主謂一致
2、there be句型be動詞單復數取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and連接的兩個主語,則應與靠近的那個主語保持一致。如:there are two chairs and a desk in the room..
注意:here引導的句子用法同上。
(四)主謂一致應注意的幾個問題:
a)名詞作主語
1)某些集體名詞(如family,team等)作主語時,如果作為一個整體看待,謂語動詞用單數形式;如果就其中一個個成員而言,謂語動詞用復數形式。例如:
the whole family are watching tv?
his family is going to have a long journey.
這類名詞有:audience,class,club,committee,company, crew,crowd,enemy,government,group,party,public,team,etc.
名詞population一詞的使用情況跟上述類似。例如::
the population in china is very large,and eighty percent of the population in china are farmers.
“a group(crowd)of+復數名詞”等短語之后的謂語動詞也同樣可用單數或復數,前者強調整體,后者強調各個部分。
2)某些集體名詞(如people,police,cattle,militia等)只當復數看待,謂語動詞必須用復數。例如:
the police are searching for him.
3)單、復數同形的名詞作主語時,謂語動詞應根據意義決定單、復數。例如:
a sheep is over there,
some sheep are over there.
4)名詞所有格之后的名詞被省略的情況一般只指商店、工場、住宅等,作主語時,動詞一般用單數。例如:
my uncle's is not far from here.
the doctor's is on the side of the street.
常見的省略名詞有:the baker's,the barber's,the carpenter's,the zhang's,etc,
表示店鋪的名詞一般作集體名詞看待,但用作主語時,謂語 動詞往往用復數。例如:
richardson's have a lot of leather goods to sell.
5)當名詞詞組中心詞為表示度量、距離、金額、時間、書名等復數名詞時,往往可以根據意義一致的原則,把這些復數名詞看作一個整體,謂語用單數形式。例如:
five minutes is enough to do this exercise.
the selected poems of li bai was published long ago.
three years has passed.
6)不定代詞each,every,no所修飾的名詞即使以and或逗號連接成多個并列主語,謂語動詞仍用單數形式。例如:
each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in the future.
7)如果主語有more than one...或many a…構成,盡管從意義上看是復數內容,但它的謂語動詞仍用單數形式。例如:
many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
more than one student has seen the film,
是,在“more+復數名詞+than one\'’結構之后,謂語詞一般用復數形式。例如:
more members than one are against your plan.
8)一些由兩個部分構成的名詞表示衣物或工具主語時;謂語通常用復數形式,如scissors,chopsticks,compasses,shoes,trousers,clothes,glasses等。但如果主語由“a kind of ,a pair of,a series of等加名詞”構成時,謂語動詞一般用單數形式。例如:
a pair of shoes was on the desk .
9)this kind of book=a book of this kind(這種書),其謂語用單數;短語this kind of men=men of this kind=these kinds of men(口語)(這一類人),但this kind of men的謂語用單數,