其他常用名詞等則必須做到四會。學習詞匯表不要照搬詞典，詞典的解釋太繁雜了，高考用不上。
（四）重視總結做題規律和擴大知識面。
背誦短文，例句，甚至例題好處甚多。天天練，最終會見成效，但不要渴望迅速成功，因為語言的提高是慢工夫。停一天等于前三天白練。只有那些堅持不懈，埋頭苦干，永不退縮的人才有希望到達光輝的頂點。
二 語法知識易錯點
1. it, that, one, the one, the ones, those
my pen was lost. i cannot find it. （同一物體）
my pen was lost. i have to buy a new one. （同類不同一）
the population of shanghai is much larger than that of tianjin. （不可數名詞）
this pen is not the one i lost yesterday. （特指）
the pens are not the ones i lost yesterday.
the pens are not those i lost yesterday.
誤句：the weather in beijing is much colder than the one in shanghai.
正句：the weather in beijing is much colder than that in shanghai.
2. each, either, both, neither, every, all
trees are planted on either/each side of the street.
trees are planted on both sides of the street.
trees are planted on every/each side of the square.
trees are planted on neither side of the street.
trees are planted on all sides of the square.
誤句：you can tie the horse to every of the two trees.
正句：you can tie the horse to either of the two trees.
3. any, either
i have three books and you can choose any one.
i have two books and you can choose either one.
誤句：---when would you like to come over to my house, saturday or sunday?
---any day is ok with me.
正句：---when would you like to come over to my house, saturday or sunday?
---either day is ok with me.
4. another, the other, the others, others
another student came in.
i have two brothers. one is a teacher. the other is a doctor.
suppose there are 50 students.
some students (20) are playing football on the playground. others (20) are doing their homework in the classroom.
the other students (30) are playing football on the playground.
the others (30) are playing football on the playground.
5. none, nothing, nobody, neither
1) ---how many students are there in the classroom?
---none.
2) ---how much money do you have?
---none.
3) ---is there anybody in the classroom?
---nobody.
4) ---is there anything in the room?
---nothing.
5) ---would you please lend me some ink?
---sorry, but i have none left myself.
6) i want neither of the two books.
i want none of the three books.
誤句：---what do you want?
---none.
正句：
1) ---what do you want?
---nothing.
2) ---of the three things, which do you want?
---none.
6. 反身代詞應注意以下幾點。
1) i myself think…
2) help yourself! 請隨便吃吧
3) make yourself at home!別客氣
4) don't upset yourself.別自尋煩惱
5) make oneself heard/ understood
i couldn't make myself heard above the noise.聲音被淹沒了。
6) between ourselves, do you think 私下里說
7) in itself, his illness is nothing to worry about.就疾病本身而言，沒什么可擔心的。
8) he is not quite himself today.他感到不舒服
9) by oneself = alone, without help 單干、無人幫忙
10) for oneself 為……
you have the right to decide for yourself.
11) of oneself 自動地
the light went out of itself.
7. 代詞的其他注意事項：
1) this, that
my plan is like this: first…second…third…
he was ill. that's why he didn't come.
2) much, many
3) some, any
4) it可以指代分不清性別的小孩
is it a boy or a girl?
5) she, he也可以用于月亮、太陽、輪船或動物擬人化。
china is our motherland and she is the most beautiful country in the world in my opinion.
6) you, he and i, you and i, ladies and gentlemen
8. 數詞
1) 大于某數 more than 20 years, over thirty, above twenty degrees
2) 小于 less than ten days, fewer than 50 people, children under 7
3) 至少 at least 10 dollars, no less than 100 people
4) 大約 about three days, around 2 o'clock, two miles or so
5) 至多 not more than 5 rooms, at most ten days
6) 僅有 no more than 1 year, only 2 years
7) 倍數 this ruler is twice/three times longer than that one.
this ruler is twice/three times as long as that one.
this ruler is twice/three times the length of that one.
誤：this box is as three times heavier as that one.
正：this box is three times as heavy as that one.
9. 數字+形容詞+名詞
it's a five-foot-deep hole.
the hole is five feet deep.
it's a hole five feet deep.
誤句：it's a three-meters-long table.
正句：it's a three-meter-long table.
10. 形容詞，副詞的比較級和最高級
busy---busier---busiest
hot---hotter---hottest
important---more important---most important
good---better---best
many/much---more---most
bad/ill---worse---worst
old---older/elder---oldest/eldest
little---less---least
far---farther/further---farthest/furthest
badly---worse---worst
well---better---best
11. 形容詞需要注意以下幾點：
1) 只能做定語的形容詞有：live, main, chief;
my main purpose is to help you here.
2) 只能做表語的形容詞有：alone, alike, awake, asleep, lit, content
he is alone, but he doesn't feel lonely.
3) 多個形容詞修飾名詞的順序依次是：冠詞（所有格；指示詞；數詞）；品質；大小長短；形狀；新舊；顏色；產地；材料；用途；例如：
a beautiful little round red chinese wooden public reading room
4) 能修飾形容詞比較級的有：much, rather, even , still, far, any, no, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, yet等；
i'm much better now.
i'm a great deal better now.
5) 能修飾形容詞最高級的有：by far, very, much。
he is by far the best student in my class.