八年級英語下冊介詞復習知識講解
how many models have you made by the end of last month?
截至上月底你做了多少個模型?
(2) by指“不遲于,到……時為止,在……以前”
i must finish my homework by lunch.午飯前我必須做完作業。
we had learned over 1000 words by the end of last term.
到上學期末為止,我們已經學了1000多個單詞了。
(3) tell (until) “直到……為止”
you must wait for him till tomorrow.你必須一直等他到明天。
he didn’t come back until twelve o’clock last night.他昨晚到12點才回來。
在肯定句中,till (until)必須與延續動詞連用。若與點動詞連用,till (until)只能用于否定句中。
5.after, in, within
①after表示“在……之后”,是before的反義詞。
we’ll hold a party after dinner.晚餐后我們將舉辦晚會。
he got a cancer and died after a year.他患了癌癥,一年后去世了。
i’ll phone you after i arrive.到達后我給你打電話。(after作連詞)
②within“在……時間之內”
i can finish it within an hour.我不需一小時就可把它做完。
③in“在……時間之后”
i’ll arrive in an hour.我一小時后到達。
比 較 after與in
①after后可跟時間段,也可跟時間點,如after school(放學后),
而in后必須跟一段時間,如in an hour(一小時后)。
②after既可用于將來時,也可用于過去時,而in只能用于將來時。
③after既可作介詞,又可作連詞,而in只能作介詞
in與within后都必須跟時間段。
(二)表示“地點、方向”的介詞:
1.in,outside,between, among
①in表示“在……里面”,如:
what’s in the box? 盒子里是什么?
she put her book in the desk. 她把書放進了書桌。
②outside指“在……外面”
there are many people outside the room.房間外有很多人。
what did your see outside the hall? 你在大廳外看見了什么?
③between在……之間(指二者)
there is a hospital between the hotel and the post office.在賓館與郵局之間有所醫院。
the building stands between the park and the small river. 那棟建筑位于公園和小河之間。
between是指“在兩者之間”,而among指“在多個之間”。
④among在……之間(指三者以上)
“there is a thief among you.” the policeman shouted to the crowd.
警察向人群喊道:“你們中間有個小偷!”
he found his place among the crowd. 他在人群中找到了他的位置。
2.on, above, over, below, under
(1) on在……上面,表面相互接觸。
there is an apple on the table. 桌上有一個蘋果。
on the top of the hill, there is a flag. 山頂有一面旗子。
(2) above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”,與below相對。
a plane flew above our heads.一架飛機從我們頭上飛過。
the turners live above us. 特納一家人住在我們的上面。
(3) over“在……正上方”,與under相對。