2019屆高考英語語法定語從句要點(diǎn)專題精講
他是我曾經(jīng)看到過跳的最高的學(xué)生。
my brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn’t far from here.
我的弟弟在我們的城市最美麗的學(xué)校讀書，并且離這兒不遠(yuǎn)。
當(dāng)先行詞被the last ，the very 和the only修飾時(shí)。如：
this is the very pen that i am looking for.這正是我找的鋼筆。
the only book i want to read is missing.我惟一想看的書不見了。
在強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中，并且以who，which，what開頭時(shí)。如：
who was it that was lost ?究竟是誰迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who來代替that，避免重復(fù)）what was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？
當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞時(shí)。如：
you are the first person that i want to ask for. 你是我要見的第一個(gè)人。
this is the second book that i have ever written.這是我寫的第二本書。
當(dāng)先行詞被all，every，no，some，few，little，much，both等修飾時(shí)，如：
this is all that i want to say at the meeting.這就是我在會(huì)上要說的。
have you any books that are worth reading? 你有值得看的書嗎？
當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。如：
the professor and his achievement that i heard about are admired by them.
我聽說的那位教授和他的成就得到他們的贊美。
let’s talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.
讓我們談?wù)撃軌蛳肫鸬娜撕褪隆＊?br>當(dāng)先行詞為anything，everything，nothing時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that,不用which；但用something時(shí)，用which或者that均可。如：
everything we have seen in china is moving.我們在中國看見的東西件件感人。
i have nothing that is worth reading.我沒有什么值得一讀的東西。
當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞who時(shí)。如：
who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess? 你曾見過誰能在棋藝上打敗他？
3)that，which，whom在定語從句中作賓語可以省略。如：
this is the book (which)you were looking for yesterday. 這就是你昨天找的那本書。
i don’t like the novel (that)you are reading.我不喜歡你看的這本小說。
4)定語從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，從句的人稱、數(shù)與先行詞一致。如：
those who are in their forties are required to have a physical examination this afternoon.
請那些年齡在四十幾歲的人于今天下午去進(jìn)行體檢。
（先行詞those是復(fù)數(shù)，關(guān)系代詞who也就看作是復(fù)數(shù)，所以從句的謂語動(dòng)詞就用了復(fù)數(shù)形式are了）
this is the magazine which was sent to me by post.這是通過郵局寄給我的雜志。
（先行詞the magazine是單數(shù)，關(guān)系代詞which也就看作是單數(shù)，所以從句的謂語動(dòng)詞就用了單數(shù)形式was sent）
5)定語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不要求與主句時(shí)態(tài)一致。如：
the story which i read last night is very interesting.
我昨天晚上看的那則故事非常有趣。
3.關(guān)系副詞的用法
1)when 指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語，它的先行詞通常有time，day，morning，night，week，year 等。如：
i still remember the time when i first became a college student.