2019屆中考英語語法基礎3
【沖擊XX年中考英語精品復習資料】語法基礎-3副 詞 的 定 義: 副詞是一種用來修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的詞,說明時間,地點,程度,方式等概念。 副 詞 的 分 類: 1) 時間和頻度副詞: now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday. 2) 地點副詞: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副詞: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副詞: much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly. 5) 疑問副詞: how, when, where, why. 6) 關系副詞: when, where, why. 7) 連接副詞: how, when, where, why, whether. 副 詞 的 用 法: 副詞在句中可作狀語,表語,短語。 he works hard. 他工作努力。 you speak english quite well. 你英語講的很好。 is she in ? 她在家嗎? let's be out. 讓我們出去吧。 food here is hard to get. 這兒很難弄到食物。 副 詞 的 位 置: 1) 多數副詞都可以放在動詞的后面,如果動詞帶有賓語,副詞就放在賓語后面。 i get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。 he gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天給了我一件禮物。 she didn't drink water enough. 她沒喝夠水。 the train goes fast. 火車跑得快。 we can go to this school freely. 我們可以免費到這家學校學習。 they left a life hardly then. 當時他們的生活很艱難。 he has a new cat on today. 他今天戴了一頂新帽子。 i have seen this film twice with my friends. 這部電影我和朋友看過兩次。 2) 副詞修飾形容詞,副詞時,副詞在前面,而被修飾的詞在后面。 it's rather easy, i can do it. 這很容易,我能做到。 he did it quite well. 他做得相當好。 it's rather difficult to tell who is right. 很難說誰是對的。 it's so important that i must tell my friends. 這件事太重要了，我得告訴我的朋友。 it's much better. 好多了。 3) 頻度副詞可放在實義動詞的前面,情態動詞和助動詞的后面。 i often help him these days. 這些日子我經常幫助他。 i always remember the day when i first came to this school. 我常常記得我第一次來學校的那一天。 you mustn't always help me. 你不能老是幫助我。 he seldom comes to see us. 他很少來看我們。 we usually go shopping once a week. 我們通常一周買一次東西。 the new students don't always go to dance. 新學生并不時常去跳舞。 4) 疑問副詞,連接副詞,關系副詞以及修飾整個句子的副詞,通常放在句子或從句的前面。 when do you study everyday? 你每天什么時間學習? can you tell me how you did it? 你能告訴我你如何做的嗎? first, let me ask you some questions. 先讓我來問幾個問題。 how much does this bike cost? 這輛車子多少錢？ either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他來。 the students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 當老師進教室時，學生們正在讀書。 5) 時間副詞和地點副詞在一個句中, 地點副詞在前面時間副詞在后面。 we went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九點鐘我們到超市買東西了. what were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ the accident took place one hour ago in the eleven avenue. 一小時前十一號大街發生了一場事故。 副 詞 的 比 較 等 級: 副詞和形容詞一樣,也有它的比較級和最高級形式. 可以參考形容詞的變換形式。但以詞尾 -ly 結尾的副詞（除 early ）須用 more 和 most 。 hard harder hardest fast faster fastest early earlier earliest much more most warmly more warmly most warmly 單音節副詞的比較級是在副詞后面加上 -er 構成的，最高級是在副詞后面加上 -est 構成的。 near nearer nearest hard harder hardest 多音節副詞的比較級是在副詞的前面加上 -more 構成的。 最高級是在副詞前面加上 -most 構成的。 warmly more warmly most warmly successfully more successfully most successfully 有些副詞的比較級和最高級形式是不規則的。 well-better - best little - less - least much- more - most badly - worse - worst far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest) 副詞的比較級和最高級用法同形容詞的比較級用法基本一樣。 最高級形式句中 the 可以省略。 he works harder than i. 他比我工作努力。 lucy gets up earlier than lili. 露西比麗麗起床早。 he runs fastest in our class. 他在我們班跑地最快。 he dives deeper than his teammates. 他比他的隊員潛水深。 it's true that he speak english more fluently than any of us. 他英語講的確實比我們任何人都好。 our school team play football best in our region. 我們校隊在我們地區足球踢得最好的。