Sports（精選16篇）

Sports 篇1

　　教學目標 

　　Teaching aims and demands

　　通過本單元的教學，通過詞匯的學習學生能掌握exciting, take part in, hand in等單詞和詞組的用法，學習表達愛好的用語以及如何詢問對方的愛好的表達方法。根據課文所提供的內容，用英語描述奧林運會的歷史、發展、過去與現狀，能夠列舉出中國運動員所參加的一些項目和在奧運會中取得的優異成績。繼續學習由關系代詞who, that, which等引導的定語從句，并掌握這部分語法內容。

　　Teaching important and difficult points

　　I. Words and phrases

　　athlete, compete, competitor, competition, unusual, swift, medal, gold, prize, Olympic Games, in modern times, take part in, exciting, have sports, read out

　　II. Useful expressions

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　III. Grammar

　　Learning prep + which / whom+ Clause

　　教學建議

　　課文建議

　　建議教師在上些課時，可采用以下方法，比如：1）教師可給學生展示奧運會圖片，供學生講述。2）教師利用多媒體形式，如：錄像、VCD在課堂上給學生放映等，可提高學生的興趣與積極性。3）教師可用一些課文中出現的數字、時間進行組織教學，用一些詞連接起來，組成一篇文章，如：776BC，The old Olympic Games began around the year 776 BC in Greece. At that time the young men competed in running, jumping and wrestling., so on.

　　課文分析

　　本單元主要用英語描述奧林運會的歷史、發展、過去與現狀，詳細列舉出在1984、1992年奧林匹克運動的擴大、中國運動員所參加的一些項目和在奧運會中取得的優異成績等，課文中最大的特點是采用大量的數字與年代，如：393AD，8,000,25th等。同時在語言運用中使用prep .+which / whom+ clause，如：Some of the games in which the young men competed….so on.

　　教學重點和難點

　　have sports的用法

　　have sports 是個固定搭配，sport常用復數形式（包括運動和戶外活動），表示“進行體育運動”。

　　We often have sports at school after class.課后我們經常在學校進行體育活動。

　　已學過have構成的詞組有：

　　have a good time玩和高興

　　have a meeting (match, rest, swim, tall, walk, etc.) 開會（比賽、休息、游泳、談話、散步，等）

　　have a class/classes/lessons 上課 have a cold 感冒

　　have a baby (boy, girl) 生小孩（男孩、女孩）have a cough 咳嗽

　　have a holiday 放假 have an accident 出事故

　　have to do sth. 不得不做 have some medicine 吃藥

　　have breakfast /lunch /supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯have got sth. 得到某物

　　have sth for breakfast 早飯吃……

　　prefer的用法

　　1）prefer：表示寧愿，更喜歡。后可接名詞、代詞、不定式、不定式復合結構或V-ing形式。

　　Which would you prefer, tea or coffee?

　　茶和咖啡，你較喜歡哪一種？

　　I’d prefer you to wash the clothes. 我想要你來洗衣服。

　　2）prefer A to B (=like A better than B) “喜歡A而不喜歡B/喜歡A勝過喜歡B”

　　I prefer dogs to cats. 我喜歡狗不喜歡貓。

　　3）prefer to do rather than (to) do “寧愿……而不……”

　　She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.他寧愿和我們一道去，而不愿留下。

　　2 . sport, game, match 與 race辨析

　　1）sport指各種運動或戶外游戲，多限于體力鍛煉，不以輸贏為主要目的。常有下列用法：

　　sports jacket 運動服sports meet 運動會

　　sportsman 男運動愛好者，男運動員

　　sports woman女運動員sports ground 運動場

　　sports page of the paper 報紙體育專版

　　school sports 校運會

　　2）game作“游戲、比賽”解，指有一定規則的游戲或運動，且以輸贏為主要目的。指球賽時，美國英語用game, 英國英語用match。game還可指大型的國際體育運動會、比賽。

　　the Asian Games 亞運會the Olympic Games 奧運會

　　3）match一般指競技比賽，較正式的球類比賽（網球、高爾夫球等）、拳擊等常用match.

　　They are having a football match. 他們舉行一場足球比賽。

　　4）race通常指賽跑、賽馬、賽車、賽船等運動。如：

　　100-metre race 100米賽跑 go to the races 去看賽馬

　　3 . join, take part in ,attend的辨析

　　這幾個詞或短語都有“參加”的意思。區別：

　　1)join：指加入某個組織成為其中一員。

　　join the Army/the Party/the League參軍/入黨/入團

　　join (sb.) 指參與某項活動，口語中常與take part in 通用。

　　He joined you in the walk.他和你們散步。

　　2)take part in指參加群眾性活動、會議并在其中起積極作用。

　　May I take part in your game? 我可以參加你們的游戲嗎？

　　3)attend是正式用語，指參加會議、婚禮、典禮；聽報告、講座等。

　　He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要參加一個重要會議。

　　The same as, the same that的辨析

　　1) the same …as有兩個含義：“和……一樣”，“像……那樣”。比如：

　　She is wearing the same dress as she wore yesterday. 這句話有兩個含義：

　　她穿著昨天穿的那件衣服。（就是同一件）

　　她穿的衣服像她昨天穿的那件。（即只是像，但不是同一件）

　　2）the same…that為“和……一樣的”。比如：

　　She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.她穿著昨天穿的那件衣服。即只等于the same …as的第一個含義。

　　3）若要表示“同一個”時，關系代詞可用as,也可用that.若要表示“不是同一個”時，關系代詞只用as。

　　4)如果后面的從句不完整，從句謂語動詞省略了，就只能用as,不用that。

　　4×100

　　time其它詞意的用法

　　1）表示作“時間”解，是不可數名詞；作可數名詞時，有下列幾種用法：

　　in modern/ancient times 在現代/在古代

　　He is one of the most important men of the time. 他是當代最重要的人物之一。

　　2）可用來表示次數。

　　I’ve met her several times. 我見過她好幾次。

　　3）可表示倍數或乘法。

　　This room is 3 times as big as that one. 這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。

　　compete的用法

　　compete: 比賽；競爭，是不及物動詞，常與介詞in, for, against等連用。

　　They're competing for a prize. 他們在為獲獎而競爭。

　　compete 的名詞有：competitor 參賽者competition競爭，競賽（可指各種形式的競賽）。

　　More than 1,000 competitors took part in the competition.一千多參賽者參加了這項競賽。

　　every four years 每四年

　　every 與數詞或few, other 連用，表示時間或空間的間隔，其中幾個主要結構如下：

　　①every+基數詞+復數名詞。

　　I go there every three days.我每隔兩天(每三天)到那兒去一趟。

　　They move on to a new place every two or three years.

