2019屆中考英語虛擬語氣專題復習

his suggestion that we (should)go to shanghai is wonderful.
my idea is that they (should)pay 100 dollars.
（3）虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。
在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should + 動詞原形”的結構，表示驚奇、不相信、理應如此等。如：
it is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we should clean the room every day.
it was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you should be so careless.
it will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.
注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如：
it is pity that you can’t swim.
3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用
（1）虛擬語氣在as if/as though、even if/even though等引導的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去完成時；指現在狀況，則用一般過去時；指將來狀況則用過去將來時。如：
he did it as if he were an expert.
even if she were here, she could not solve the problem.
（2）虛擬語氣用于定語從句中。
這種從句常用于句型“it is (high)time (that) … ”中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should + 動詞原形，意思是“(現在)該……”。如：
it’s time that i picked up my daughter.
it’s high time we were going.
（3）虛擬語氣用在if only引導的感嘆句中。如：
if only i were a bird.
if only i had taken his advice.
（4）虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。
①情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現在時態(tài)時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現在日常會話中。如：
it would be better for you not to stay up too late.
would you be kind enough to close the door?
②用于一些習慣表達法中。如：
would you like a cup of tea?
i would rather not tell you. 
4、精典名題導解
 
1. when a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______. (nmet  95)
a. breaks    b.has broken     c.were broken      d.had been broken 
解析：答案為c。本題考查的是as if 引導的讓步狀語從句中的語氣問題，as if引導的狀語從句如果與事實一致，不用虛擬語氣，如果與事實相反，應用虛擬語氣。題中“當鉛筆的一部分浸在水中，鉛筆看上去好像斷了”。而實際上鉛筆并未斷，與事實相反，前半部分陳述是一般現在時，因而本句是對一般現在時的虛擬，用were broken。
2. i didn’t see your sister at the meeting. if she ___________, she would have met my brother.(nmet   94)
a. has come      b.did come      c.came      d.had come
解析：答案為d。本題考查的是if條件句中的虛擬語氣。題意是：我在會議上沒看到你姐姐，故你姐姐沒來。因此如果“她來了”與事實相反，前面一句交代了虛擬語氣的時態(tài)是一般過去時的虛擬，所以if從句中用had+過去分詞。