Abraham Lincoln

教學目標

Teaching Aims
通過本單元的教學，使學生掌握表示個人看法的常用語句，學習由關系副詞where, when引導的定語從句，通過對課文的學習，了解美國前總統亞伯拉罕·林肯的生平。
1.單詞set, fight, end ,death, spare, honest
2.短語fight for/ against/ with, in the end, set free, no more than, in all, set up, of one’s own, break out, break away from, join up, consider…as, best to death, call for
3.日常交際用語
1) What’s on at the cinema this week?
2) What’s it about?
3) That sounds interesting.
4.語法
復習已學的定語從句，學習由when/ when引導的定語從句。

教學建議

對話分析
本篇對話在Part I部分提供給學生四張圖片，講述奴隸生活的悲慘及要求獲得自由，讓學生用正確的句子與圖片搭配起來做練習。Part II 的對話是兩個朋友在談論一部新電影，對話用語使用的表達語，如：What’s on?/ What’s it about?/等表示個人看法的常用語句。

課文建議
教師在課堂教學活動中可使用以下方法：1）采訪練習，教師組織，由一名學生扮演林肯，另一名學生扮演記者采訪他，編演對話。2）教師抓住課文中的時間點，讓學生精讀課文，回答不同的時間內，林肯的主要活動，如：1860，1864,1865等，3）教師可利用擴展資料提供的知識，給學生展示林肯的圖片及它的生平故事，同時還有其它的相關擴展的內容。

教學重點和難點
辨析fight against/fight with/fight for
fight against后接事物名詞時意為“為反對……而斗爭”，后接表示人或國家的名詞時意為“和（同）……斗爭（戰斗）”，此時可與fight with替換使用，只是fight against 語氣強些。
They fought bravely for liberation. 他們為了解放而英勇斗爭。
fight with只接表示人或國家的名詞，意思等同于fight against, 但如果和against出現在同一句子里時則表示“和……并肩作戰”。
England fought with France against German fascists during the Second World War. 二戰期間英國同法國一道抗擊德國法西斯。
fight for多表示“為……而戰”。
They fought with Italians in the last war but against them in this. 在上次戰爭中他們和意大利人并肩作戰，而這次卻同意大利人交戰。

辨析 read sth. 和 read about sth.
read sth. 讀某東西
I read about this accident this morning.今早我讀到了有關這一事故的材料。
read about sth. 讀有關某事的材料，如：
I read the news in the newspaper.我在讀報紙上的消息。
再如：
write sb. 給某人寫信
write about sb. 寫書、報道等宣傳某人
write a book 寫書
write a book about sb. 為某人寫傳記

辨析shoot/shoot at
shoot表示“射中或射死”某人或某人物，強調射擊的結果
He fired and shot the tiger.他開了槍并且射中了老虎。
shoot at 意為“朝或對準某人/物射擊”，只強調射擊的動作，不強調射擊的結果，如：
In the game he shot at the basket 11 times but had only 5 successes.在比賽中他投籃11次，但只有五次投中。

辨析no more than /not more than
在數量上進行比較時，no more than =only, 意為“僅僅，只有”；not more than=at most, 意為“至少，不超過”。例如：
There are no more than ten people in the room. 房間里只有十個人。
I have not more than 20 books.我最多有20本書。
在程度上進行比較時，no more than有“兩者都不”之意，表示說話者主觀上嫌其少（差、不足、不好）等；not more than含有“不及、不多于”之意。只反映實際情況，無任何語氣。
This book is no more interesting than that one.這本書并不比那本書有趣。
This story is not more interesting than that one.這個故事不如那個故事有趣。
no more than of可以擴展為 no+比較級than。例如：
no better than( =as bad as)比……好不了多少
no more than( =as few/little as)你……一樣窮
no richer than( =as poor as)像……一樣窮
no larger than( =as small as) 像……一樣小
He is no happier than his brother. 他并不比他弟弟更幸福。

辨析so...that 與 such...that
這兩結構都表示“如此……以致于……”，但用法各有不同。
so + 形容詞/副詞+that（結果狀語從句），它可用too…to或enough to來表達，如：
She was so angry that she couldn’t say a word.
( =She was too angry to say a word. ) 她氣得一句話都說不出來。
so + 形容詞+a / an +名詞+that從句，如：
He is so clever a boy that everyone likes him. 他如此聰明，大家都喜歡他。
He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
It was such terrible weather that we had to stay at home all day.天氣如此惡劣，我們只好整天呆在家里。

分析break away
作“脫離，斷絕往來”解，常與from連用，表示“同……脫離關系”，“同……決裂”。
It was wrong for him to break away from all his good friends.他和他的好朋友們決裂是錯誤的。
The students were encouraged to break away from the bad habits.學生們受到鼓勵與壞習慣決裂。

分析break out
作“爆發”，“突然發生”解。它與happen, take place, come out等詞的用法一樣，是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態。
Could you tell me when World War II broke out? 你能告訴我第二次世界大戰什么時候爆發的嗎？
Shortly after the fire broke out, the firemen arrived and controlled the fire.在火災發生后很短的時間內，消防隊員們就到達現場并控制住了火勢。
I don't know why a quarrel broke out between the two neighbours because they used to be close friends.我不知道為什么這兩個鄰居之間會發生爭吵，因為他們以前曾是很親密的朋友。

分析consider
作“認為”講，后跟不定式的復合結構。“consider sb./sth. to be”，這一結構表示“認為某人/某事……”，“把……當作……”。與 “regard sb./sth. as” 相同。
Jenny is considered (to be) warm-hearted. 珍尼被認為是個熱心人。
The Great Wall is considered as one of the most interesting places in the world. 長城被認為是世界上最有趣的地方之一。

分析be sad at…
說明]作“聽到/看到……而難過”解，表示引起某種情緒的原因。類似的詞還有be surprised at;
be angry at; be glad at; be happy at; be frightened at 等等。
He was angry at losing the chance to go abroad.他失去了出國的機會，很生氣。

關系副詞when，where引導的定語從句

關系副詞 用法 例句（關系副詞=介詞=關系代詞）
where 地點/場所 This is the place where / in which I was born.
why 理由/原因 This is the reason why / for which they cannot come today.
when 時間 I know the time when / at which he will leave.
不可用how 方式 This is the way in which I study / which I study in. This is the way that I study.
1）when指時間，相當于at that time，在從句中作時間狀語。如：
I still remember the day when( =on which) I first came to Beijing.我還記得第一次來到北京那天的情景。
She came at a time when we needed her most.她在我們最需要的時候來了。
2)where相當于at that place，在從句中作地點狀語。如：
This is the house where (in which) my father used to live.這就是我父親以前住過的房子。
Do you know the street where Li Fang lives?你知道李芳居住的那條街嗎?
3)先行詞是表時間或地點的名詞時，關系詞的選擇要慎重，必須看它在從句中充當什么成分。下列句子就不能用when或where：
The building ( which/that) they built 10 years ago was destroyed in the storm last night.他們十年前建的那棟房子在昨晚的風暴中毀壞了。
The village ( that/which) we visited is very beautiful.我們參觀的那個村子景色很美。
We'll never forget the day ( that/which) we spent together in Wuhan.我們將不會忘記我們在武漢一起度過的日子。
1. I'll never forget the day _____ we spent together last week.
2. I'll never forget the day _____ we met each other last week.
3. Do you still remember the hall _____ we visited the painting exhibition?
4. After living in New York for 10 years, he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.
5. It is the third time _____ you have made the same mistake.
Key: that/ which, when, where, where, that