　　②every+序數詞+單數可數名詞，譯為：“每第……”。

　　He comes to see his uncle every third week.

　　③every +other+單數可數名詞,“每隔……”。

　　He goes to town every other day(every two days).

　　④every +few+復數名詞 ，“每隔幾……”。

　　He stopped and turned around every few metres.

　　教學設計方案Lesson 37

　　Teaching Aims

　　1 .To train the Ss’ skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing.

　　2. To learn some useful sentences and some new words and expressions through practice.

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　have sports, be good at, read out ,exciting

　　Teaching procedures

　　Step I Warming up

　　1.What sports do you know?

　　Collect the English words on the Bb.

　　Volleyball/ basketball/ football /table tennis/ tennis/ badminton/ golf/ horse – riding/ shooting/ wrestling/ sailing/ swimming/ hunting/ fishing/ skiing

　　2.Which sport do you like better, ...or...?

　　Use all the names of sports the Se have learned to answer this question. )Then ask the 58:

　　3.Which sport do you prefer, ... or... ?

　　Ask one e student to answer the question using the following structure.

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　Ask more students to practise the two structures.

　　Step ⅡListening

　　First we'll listen to the tape. After that there are two questions for you to answer. Please listen carefully with your books closed. Questions:

　　1) Which Sport does A prefer?   2)What about B?

　　horse → riding             shooting

　　2. Let the Ss listen to the tape again and repeat.

　　Ask them to pay more attention to the pronunciation and intonation of the dialogue.

　　Step Ⅲ Practise

　　Paraphrase the following sentences and words.

　　1) Which do you prefer, horse - riding or shooting?

　　Which do you like better, horse - riding or shooting ?

　　2)I prefer horse - riding to shooting.

　　I like horse-riding better than shooting.

　　3)In fact, I'm on our city team.

　　In fact, I'm working for/belonging to our city team.

　　Step Ⅳ Oral practise

　　1)Let the Ss make similar dialogues according to the following pictures

　　Names: football, basketball, sailing, jumping, running, swimming, shooting, wrestling

　　－Do you often have sports?

　　－Sure/Of course.

　　－Which sport do you prefer, . . . or. . . ?

　　－I prefer. . . to. . .

　　Step ⅤSummary

　　1. Ask the Ss to sum up all the expressions and structures in this lesson.

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer, ..to...

　　have sports, be good at, read out, exciting

　　2. Let the Ss make some sentences using these expressions and structures.

　　Step Ⅵ Homework

　　1. Finish the exercises in this lesson.

　　2. Revise the names of different sports.

　　3. Preview Lesson 38.

　　Lesson 38教學設計方案

　　I: Teaching Aims and Demands

　　1. Have a good understanding of the text

　　2. Language points

　　3.Master the Attributive clause with prep.+which/whom

　　4. Get the students to understand the history ,spirits and meanings of the Olympic Games

　　ІI: Important and Difficult Points

　　1.the same …as…

　　2.the different uses and meanings of time

　　3. prep .+which / whom+ clause

　　IV: Teaching Procedure

　　STEP I. Revision :

　　1.Revise the names of some sports:

　　horse riding, shooting, wrestling, sailing

　　2.Allow the Ss some minutes to make up dialogues with the names of different sports and practise the following structures.

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . . to. . .

　　STEP II Warming-up:

　　1. The T shows the picture of the Olympic Flag to the Ss. The teacher may ask a question like this: “Do you know the Olympic flag?”

　　2. Ask them to discuss the Olympic Flag.

　　There are five rings joined together. The five rings stand for five continents. They are Asia, America, Africa Europe, and Oceania. They are joined together as a sign of friendship. The different colours stand for different continents. Asia: yellow; America: red; Africa: black; Europe: blue; Oceania: green

　　STEPIII Listening:

　　I. Listen to the tape twice, then T show some numbers to the Ss

　　1)4 years  2)776BC   3)393AD  4)1896(311/13)  5)1984   6)1992(8,000/150//250/16/12)

　　II. Allow the Ss enough time to discuss the meanings of these numbers first in groups and then  in class. The T should write some key words on the Bb.

　　1) every 4 years, take part in

　　2) around the year 776BC, the old Olympics

　　3) about the year 393AD, stop

　　4) in 1894, the first Olympic Games, 311 competitors, 13 countries

　　5)in 1984,4 gold medals

　　6) in 1992, 8, 000 competitors, 150 countries, 16 gold medals, 12 gold medals won by women

　　STEP ⅣReading:

　　Ask the Ss to read the text from the beginning to the end and try to find out the answer to the following question.

　　1) How often are the Olympic Games held?

　　2) When and where did the old Olympic Games begin?

　　3) When did the Olympic Games stop?

　　4) When did the first Olympic Games in modem times happen?

　　5) How many competitors were there in the 1896 games?

　　6) In which Olympic Games did Carl Lewis win 4 gold medals?

　　7) When and where did the 25th Olympic Games begin?

　　8) How many competitors went there?

　　9) How many gold medals did the Chinese team win in Barcelona?

　　10) How many gold medals were won by the Chinese women?

　　StepⅤLanguage points:

　　Ask the Ss to sum up the new words and expressions and help them to explain them in English. Write the new words and expressions on the Bb.

　　athlete → a person who is very good at sports and who competes in games

　　compete→ to try to win in competition with someone else

　　competitor→ someone who takes part in a competition

　　unusual →something strange, not usual

　　motto→ a short sentence or a few words taken as the guiding principle of a person and the way he believes.

　　swift→fast

　　prize→something of value given to someone who is successful in a game, race, competition, etc.

　　take part in→work. or play with other people in. 

　　2. Ask the Ss to fill in the gaps with the new words

　　1. John ____ for a place at their school, but didn’t get in.

　　2. During the ____, they exchanged experience with the players from other countries.

　　3.____ will be given for the three best stories.

　　4. You will need a ____ horse to take you there.

　　5. Don't lose hope; remember the ____ “Never say die”.

　　6.I like that painting; it's most____.

　　7. British ____ won five gold medals in the Olympics.

　　8. Tell the ____ for the next race to come here.

　　9. Did you ____ ____ ____ the fighting?

　　Keys: competed; competitions; Prizes; swift; motto; unusual; athletes; competitors; take part in

　　STEP Ⅵ:Discussion:

　　1.Where will the 2008 Olympic Games be held ?

