2019高考英語(yǔ)備考 名詞性從句
the question of whether they are male or female is not impor-
tant.
i have not decided whether to go or not.
⑥間接引語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)或者是間接引語(yǔ)提前時(shí)用whether不用if。如：
thank you, but whether i’ll be free i’m not sure at the moment.
⑦whether可引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示“不管”、“無(wú)論”，而if不能。如：
whether he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.
（3）疑問詞 + ever和no matter + 疑問詞的區(qū)別。
①疑問詞 + ever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在主從句中要充當(dāng)一定的部分。如：
whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
you can choose whatever you like in the shop.
②疑問詞 + ever還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：
whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished,
whatever you do, you must do it well.
③no matter + 疑問詞只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：
no matter what you do, you must do it well.
no matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished.
（4）when和where引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。
when 和where前面的名詞若是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的名詞，則when和where引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，否則則為同位語(yǔ)從句。如：
they put forward the question where they could get the money.
this is the place where the accident happened.
2、名詞性從句中主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)一致
（1）賓語(yǔ)從句中主句和從句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，但如果從句中表示提示的是客觀現(xiàn)象，雖然主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句仍用一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：
hello,i didn’t know you were in london. how long have you been here?
the teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.
（2）主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于單數(shù)第三人稱作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，如果由and 連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：
when the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.
when they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.
when and where the meeting will begin has not been decided.
3、名詞性從句的詞序
名詞性從句在句中要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。如：
he asked me what was the matter with me.
we ’ve heard the news that we’ll move into the new house.
whatev er you say will interest us all.
二、精典名題導(dǎo)解
選擇填空
1. a computer can only do ________ you have instructed it to do.
a.how b.after c.what d.when
解析：答案為c。本題考查的是名詞性從句作賓語(yǔ)的用法。此句的引導(dǎo)詞既作連詞又在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)一成分，故what最合適。
2. —i drove to zhuhai for the air show last week..
—is that _________ you had a few days off ? (nmet 99)
a.why b.when c.what d.where