Public transport
2. unfortunately, the increased number of vehicles on the road choked off traffic, and the road became so busy that no one could travel anywhere. (p50) 不幸的是馬路上增加的車輛把道路堵得水泄不通，交通變得如此擁擠以致于每個人都寸步難行。
choke n. [c] v. 窒息；堵塞；阻塞
the child swallowed a pen and chocked to death.
the roads to the coast were choked with traffic.
引申：chock back 忍住，抑制
chock up 因激動等說不出話來
自我檢測
during the rush hours the roads are usually _____ up with traffic.
a. chocked b. crowded c. blocked d checked
答案： a
3. the first tunnels were opened in 1863 and were just beneath the surface of the ground. (p50) 首批地鐵隧道于1863年開通，他們緊靠地面。
beneath prep. 低于，在……之下
比較：1) under prep.
in ad 79 the city of pompei was buried under a layer of ash seven meters deep.
2) below adv., prep.
from the top of the skyscraper the cars below us looked like insects.
they have three children below the age of (= younger than) four.
4. sixteen years later, in 1884, the metropolitan railway company and the metropolitan district railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. (p50) XX年后，于1884年大都會鐵路公司于大都會區(qū)鐵路公司取得聯(lián)系共同為城市中部提供地鐵服務(wù)。
link v. [t]
the use of cfcs has been linked to the depletion of the ozone layer.
n. [c] their links with britain are still strong.
link up they linked up two areas by telephone.
用法拓展: be connected with 與……相接，和……有聯(lián)系
5. these new ways of digging accelerated the pace of the london underground’s development. (p50) 這些新的隧道開挖方法加快了倫敦地鐵的發(fā)展腳步。
accelerate v. [i] i accelerated to overtake the bus.
compare: decelerate
v. [i] the car decelerated at the sight of the police car.
accelerated adj. 加速的 acceleration n. 加速度
自我檢測
a driver ______ his car when he makes it go faster or increased its speed.
a. modifies b. duplicates c. accelerates d stimulates
答案：c
pace n. [u]: a slow/fast pace
when she thought she heard someone following her, she quickened her pace.
these changes seem to me to be happening at too fast a pace.
引申：keep pace with 與……并駕齊驅(qū) at a … pace 以……的速度