　　2.What do you think you prepare for the 2008 Olympic Games ?

　　3.Discus where and when several Olympic Games hold in modern times?

　　STEP Ⅶ:Exercise:

　　Ask the Ss to fill in the passage according to the text.

　　The Olympic Games are held every   1   years. Athletes   2   all over the world   3   it.

　　The old Olympic Games began around the year  4  in Greece. Many of the sports were the same   5   they are now.   6  were not allowed to take part in it.

　　After about the year  7  the Olympic Games stopped. For  8  there were no Olympic Games.

　　The first Olympic Games  9   happened in   10 . It was held in Greece. There are   11

　　competitors from just   12  countries. In 1992 over   13   competitors from more than   14  countries went to Barcelona for the   15   Summer Olympics! There are over   16   different sports in the games. Sailing, horse riding and shooting are some of the unusual sports. In Barcelona the Chinese team got   17   gold medals, of which   18   were won by women.

　　STEP Ⅷ Summary

　　1. We know the history, spirit and meaning of the Olympic Games.

　　2 .We have learned some language points

　　3 .prep. +which/whom

　　STEP Ⅸ Homework:

　　1. Finish off the exercises in this lesson.

　　2. Read the passage again.

　　3. Retell the text

　　4. Point out the Attributive Clause in this lesson.

　　探究活動

　　Discussion:

　　教師給學生題目進行探討，如：Which sport do you like best?,教師可提供與此體育運動名稱相關詞組，如：prefer, good at, badminton, gymnastics, archery, rowing, skating, so on.教師可簡單給學生一個范例，如：

　　I love sports. I prefer badminton to rowing. In fact, I’m also good at skating…….

Sports 篇2

　　教學目標 

　　Teaching aims and demands

　　通過本單元的教學，通過詞匯的學習學生能掌握exciting, take part in, hand in等單詞和詞組的用法，學習表達愛好的用語以及如何詢問對方的愛好的表達方法。根據課文所提供的內容，用英語描述奧林運會的歷史、發展、過去與現狀，能夠列舉出中國運動員所參加的一些項目和在奧運會中取得的優異成績。繼續學習由關系代詞who, that, which等引導的定語從句，并掌握這部分語法內容。

　　Teaching important and difficult points

　　I. Words and phrases

　　athlete, compete, competitor, competition, unusual, swift, medal, gold, prize, Olympic Games, in modern times, take part in, exciting, have sports, read out

　　II. Useful expressions

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　III. Grammar

　　Learning prep + which / whom+ Clause

　　教學建議

　　課文建議

　　建議教師在上些課時，可采用以下方法，比如：1）教師可給學生展示奧運會圖片，供學生講述。2）教師利用多媒體形式，如：錄像、VCD在課堂上給學生放映等，可提高學生的興趣與積極性。3）教師可用一些課文中出現的數字、時間進行組織教學，用一些詞連接起來，組成一篇文章，如：776BC，The old Olympic Games began around the year 776 BC in Greece. At that time the young men competed in running, jumping and wrestling., so on.

　　課文分析

　　本單元主要用英語描述奧林運會的歷史、發展、過去與現狀，詳細列舉出在1984、1992年奧林匹克運動的擴大、中國運動員所參加的一些項目和在奧運會中取得的優異成績等，課文中最大的特點是采用大量的數字與年代，如：393AD，8,000,25th等。同時在語言運用中使用prep .+which / whom+ clause，如：Some of the games in which the young men competed….so on.

　　教學重點和難點

　　have sports的用法

　　have sports 是個固定搭配，sport常用復數形式（包括運動和戶外活動），表示“進行體育運動”。

　　We often have sports at school after class.課后我們經常在學校進行體育活動。

　　已學過have構成的詞組有：

　　have a good time玩和高興

　　have a meeting (match, rest, swim, tall, walk, etc.) 開會（比賽、休息、游泳、談話、散步，等）

　　have a class/classes/lessons 上課 have a cold 感冒

　　have a baby (boy, girl) 生小孩（男孩、女孩）have a cough 咳嗽

　　have a holiday 放假 have an accident 出事故

　　have to do sth. 不得不做 have some medicine 吃藥

　　have breakfast /lunch /supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯have got sth. 得到某物

　　have sth for breakfast 早飯吃……

　　prefer的用法

　　1）prefer：表示寧愿，更喜歡。后可接名詞、代詞、不定式、不定式復合結構或V-ing形式。

　　Which would you prefer, tea or coffee?

　　茶和咖啡，你較喜歡哪一種？

　　I’d prefer you to wash the clothes. 我想要你來洗衣服。

　　2）prefer A to B (=like A better than B) “喜歡A而不喜歡B/喜歡A勝過喜歡B”

　　I prefer dogs to cats. 我喜歡狗不喜歡貓。

　　3）prefer to do rather than (to) do “寧愿……而不……”

　　She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.他寧愿和我們一道去，而不愿留下。

　　2 . sport, game, match 與 race辨析

　　1）sport指各種運動或戶外游戲，多限于體力鍛煉，不以輸贏為主要目的。常有下列用法：

　　sports jacket 運動服sports meet 運動會

　　sportsman 男運動愛好者，男運動員

　　sports woman女運動員sports ground 運動場

　　sports page of the paper 報紙體育專版

　　school sports 校運會

　　2）game作“游戲、比賽”解，指有一定規則的游戲或運動，且以輸贏為主要目的。指球賽時，美國英語用game, 英國英語用match。game還可指大型的國際體育運動會、比賽。

　　the Asian Games 亞運會the Olympic Games 奧運會

　　3）match一般指競技比賽，較正式的球類比賽（網球、高爾夫球等）、拳擊等常用match.

