三、虛擬語氣在各種從句中的用法
they requested that he (should) sing a song. 他們要求他唱一首歌。
比較:
動(dòng)詞suggest和insist后面的賓語從句,應(yīng)根據(jù)不同情況選用陳述語氣或虛擬語氣。
suggest作“建議”解時(shí),用虛擬語氣,作“使想起、暗示”解時(shí),用陳述語氣。
his silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.他的沉默暗示他贊同我的決定。(暗示)
he suggested that i (should) stick to my decision.他建議我堅(jiān)持自己的決定。(建議)
insist作“堅(jiān)決要求”解時(shí),用虛擬語氣,作“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”解時(shí),用陳述語氣。
he insists that doing morning exercises does good to people's health. 他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為做早操對(duì)健康有益。(強(qiáng)調(diào))
he insists that he (should) do morning exercises every day.他堅(jiān)持每天都要做早操。(要求)
②在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語從句中用虛擬語氣,表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。
一般過去時(shí)weredid 表示目前不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
i wish i were a bird. 但愿我是一只小鳥。
i wish i knew the answer.我要是知道答案就好了。
過去完成時(shí) had done 表示過去不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
i wish she had taken my advice.那時(shí)她要是接受我的建議就好了。
i wish that i had seen her yesterday.真希望我昨天見過她。
過去將來時(shí) wouldcould do表示將來沒有把握或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
i wish you would stay an hour longer. 我希望你再呆一個(gè)小時(shí)。
i wish it could stop raining.但愿雨能停。
提示:
由于wish和hope的漢語意思差不多,在使用上往往容易出錯(cuò)。wish一般表示“希望”、“但愿”,表示不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望,后接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語氣;hope表示“希望”,指可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望,后接從句時(shí)用陳述語氣。
the students hope that their football team will win the game. 學(xué)生們希望他們的足球隊(duì)獲勝。 (可能實(shí)現(xiàn))
i wish i could see him now. 我希望現(xiàn)在就能看到他。(不可能實(shí)現(xiàn))
3.表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬語氣
在表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中,謂語動(dòng)詞要用“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。
my advice is that you (should) practise speaking english as often as possible.我的建議是你盡可能經(jīng)常地練習(xí)說英語。
the demand is that the composition (should) be written on one side only. 按照要求作文必須單面謄寫。
it is my desire that all the members of the family (should) gather once a year. 我的愿望是所有家庭成員一年團(tuán)圓一次。
the suggestion that education (should) be reformed is reasonable. 教育要改革的建議是合理的。
必背:
表示建議、勸告、命令等含義的名詞常見的有