Reference for Teaching
（3）動詞+副詞，這一類短語動詞有的作及物動詞，有的作不及物動詞，如break down,put out,wake up,break out,think over,give out,work out等。
then the car i was in broke down.
這時我乘坐的汽車壞了。
the monitor gave the books out.
班長把書發給了大家。
(4)動詞+副詞+介詞，這一類短語動詞作及物動詞，如：look down upon,look for—ward to,catch up with,make up for,go on with等。
i wish you wouldn’t look down on this kind of work.
我希望你不要看不起這種工作。
he made up for the part of an old man.
他化裝扮演一個老頭兒。
(5)動詞+名詞+介詞，這一類短語動詞作及物動詞，如catch sight of,make use of,put an end to,play a role in,pay attention to等。
just then they caught sight of us.
就在這時候他們看見了我們。
we must make good use of our time.
我們要很好地利用時間。
pay attention to the well-being of the masses.
要關心群眾的生活。
（6）及物動詞+賓語+介詞+賓語，如devote...to,change...into,prevent/stop/keep...from,divide...into,tell...from等。
some of them were devoted to (the study of) naturual science.
他們有些人專門研究自然科學。
how can we tell the good from the bad?
我們怎么能區分好壞？
（7）系動詞be+形容詞+介詞，這一類短語動詞相當于及物動詞，如be fond of,be worried about,be familiar with,be equal to,be good at等。
i am not very familiar with botanical names.
我不太熟悉植物學方面的名稱。
he is fond of music.
他喜歡音樂。
4.beyond的用法
(1)介詞（prep.）
①在……的那邊；越過
the house is beyond the bridge.
房屋在橋的那一邊。
don’t go beyond the town boundary.
不要走出市界。
②（指時間）超過；晚于
don’t stay out beyond 10 o’clock.
不要在外面待到十點鐘以后還不回家。
she never sees beyond the present.
她從未看到將來。
③超出；出乎；為……所不能及
your work is beyond all praise,so good that it cannot be praised enough.
你的作品叫人贊揚不盡。
we succeeded beyond our hopes,were more successful than we had hoped to be.
我們獲得如此之成功，是我們始料不及的。
he lives beyond his income,spends more than he earns.
他的生活入不敷出。
④（常用于否定句和疑問句）除……以外
i know nothing of it beyond what he told me.
除了他告訴我的以外，別的我什么都不知道。
（2）副詞（adv.） 在遠處；向遠處；更遠地
look beyond 往遠處看
(3)名詞（n.） 遠處
the back of beyond 極遠的地方；天涯海角
ⅲ.詞語辨析
1.run out of,run out
①run out of短語多用于完成時和進行時，其主語一般是人。
we have run out of coal and have to burn wood.
我們的煤燒完了，只好燒柴禾。
three months passed.they were running out of their food and money.
三個月過去了，他們的糧食和錢就要用完了。