Unit1 Great Scientists-Grammar 學案
過去分詞作定語和表語-- look at the excited boy! why is he so happy?-- he has got the first prize in the contest.-- no wonder he is excited!一、過去分詞作定語1. 前置定語被動意義：an respected guest 一位受尊敬的客人how many finished products have you got up to now?=how many products that have been finished have you got up to now?到現在為止，你已經得到多少成品？完成意義：a retired worker 一位退休的工人the children are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.=the children are cleaning the leaves that have fallen in the yard.孩子們正在打掃院子里的落葉。總結：________的過去分詞作定語，通常放在被修飾的名詞之______, 作前置定語。表示________和________的意義。2.后置定語things seen are better than things heard.=things which are seen are better than things which are heard.眼見最好。this will be the best novel of its kind ever written.=this will be the best novel of its kind that has ever been written.這將是這類小說中寫得最好的。總結：過去分詞短語作定語時，放在被修飾的名詞之______，作后置定語，作用相當于一個____________。注意：① 如被修飾的詞是 something, anything, everything, nothing ,-one, -body以及those等, 分詞放在被修飾詞的后面。do you have anything unfinished? 你還有什么沒完成的事嗎？he is one of those kidnapped. 他是那些被綁架的人之一。② 單個分詞也可以作后置定語, 用以強調動作。they decided to change the material used. 他們決定更換使用的材料。③ 不及物動詞的過去分詞僅表示時間的完成, 無被動意義。現在分詞表示動作正在進行。fallen leaves落葉 falling leaves正在下落的樹葉 a developed country發達國家 a developing country發展中國家 the boiled water(涼）開水 the boiling water沸水二、過去分詞作表語the teacher seemed quite delighted at the idea.when we heard of the story, we were deeply moved.his hair is nearly all gone.過去分詞作表語表示主語的_________和_________。注意：①作表語的過去分詞，________的意味很弱，主要表示動作的_______和某一_______，相當于一個形容詞。the boat is broken.the street is crowded.