　　They are having a football match. 他們舉行一場足球比賽。

　　4）race通常指賽跑、賽馬、賽車、賽船等運動。如：

　　100-metre race 100米賽跑 go to the races 去看賽馬

　　3 . join, take part in ,attend的辨析

　　這幾個詞或短語都有“參加”的意思。區別：

　　1)join：指加入某個組織成為其中一員。

　　join the Army/the Party/the League參軍/入黨/入團

　　join (sb.) 指參與某項活動，口語中常與take part in 通用。

　　He joined you in the walk.他和你們散步。

　　2)take part in指參加群眾性活動、會議并在其中起積極作用。

　　May I take part in your game? 我可以參加你們的游戲嗎？

　　3)attend是正式用語，指參加會議、婚禮、典禮；聽報告、講座等。

　　He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要參加一個重要會議。

　　The same as, the same that的辨析

　　1) the same …as有兩個含義：“和……一樣”，“像……那樣”。比如：

　　She is wearing the same dress as she wore yesterday. 這句話有兩個含義：

　　她穿著昨天穿的那件衣服。（就是同一件）

　　她穿的衣服像她昨天穿的那件。（即只是像，但不是同一件）

　　2）the same…that為“和……一樣的”。比如：

　　She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.她穿著昨天穿的那件衣服。即只等于the same …as的第一個含義。

　　3）若要表示“同一個”時，關系代詞可用as,也可用that.若要表示“不是同一個”時，關系代詞只用as。

　　4)如果后面的從句不完整，從句謂語動詞省略了，就只能用as,不用that。

　　4×100

　　time其它詞意的用法

　　1）表示作“時間”解，是不可數名詞；作可數名詞時，有下列幾種用法：

　　in modern/ancient times 在現代/在古代

　　He is one of the most important men of the time. 他是當代最重要的人物之一。

　　2）可用來表示次數。

　　I’ve met her several times. 我見過她好幾次。

　　3）可表示倍數或乘法。

　　This room is 3 times as big as that one. 這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。

　　compete的用法

　　compete: 比賽；競爭，是不及物動詞，常與介詞in, for, against等連用。

　　They're competing for a prize. 他們在為獲獎而競爭。

　　compete 的名詞有：competitor 參賽者competition競爭，競賽（可指各種形式的競賽）。

　　More than 1,000 competitors took part in the competition.一千多參賽者參加了這項競賽。

　　every four years 每四年

　　every 與數詞或few, other 連用，表示時間或空間的間隔，其中幾個主要結構如下：

　　①every+基數詞+復數名詞。

　　I go there every three days.我每隔兩天(每三天)到那兒去一趟。

　　They move on to a new place every two or three years.

　　②every+序數詞+單數可數名詞，譯為：“每第……”。

　　He comes to see his uncle every third week.

　　③every +other+單數可數名詞,“每隔……”。

　　He goes to town every other day(every two days).

　　④every +few+復數名詞 ，“每隔幾……”。

　　He stopped and turned around every few metres.

　　教學設計方案Lesson 37

　　Teaching Aims

　　1 .To train the Ss’ skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing.

　　2. To learn some useful sentences and some new words and expressions through practice.

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　have sports, be good at, read out ,exciting

　　Teaching procedures

　　Step I Warming up

　　1.What sports do you know?

　　Collect the English words on the Bb.

　　Volleyball/ basketball/ football /table tennis/ tennis/ badminton/ golf/ horse – riding/ shooting/ wrestling/ sailing/ swimming/ hunting/ fishing/ skiing

　　2.Which sport do you like better, ...or...?

　　Use all the names of sports the Se have learned to answer this question. )Then ask the 58:

　　3.Which sport do you prefer, ... or... ?

　　Ask one e student to answer the question using the following structure.

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　Ask more students to practise the two structures.

　　Step ⅡListening

　　First we'll listen to the tape. After that there are two questions for you to answer. Please listen carefully with your books closed. Questions:

　　1) Which Sport does A prefer?   2)What about B?

　　horse → riding             shooting

　　2. Let the Ss listen to the tape again and repeat.

　　Ask them to pay more attention to the pronunciation and intonation of the dialogue.

　　Step Ⅲ Practise

　　Paraphrase the following sentences and words.

　　1) Which do you prefer, horse - riding or shooting?

　　Which do you like better, horse - riding or shooting ?

　　2)I prefer horse - riding to shooting.

　　I like horse-riding better than shooting.

　　3)In fact, I'm on our city team.

　　In fact, I'm working for/belonging to our city team.

　　Step Ⅳ Oral practise

　　1)Let the Ss make similar dialogues according to the following pictures

　　Names: football, basketball, sailing, jumping, running, swimming, shooting, wrestling

　　－Do you often have sports?

　　－Sure/Of course.

　　－Which sport do you prefer, . . . or. . . ?

　　－I prefer. . . to. . .

　　Step ⅤSummary

　　1. Ask the Ss to sum up all the expressions and structures in this lesson.

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer, ..to...

　　have sports, be good at, read out, exciting

　　2. Let the Ss make some sentences using these expressions and structures.

　　Step Ⅵ Homework

　　1. Finish the exercises in this lesson.

　　2. Revise the names of different sports.

　　3. Preview Lesson 38.

　　Lesson 38教學設計方案

　　I: Teaching Aims and Demands

　　1. Have a good understanding of the text

　　2. Language points

　　3.Master the Attributive clause with prep.+which/whom

　　4. Get the students to understand the history ,spirits and meanings of the Olympic Games

　　ІI: Important and Difficult Points

　　1.the same …as…

　　2.the different uses and meanings of time

　　3. prep .+which / whom+ clause

　　IV: Teaching Procedure

　　STEP I. Revision :

　　1.Revise the names of some sports:

　　horse riding, shooting, wrestling, sailing

　　2.Allow the Ss some minutes to make up dialogues with the names of different sports and practise the following structures.

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . . to. . .

　　STEP II Warming-up:

　　1. The T shows the picture of the Olympic Flag to the Ss. The teacher may ask a question like this: “Do you know the Olympic flag?”

　　2. Ask them to discuss the Olympic Flag.

　　There are five rings joined together. The five rings stand for five continents. They are Asia, America, Africa Europe, and Oceania. They are joined together as a sign of friendship. The different colours stand for different continents. Asia: yellow; America: red; Africa: black; Europe: blue; Oceania: green

　　STEPIII Listening:

　　I. Listen to the tape twice, then T show some numbers to the Ss

　　1)4 years  2)776BC   3)393AD  4)1896(311/13)  5)1984   6)1992(8,000/150//250/16/12)

　　II. Allow the Ss enough time to discuss the meanings of these numbers first in groups and then  in class. The T should write some key words on the Bb.

　　1) every 4 years, take part in

　　2) around the year 776BC, the old Olympics

　　3) about the year 393AD, stop

　　4) in 1894, the first Olympic Games, 311 competitors, 13 countries

　　5)in 1984,4 gold medals

　　6) in 1992, 8, 000 competitors, 150 countries, 16 gold medals, 12 gold medals won by women

　　STEP ⅣReading:

　　Ask the Ss to read the text from the beginning to the end and try to find out the answer to the following question.

　　1) How often are the Olympic Games held?

　　2) When and where did the old Olympic Games begin?

