2020年高考英語系動詞及表語從句
系動詞
1. 最常用連系動詞：be(am; is/was; are/were)。
2. 表變化的系動詞：get; turn; go; fall; become; grow; come; run。用法注意：在英語中，系動詞一般只有一般現(xiàn)在 時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)變化形式，沒有其他時態(tài)變化形式。但表變化的這類系動詞除外，它們有各種時態(tài)變化。
eg: it is becoming colder and colder.
the food has gone bad.
此處還需注意的是become和turn后接表職業(yè)的名詞時冠詞的有無：
eg: two years later, he became a teacher.
但two years later, he turned teacher.
另外，go表變化時一般指事情向消極、不好的方面轉化。
3. 所謂“感官動詞”:look; sound; taste; smell; feel。一般它們在句子中譯成：。。。起來；。。。上去。此類系動詞為高考
高頻詞。eg: the food tasted good.食物嘗起來很香。
其中必須注意到它們本身也用作實義動詞，所以在平常的教學和應用中一定多比較、關注它們的用法。
eg: he looked sadly at the picture. / she looked sad after hearing the news.
tom tasted the food and it tasted good.
4. 表狀態(tài)的系動詞：keep; stay; remain;（依然是；保持）
eg: she remains loyal to her father despite his cruelty towards her.
what a lovely day today! i love fine weather and i hope it will stay fine for some more days.
much remains to be done.
5. 表像系動詞：seem; appear。漢語意義：看起來像、似乎、好像。這兩個動詞有一個共同的特點，即如果要表達時態(tài)的變化，需要后接不定時來完成。
eg: he seemed to have caught cold./ when father came in, tom seemed to be eating something.
另外此處一句型轉換也要要求學生牢記
it seemed that he had caught cold.
when father came in, it seemed that tom was eating something.
6. 終止系動詞：prove; turn out。表達“證實、證明、結果為。。。”之意。
eg: he proved (to be) right. / the experiment turned out successful.
系動詞用法應注意的幾個問題
1. 一般地說，系動詞無進行時態(tài)，無被動語態(tài) 如：
your hand feels cold.
the soup tastes good.
the dinner smells good.
2.系動詞的時態(tài)與形容詞的比較級連用的問題。
某些含有變化意義的動態(tài)系動詞如get, become, grow, turn等的進行時態(tài)可與形容詞的比較級連用，表示漸進過程，其意思是“越來越……”。例如：
he is growing taller and taller.
our life is getting better and better.
things are getting worse.
3.所有半系動詞的被動語態(tài)要分情況討論。
英語中某動詞在作系動詞用時，無被動語態(tài)，而作實義動詞用時，才有被動語態(tài)，二者不可混為一談。例如：
不能說：the apple is tasted good.因為taste此時是系動詞，“嘗起來”之意，指的是蘋果的性質(zhì)，無被動語態(tài)）
但我們可以說：the apple is tasted by me.這蘋果被我嘗了一下。（taste此時指“嘗一嘗”這一動作，有被動語態(tài)）