八年級上冊英語語法整理(人教版)
unit 1 how often do you exercise?grammar: 特殊疑問句:wh-questions: what, who, where, when, which, whose, why, whom等。
特殊疑問句的構成及用法:
1.結構:特殊疑問詞+ 一般疑問句,即:特殊疑問詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞+主語+謂語/表語(+其他)
疑問代詞:
1) who:誰。做主語,用來指人 who is the boy under the tree?
2)whom 誰,做賓語,用來指人 whom are you writing to?
3) whose 誰的,用來指所屬關系,如果做定語,一般后接名詞 whose pen is this?
4) which 哪個,哪些,用來指對人或物在一定范圍之內進行選擇 which girls will be in the sports meeting?
which pen is lily’s?
5)what什么,通常指物,也可指人,一般用在沒有指出范圍的情況下 what can you see in the picture? what are you doing now?
疑問副詞:
1)when:何時,詢問時間 when will she come back?
2)where何地,詢問地點, where do you come from?
3)why為什么,詢問原因, why are you late for school?
4)how 如何,詢問手段、方式、工具以及程度等
how do you usually go to school?
5)how old多大,詢問年齡,how old is jim’s little brother?
6)how many/much多少,詢問數量
how many birds are there in the tree?
7)how far多遠,詢問距離,
how far is it form your home to school?
8)how long多長,多久,詢問時間的長度或距離
how long will you stay in beijing?
9)how often多長時間按一次,詢問頻率
how often do you go to see your grandparents?
10how soon多久,詢問時間 how soon will you come back?
頻率副詞:表示動作發生的頻率,never, hardly ever,sometimes, often, usually, always.
unit 2 what’s the matter with you?
grammar:
1. 用have 來描述身體不適 have/have got a +疾病名字;得了……病
2.情態動詞should,情態動詞should,can, may, must沒有人稱和時態的變化,后接動詞原形.
unit 3 what are you doing for vacation?
grammar:現在進行時表將來 一般將來時
表示將要做某事或計劃打算做某事要用到句型“be+doing”其中be是助動詞,它有人稱和單復數的變化。be: am, is, are. be + v.ing是現在進行時的形式,但用于表示將來。用進行時表將來,常用于表示即將來臨的未來預定要做的事情,一般指個人計劃要做的事。用于此情況的動詞一般是表示位置轉移的動詞,如,go, come, leave, start, arrive, move等。
一.肯定句中,結構為“be+doing.”
i am going shopping this afternoon.
二.否定句是在be之后加not. i’m not going to shopping this afternoon.