　　3) When did the Olympic Games stop?

　　4) When did the first Olympic Games in modem times happen?

　　5) How many competitors were there in the 1896 games?

　　6) In which Olympic Games did Carl Lewis win 4 gold medals?

　　7) When and where did the 25th Olympic Games begin?

　　8) How many competitors went there?

　　9) How many gold medals did the Chinese team win in Barcelona?

　　10) How many gold medals were won by the Chinese women?

　　StepⅤLanguage points:

　　Ask the Ss to sum up the new words and expressions and help them to explain them in English. Write the new words and expressions on the Bb.

　　athlete → a person who is very good at sports and who competes in games

　　compete→ to try to win in competition with someone else

　　competitor→ someone who takes part in a competition

　　unusual →something strange, not usual

　　motto→ a short sentence or a few words taken as the guiding principle of a person and the way he believes.

　　swift→fast

　　prize→something of value given to someone who is successful in a game, race, competition, etc.

　　take part in→work. or play with other people in. 

　　2. Ask the Ss to fill in the gaps with the new words

　　1. John ____ for a place at their school, but didn’t get in.

　　2. During the ____, they exchanged experience with the players from other countries.

　　3.____ will be given for the three best stories.

　　4. You will need a ____ horse to take you there.

　　5. Don't lose hope; remember the ____ “Never say die”.

　　6.I like that painting; it's most____.

　　7. British ____ won five gold medals in the Olympics.

　　8. Tell the ____ for the next race to come here.

　　9. Did you ____ ____ ____ the fighting?

　　Keys: competed; competitions; Prizes; swift; motto; unusual; athletes; competitors; take part in

　　STEP Ⅵ:Discussion:

　　1.Where will the 2008 Olympic Games be held ?

　　2.What do you think you prepare for the 2008 Olympic Games ?

　　3.Discus where and when several Olympic Games hold in modern times?

　　STEP Ⅶ:Exercise:

　　Ask the Ss to fill in the passage according to the text.

　　The Olympic Games are held every   1   years. Athletes   2   all over the world   3   it.

　　The old Olympic Games began around the year  4  in Greece. Many of the sports were the same   5   they are now.   6  were not allowed to take part in it.

　　After about the year  7  the Olympic Games stopped. For  8  there were no Olympic Games.

　　The first Olympic Games  9   happened in   10 . It was held in Greece. There are   11

　　competitors from just   12  countries. In 1992 over   13   competitors from more than   14  countries went to Barcelona for the   15   Summer Olympics! There are over   16   different sports in the games. Sailing, horse riding and shooting are some of the unusual sports. In Barcelona the Chinese team got   17   gold medals, of which   18   were won by women.

　　STEP Ⅷ Summary

　　1. We know the history, spirit and meaning of the Olympic Games.

　　2 .We have learned some language points

　　3 .prep. +which/whom

　　STEP Ⅸ Homework:

　　1. Finish off the exercises in this lesson.

　　2. Read the passage again.

　　3. Retell the text

　　4. Point out the Attributive Clause in this lesson.

　　探究活動

　　Discussion:

　　教師給學生題目進行探討，如：Which sport do you like best?,教師可提供與此體育運動名稱相關詞組，如：prefer, good at, badminton, gymnastics, archery, rowing, skating, so on.教師可簡單給學生一個范例，如：

　　I love sports. I prefer badminton to rowing. In fact, I’m also good at skating…….

Sports 篇3

　　教學目標

　　Teaching aims and demands

　　通過本單元的教學，通過詞匯的學習學生能掌握exciting, take part in, hand in等單詞和詞組的用法，學習表達愛好的用語以及如何詢問對方的愛好的表達方法。根據課文所提供的內容，用英語描述奧林運會的歷史、發展、過去與現狀，能夠列舉出中國運動員所參加的一些項目和在奧運會中取得的優異成績。繼續學習由關系代詞who, that, which等引導的定語從句，并掌握這部分語法內容。

　　Teaching important and difficult points

　　I. Words and phrases

　　athlete, compete, competitor, competition, unusual, swift, medal, gold, prize, Olympic Games, in modern times, take part in, exciting, have sports, read out

　　II. Useful expressions

　　Which do you prefer, ...or...?

　　I prefer. . .to. . .

　　III. Grammar

　　Learning prep + which / whom+ Clause

　　教學建議

　　課文建議

　　建議教師在上些課時，可采用以下方法，比如：1）教師可給學生展示奧運會圖片，供學生講述。2）教師利用多媒體形式，如：錄像、VCD在課堂上給學生放映等，可提高學生的興趣與積極性。3）教師可用一些課文中出現的數字、時間進行組織教學，用一些詞連接起來，組成一篇文章，如：776BC，The old Olympic Games began around the year 776 BC in Greece. At that time the young men competed in running, jumping and wrestling., so on.

　　課文分析

　　本單元主要用英語描述奧林運會的歷史、發展、過去與現狀，詳細列舉出在1984、1992年奧林匹克運動的擴大、中國運動員所參加的一些項目和在奧運會中取得的優異成績等，課文中最大的特點是采用大量的數字與年代，如：393AD，8,000,25th等。同時在語言運用中使用prep .+which / whom+ clause，如：Some of the games in which the young men competed….so on.

　　教學重點和難點

　　have sports的用法

　　have sports 是個固定搭配，sport常用復數形式（包括運動和戶外活動），表示“進行體育運動”。

　　We often have sports at school after class.課后我們經常在學校進行體育活動。

　　已學過have構成的詞組有：

　　have a good time玩和高興

　　have a meeting (match, rest, swim, tall, walk, etc.) 開會（比賽、休息、游泳、談話、散步，等）

　　have a class/classes/lessons 上課 have a cold 感冒

　　have a baby (boy, girl) 生小孩（男孩、女孩）have a cough 咳嗽

　　have a holiday 放假 have an accident 出事故

　　have to do sth. 不得不做 have some medicine 吃藥

　　have breakfast /lunch /supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯have got sth. 得到某物

　　have sth for breakfast 早飯吃……

　　prefer的用法

　　1）prefer：表示寧愿，更喜歡。后可接名詞、代詞、不定式、不定式復合結構或V-ing形式。

　　Which would you prefer, tea or coffee?

