外研版必修3Module3學案
a. has learned b. would have learned c. learned d. had learned
(2).---hurry up! alice and sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
---i thought they_____________ without me.
a. went b. are going c. have gone d. had gone
3).he kept looking at her wondering whether he ____________her somewhere.
a. saw b. has seen c. sees d. had seen
ⅱ.直接引語和間接引語
當句子從直接引語變為間接引語時，應特別注意各部分的變化。
1. 時態的變化
(1) 若主句動詞為過去時的時候，間接引語動詞的時態變化如下：
現在時→過去時；過去時/現在完成時/過去完成時→過去完成時
“i’m preparing my lessons,” she said. →she said (that)____ _____preparing ____ lessons.
“i don’t need your help today,” tom said. →tom said (that)___ ____need ____ help.
he said to me, “i read it yesterday.”→he told me that he _______ it__________.
注：1).表示不變的真理和事實,間接引語中的動詞時態不變.
2).表示歷史上的事實或有明確的表示時間的狀語時,間接引語中的動詞時態保持不變.
the geography teacher said to us, “the earth goes around the sun.”
the geography ______ us (that) the earth ________around the sun.
the teacher said, “columbus discovered america in 1492.” →
the teacher said that columbus america in 1492.
(2).若主句動詞為現在時，間接引語的動詞時態不變。
she says, “he was very kind.” →she says (that) he very kind.
2. 人稱的變化
(1) 直接引語變為間接引語，人稱代詞要作相應的變動，使其與動詞的人稱一致。
(2) 指示代詞 this these 相應的改為 that those.
(3) 在句子的意義不會引起誤解的情況下，狀語有時也可不變。
“i’ll come here again tomorrow,” she said. 她說：“我明天還要到這兒來。”
→she said (that) she’d go there again the next day/tomorrow.
注： 動詞 come 可根據具體情況相應的改為 go.
3. 直接引語為疑問句式的變動。
當直接引語是疑問句時，除主語在人稱、時態和狀語等方面作相應的變動外，還要注意：
(1) 間接引語中要用陳述句的語序
she asked, “what is it? what’s going to happen now?”
→she asked and then.
(2) 特殊疑問句的疑問詞要保留。
the boy was wondering, “how does the computer work?”
→the boy was wondering_____________________________.
“why do you speak english so fluently?” i said to him.→i asked him .