八年級英語下冊Unit 6 知識講解
unit 6how long have you been collecting shells?
一.【單元目標】
ⅰ.單詞與短語
collect marathon skate pair since raise several stamp kite monster
globe anyone store cake particularly collector common extra topic
capital thousand quite certain miss
in fact 其實；實際上 run out of 用完；用盡
by the way 順便；附帶說說 be interested in 對……感興趣
more than 比……多 make a list of 列清單
thanks for doing sth. 感謝某人做了某事 think of / about sth. 想起某事
ⅱ.目標句型：
1. how long have you been doing…? 2. i’ve been doing…since…
3. how long did sb. do…? 4. he / she did sth. for…
5. what do you collect? 6. when did you start?
7. how many do you have? 8. what do you like to collect in the future?
9. what is the most common/unusual/interesting hobby?
�、�.語法
現在完成進行時
二.【重難點分析】
1. 現在完成進行時
構成：
肯定句：主語 + have / has been + doing
否定句：主語+have/has+not+been+doing
一般疑問句：have/has+主語+been+doing?
現在完成進行時表達“某一動作從過去開始一直持續到現在，有可能還要持續下去”，現在完成進行時的句子中多用延續性動詞，如：live，learn，study，work等。
(1)i have been learning english for ten years. 我學英語已經十年了。
(2)she has been skating for four hours. 到現在為止她滑冰已經有四個小時了。
(3)i have been collecting stamps since i was ten years old. 我從十歲起就一直在集郵。
在這幾個句子中，have和has是助動詞，疑問形式需把助動詞提前，否定形式在have或has后面加not，have not和has not可以分別縮寫成haven’t和hasn’t，如：
(1)have you been doing your homework since this morning? 從今天早晨起你就一直在寫作業吧？
(2)has he been writing the letters to his friend? 他是一直在給他的朋友寫信嗎？
(3)i haven’t been seeing films for a long time. 我有很長時間沒有看電影了。
（表明沒有看電影這個動作從過去一直持續到現在，還要繼續持續下去。）
2.現在完成進行時與現在完成時的區別：
(1)現在完成時強調動作的完成，而現在完成進行時側重的是動作的持續進行。