　　茶和咖啡，你較喜歡哪一種？

　　I’d prefer you to wash the clothes. 我想要你來洗衣服。

　　2）prefer A to B (=like A better than B) “喜歡A而不喜歡B/喜歡A勝過喜歡B”

　　I prefer dogs to cats. 我喜歡狗不喜歡貓。

　　3）prefer to do rather than (to) do “寧愿……而不……”

　　She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.他寧愿和我們一道去，而不愿留下。

　　2 . sport, game, match 與 race辨析

　　1）sport指各種運動或戶外游戲，多限于體力鍛煉，不以輸贏為主要目的。常有下列用法：

　　sports jacket 運動服sports meet 運動會

　　sportsman 男運動愛好者，男運動員

　　sports woman女運動員sports ground 運動場

　　sports page of the paper 報紙體育專版

　　school sports 校運會

　　2）game作“游戲、比賽”解，指有一定規則的游戲或運動，且以輸贏為主要目的。指球賽時，美國英語用game, 英國英語用match。game還可指大型的國際體育運動會、比賽。

　　the Asian Games 亞運會the Olympic Games 奧運會

　　3）match一般指競技比賽，較正式的球類比賽（網球、高爾夫球等）、拳擊等常用match.

　　They are having a football match. 他們舉行一場足球比賽。

　　4）race通常指賽跑、賽馬、賽車、賽船等運動。如：

　　100-metre race 100米賽跑 go to the races 去看賽馬

　　3 . join, take part in ,attend的辨析

　　這幾個詞或短語都有“參加”的意思。區別：

　　1)join：指加入某個組織成為其中一員。

　　join the Army/the Party/the League參軍/入黨/入團

　　join (sb.) 指參與某項活動，口語中常與take part in 通用。

　　He joined you in the walk.他和你們散步。

　　2)take part in指參加群眾性活動、會議并在其中起積極作用。

　　May I take part in your game? 我可以參加你們的游戲嗎？

　　3)attend是正式用語，指參加會議、婚禮、典禮；聽報告、講座等。

　　He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要參加一個重要會議。

　　The same as, the same that的辨析

　　1) the same …as有兩個含義：“和……一樣”，“像……那樣”。比如：

　　She is wearing the same dress as she wore yesterday. 這句話有兩個含義：

　　她穿著昨天穿的那件衣服。（就是同一件）

　　她穿的衣服像她昨天穿的那件。（即只是像，但不是同一件）

　　2）the same…that為“和……一樣的”。比如：

　　She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.她穿著昨天穿的那件衣服。即只等于the same …as的第一個含義。

　　3）若要表示“同一個”時，關系代詞可用as,也可用that.若要表示“不是同一個”時，關系代詞只用as。

　　4)如果后面的從句不完整，從句謂語動詞省略了，就只能用as,不用that。

　　4×100

　　time其它詞意的用法

　　1）表示作“時間”解，是不可數名詞；作可數名詞時，有下列幾種用法：

　　in modern/ancient times 在現代/在古代

　　He is one of the most important men of the time. 他是當代最重要的人物之一。

　　2）可用來表示次數。

　　I’ve met her several times. 我見過她好幾次。

　　3）可表示倍數或乘法。

　　This room is 3 times as big as that one. 這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。

　　compete的用法

　　compete: 比賽；競爭，是不及物動詞，常與介詞in, for, against等連用。

　　They're competing for a prize. 他們在為獲獎而競爭。

　　compete 的名詞有：competitor 參賽者competition競爭，競賽（可指各種形式的競賽）。

　　More than 1,000 competitors took part in the competition.一千多參賽者參加了這項競賽。

　　every four years 每四年

　　every 與數詞或few, other 連用，表示時間或空間的間隔，其中幾個主要結構如下：

　　①every+基數詞+復數名詞。

　　I go there every three days.我每隔兩天(每三天)到那兒去一趟。

　　They move on to a new place every two or three years.

　　②every+序數詞+單數可數名詞，譯為：“每第……”。

　　He comes to see his uncle every third week.

　　③every +other+單數可數名詞,“每隔……”。

　　He goes to town every other day(every two days).

　　④every +few+復數名詞 ，“每隔幾……”。

　　He stopped and turned around every few metres.

Sports 篇4

　　Lesson 85教學設計示例

　　一、教學目標 

　　1.知識目標

　　（1）掌握句型：1）Lucy ran faster than Meimei. 2）Wu Dong ran fastest of all. 3）Which sport are you in today?

　　（2）學習語法：初步學習副詞比較等級。

　　2.能力目標

　　熟練運用下列日常交際用語：

　　1）Who was first/ second/ third? 2）Who won the race? 3） Who jumped highest/ farthest of all?

　　3.情感目標

　　熱愛體育運動，積極鍛煉身體。

　　二、教具

　　錄音機；有關運動會的照片或圖片等。

　　三、課堂教學設計

　　1.復習 值日生報告。

　　2.利用圖片或照片及學生用書彩色插頁i上的插圖，介紹本課的詞語。考慮到下一課生詞較多，可提前引出部分生詞，放在本課時內學習。

　　3.借助下面圖表，引出本課教學內容：

　　The gilrs'100-metre race

　　Han Meimei 16″7

　　Lucy 16″2

　　Wu Dong 15″4

　　教師放課文第1部分第1小段錄音兩遍以后，由學生回答錄音中提出的問題。

　　指導學生借助黑板上提示，將這一小段復述下來，再聽錄音對照。

　　4.教師在黑板上列出下表：

　　The boys'high jump:

　　Lin Tao 1.59m

　　Bill 1.64m

　　Zhang Jun 1.77m

　　放第2小段錄音，其他步驟同上。

　　5.教師在黑板上列出人名與跳遠成績，但要打亂順序，由學生聽錄音后，將人名與成績劃線連接。舉例如下：

　　Ann 4.05m

　　Liu Mei 3.8m

　　Huifang 4.0m

　　錄音放兩遍，學生劃線連接，并回答錄音中提出的問題。

　　6.學生打開書，將課文第1部分完整地通讀一遍。兩人一組，用課本所提供的替換詞練習課文第2部分。

　　7.指導學生結合復習要點2的例句及學生用書后的語法解釋，初步了解副詞比較等級的構成和用法；劃出本課有關運動會項目用語。

　　8.布置作業 

　　1）抄寫生詞、練習朗讀對話；2）完成練習冊習題。

　　四、難點講解

　　英美人的名字。

　　英美人的姓名是名在前，姓居后。名又分為教名（Christian/ given/ first name）和中間名（middle/second name）。一個人全名的寫法是： 1）教名 2）中間名 3）姓氏（family name/ surname）。其中的中間名只有在極為正式的場合才使用，其他場合均不用全稱。如：Paul Calvin Adams可以寫作Paul C.Adams（中間名縮寫）或Paul Adams（中間名略）或P. C. Adams （教名與中間名均縮寫）。稱某人為Mr. 時，則稱Mr.Paul Adams或Mr. Adams.

