備戰2019屆高考英語（通用版）一輪復習專題12 情態動詞
三、情態動詞表示虛擬的考查
情態動詞＋have+過去分詞表示與過去事實上相反的情況，也是高考單項選擇題涉及到情態動詞的一個重要方面。
1. there was a lot of fun at yesterday’s party. you______come, but why didn’t you?
a. must have b. should
c. need have d. ought to have
【解析】ought to have done 表示本來應該做某事而實際沒做，should do 表示現在應該做某事，與題中 at yesterday’s party 表示的時間不一致。所以選d。
2.i was really anxious about you. you______home without a word.(nmet,33)
a. mustn’t leave b. shouldn’t have left
c. couldn’t have left d. needn’t leave
3.oh, i‘m not feeling well in the stomach. i______so much fried chicken just now.
a. shouldn’t eat b. mustn’t have eaten
c. shouldn’t have eaten d. mustn’t eat
【解析】該句所表達的意思是剛才我不因該吃那么多炸雞，而實際上是吃了那么多，可以判斷用shouldn’t have eaten. 答案是 c。
分析：高考對情態動詞表示虛擬‘用法，表示與過去事實相反的情況。近幾年高考，主要側重should （not）have done 這一句式上，表示本來不該做卻做了或本來該做卻未做的事，在復習時，還應關注其它幾種虛擬形式，如need (not)have done 表示本來需要做而未做或本來不需要而做的事等等，以做到有備無患。
考點四、情態動詞與助動詞混合考查
1.tom ,you didn’t come to the party last night?
—i______, but i suddenly remembered i had homework to do . (nmet全國卷ii，20)
a. had to b. didn’t c. was going to d. wouldn’t
【解析】had to:不得不；didn’t:沒來；was going to：打算來；wouldn’t:不愿來。句意：——湯姆，昨晚你沒來參加舞會嗎？——我本打算來，但我突然記起有作業要做。but是關鍵詞，所以答案是：c。
2.your phone number again? i______quite catch it .
—it’s 86184867.
a. didn’t b. couldn’t c. don’t d. can’t
典題鏈接
【示例1】—i’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
—it ______ harry’s.he always wears green.
a.has to be
b.will be
c.mustn’t be
d.could be
解析:could 在此處表示猜測，意思是“可能”。
答案：d
【示例2】—mum，i’ve been studying english since 8 o’clock.______ i go out and play with tom for a while?
—no，i’m afraid not.besides，it’s raining outside now.
a.can’t
b.wouldn’t
c.may not
d.won’t
解析:前一說話者意在強烈要求媽媽允許他出去玩一會。意為：it’s been so long a time，and it’s quite necessary for me to go and play.
答案：a
【示例3】—excuse me，but i want to use your computer to type a report.