　　英美人姓名的一個有趣現象就是他們有一部分姓氏產生于職業名稱。如：鐵匠姓Black Smith；木匠姓 Carpenter；裁縫姓Taylor；屠戶姓Butcher；磨坊主姓 Miller；面包師的姓就是Baker。還有一部分姓氏是由祖輩的姓氏轉化而來。這類名字后往往加上-son充作姓氏。如：Johnson; Robinson; Willson及Woodson等。

Sports 篇5

　　教學目標

　　知識目標

　　1.詞匯

　　New words and phrases: hold a sports meeting, race, 100-metre race, win, high jump, long jump, neck, active, take a active part in, relay, starting line/ finishing line, runner, as…as, a moment later, go on doing（sth）, fall behind, winner, loud, loudly, lap, pass on, stick, catch up with, neck and neck, well done, congratulation, not as/ so as, rather, loudspeaker, result, dance, headteacher, take turns, do one’s best, hooray.  

　　2.日常交際用語:

　　Bad luck.

　　Come on.

　　well done ！

　　Congratulations（to …）

　　3.語法:

　　形容詞和副詞的比較等級.

　　規則形式：fast faster fastest

　　不規則形式：well better best , badly worse worst, far farther/further farthest/ furthest

　　Wu Peng ran as fast as Lin Tao.

　　She didn’t run as / so fast as Lily.

　　能力目標

　　1.使學生能夠根據教師設計的情景，靈活運用形容詞和副詞的比較級形式進行口頭和筆頭的練習。

　　2.使學生能夠熟練掌握運動會有關項目的詞匯和交際用語，介紹比賽情況。

　　3.使學生能夠讀懂第87課課文,回答課后的問題，并能根據上下文判斷出生詞的大意。

　　4.使學生能夠聽懂與課文難度相當的聽力材料。

　　情感態度目標

　　接力賽是一種既充滿著激烈競爭，同時也必須做到高度協調的一種體育運動。要使學生懂得我國“四個現代化”的建設正如接力賽一樣，在整個國際舞臺上充滿著激烈的競爭，而在國內要有高度的協調。即經濟發達的地區要積極支援經濟落后的地區，只有這樣才能使我們整個中華民族得到騰飛，永遠立足于不敗之地。

　　通過本單元的教學可使學生欣賞到一場生龍活虎、你追我趕、緊張熱烈的比賽情景。教育學生鍛煉身體,熱愛體育,為奧運做貢獻。

　　教學建議

　　教學內容分析

　　本單元是以學校運動會為主要話題，學生在學習與運動會有關項目的詞匯和表示“祝賀”的交際用語同時，還進一步學習形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法。在第85課中,通過對三幅畫面的描述既復習了學期已經學習過的形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法同時又引出本單元體育活動的主題。在86課87課中,主要是通過對一篇有關學校運動會接力賽的描述,體現了本單元語法的重點：一般過去時，并容納了大部分詞匯及全部交際用語。第87中,還介紹了同等比較的形容詞和副詞比較級的句型。在第88課中,主要是總結運動會的比賽情況的相關用語,包括談論比賽結果,采訪運動員,頒發獎品等。

　　語言運用分析

　　本單元圍繞學校開運動會，教授了hold, win, pass, shout, loud等二十多個生詞和一些短語、習慣用語及固定搭配，如：go on doing sth., stop to do sth., get ready to do sth. 等，學習了enough在句中的位置和作用，還有一些表示祝賀的日常用語。在教學對話、課文的同時，復習了一般過去時態。本單元重點講授副詞的比較級、最高級的構成和用法。其實我們在第二冊書中已學過形容詞比較級、最高級的構成、用法。副詞和形容詞一樣有三個級，構成及用法相同，只是副詞最高級前一般不用定冠詞。本課通過運動會的跑、跳，生動、形象地列舉了副詞比較級、最高級在句中的作用，教會了很多有關體育方面的用語，同時復習了很多過去學過的詞語和固定搭配。

　　有關體育運動項目方面的詞匯的教學建議

　　教師可以利用圖片等直觀教具展示給學生，在學生腦海中，確立鮮明的形象，加深記憶。有關圖片可以參照課文36頁，或利用學生用書彩色插頁ⅲ上的插圖，問題如下: What is the boy doing? What are the girls doing? What is the girl doing? 然后教師可以將幾張圖片都展示在黑板上:Why so many people are on the playground? 引導學生將出：They are having a sports meeting.自然引出新課。

　　有關形容詞副詞比較級的教學建議

　　建議教師可以利用投影，實物教學，簡筆畫等手段創設多種情景組織學生進行討論，練習學生口語和筆頭的表達能力，可以一圖多問。

　　（1）教師可以叫三兩個學生到黑板前面來，讓他們站成一行.然后，提問：Who is taller? Who is the tallest? Who is short? Who is the shortest? Can you tell me who runs faster? Who runs fastest? 等學生回答完后，教師可以在教室前面劃一條線，告訴學生這是staring line.叫另一名同學當發令員，教會他發令的表達法，指揮兩個學生從教室前跑到教室后面，然后提問； Who runs slowly? Who runs more slowly? Who runs most slowly? Can you tell me who runs faster? Who runs fastest? Who won? 教師還可以根據具體的情景指導學生就as…as/ not so as…as.句型進行練習。

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　　（2）教師還可以叫學生進行立定跳遠比賽，教師設計問題如下：Who jumps high? Who did well? Who did worse? Who did worst of all? Who jumps highest of all?  此部分練習可以在講87課時運用。

　　（3）教師準備一個拉力器幾個學生前來，比較誰的力氣大誰拉的長。問題設計如下： Who is stronger? Who is the strongest? Who is taller? Whose chest-developer is longer? Whose chest-developer is the longest? Who is powerful? Who is the most powerful man? Is Xiao Ming as powerful as Tom?

　　有關閱讀的建議

　　（1）教師可以將文章分為五段，先指導學生閱讀課文，并把課文中有關比賽的情景讓學生用繪畫的形式畫出來。教師可以每段一張圖，每組一段。這樣既練習了學生的閱讀理解能力，又增加了趣味性，激發學生學習興趣。

　　（2）教師可以精心設計板書，概況短文，突出文章重點。如:

　　At starting line: Hu shouted: “Ready? Go!” Runners started to run.

　　On the first lap: Li Lei ran faster.

　　On the second lap: Yu Yan began to catch up with Jim. They were neck and neck.

　　On the third lap: The Class 3 and Class 1 runners were still neck and neck. The Class2 dropped the stick. Class 4 fell and hurt.

　　On the fourth lap: Wu Peng in the front dropped his stick and fell behind. Lin Tao ran past him.

　　詞匯教學

　　到現在為止，學生學習的英語單詞已經很多。如不按照科學規律一味死記硬背，是很難掌握這些單詞的。大綱要求“能熟練地運用所學的拼讀規則拼寫單詞。能根據所學的構詞法判斷和記憶派生詞和合成詞的詞義和詞類”。詞匯教學應貫徹這一要求，幫助學生提高自學能力，訓練他們的科學記憶、聯想的能力。本單元詞匯量較大，但把單詞分類，引導學生按照規律記憶，會大大降低學習的難度。

　　1.利用拼讀規律和聯想記憶單詞拼法

　　hold shout still race hurt drop stick rather

　　cold about till face nurse top ticket father

　　2.派生詞

　　bad→badly loud→loudly

　　run→runner win→winner

　　congratulate→congratulation

　　3.兼類詞

　　形容詞兼副詞 fast high long far

　　動詞兼名詞 jump race

　　介詞兼副詞 behind

　　4.合成詞

　　play + ground → playground loud + speaker → loudspeaker

　　5.同類詞 可用圖表示人體各部分的名稱

　　eye hair arm nose mouth neck body hand leg foot

　　有關采訪運動員的交際用語的建議

　　建議教師設計學生進行采訪對話：例如：

　　A: Congratulations.

　　B: Thank you.

　　A: Can you tell me your name?

　　B: My name is Zhao Fang.

　　A: Which class are you in?

　　B: I am in Class 3 Grade 2.

　　A: How did you win the game?

　　B: I didn’t play well at first. But the rival made a big mistake. I am lucky.

　　能力訓練教學

　　1.本單元的單詞比較多，難于在短時間內記住，可以放在課文中去消化理解，分散難度，以便收到比較好的效果。

　　2.本單元應著重練習形容詞、副詞的比較等級和有關祝賀（Good wishes and Congratulations）的日常交際用語。形容詞和副詞的比較等級在日常生活中運用比較多，務必要熟練掌握。

　　3.兩篇閱讀課文情節生動，扣人心弦，用詞恰到好處。同學們要反復朗讀，最好能背誦。學生應該能用比較流利的英語敘述本校運動會上的一些比賽情況。

　　有關介紹比賽結果的練習

　　Name

　　The 100meter-race

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　　The high jumps

　　Julia Read

　　14〞2

　　1.42m

　　Linda White

　　14〞5

　　1.35m

　　Sally Brown

　　15〞

　　1.30m

　　Name

　　The 800meter- race

　　The long jump

　　Simon Hill

　　3’ 30〞

　　4.8m

　　John smith

　　3’ 24〞

　　4.8m

　　Ben little

　　3’ 20〞

　　4.3m

　　Name

　　The 1,500meter-race

　　The shotput

　　Jim green

　　8’ 40〞

　　7.5m

　　Oliver tour

　　9’ 14〞

　　7.5m

　　Carol Jones

　　9’ 14〞

　　8.m

　　教師可以先讓學生閱讀本表，然后用形容詞和副詞的比較級或者as/ so …as的句型造句。不得少于6句。

　　hold用法分析

　　1）hold在句中用作及物動詞時，有如下意義和用法：

　　（1）握，抓住，拿住。如：

　　She is holding up an umbrella. 她正打著傘。

　　He held me by the sleeve. 他抓著我的袖子。

　　Hold the line.稍候［別掛斷］。（打電話用語）

　　（2）容納，裝著。如：

　　The hall can hold 1000 people.這個大廳能容納1000人。

　　（3）擁有，占有。如：

　　I held the job for two years. 這工作我干了兩年。

　　（4）舉行（會議等）。如：

　　They held many get- togethers with the foreign friends. 他們和和外國朋友舉行了多次聯歡。

　　（5）用于某些固定搭配。

　　a. hold back“阻礙、阻止”，如：

　　No one can hold back the wheel of history. 誰也不能阻止歷史車輪前進。

　　b. hold on意為“等待、停止、不要掛斷電話”。如：

　　Hold on a moment till I put my coat on.等一下，讓我穿上外衣。

　　c. hold one’s head high意為“昂首挺胸”。如：

　　They held their heads high when they walked into the meeting hall.他們昂首挺胸地走進了會場。

　　d. hold up意為“舉起，抬起，耽擱”。如：

　　Women can hold up half the sky. 婦女能頂半邊天。

　　The storm held us up. 暴雨把我們耽擱了。

　　Lesson 85多媒體教學設計方案

　　Teaching Procedures:

　　Step 1 Revision

　　Revise the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs.

　　（錄像演示）復習形容詞和副詞的比較等級的形式及其用法。

　　（圖片展示）讓學生比較圖中的人物，復習形容詞和副詞的比較等級的形式及其用法。

　　Jim is young.

　　Lucy is younger than Jim.

　　Kate is the youngest.

　　The bike is going fast. 

　　The tractor is going faster. 

　　The taxi is going the fastest.

　　（學生活動）讓學生看圖片用比較級表達圖片中的人物，然后讓學生總結出the comparative form：Regular forms and Irregular forms

　　Step 2 Presentation

　　1.Leading-in

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　　設問導入  本課關于運動會的教學：

　　1. Does your school hold a sports meeting every year?

　　2. Do you take part in it? Which sport can you do well in?

　　3. How many sports are there at the sports meeting?

　　2.（課件演示）教學關于運動的詞語

　　hold a sports meeting, the 100-metre race, the high jump, the long jump, the relay race

　　Step 3 Read and learn

　　（錄像演示）演示the 100-metre race的情景，回答：Who was first/second/third in the 100-metre race?

　　（錄像演示）演示the high jump的情景，回答：Who won the high jump?

　　（錄像演示）演示the long jump的情景，回答：Who was first/second/third in the long jump?

　　（課件演示）演示副詞的比較等級課件，了解副詞比較等級的構成和用法

　　Step 4 Practise

　　（圖表練習活動）根據表格中比賽的結果，讓學生用比較等級表達比賽的情況。

　　圖表1

　　The gilrs’ 100-metre race

　　Han Meimei

　　16"7

　　Lucy

　　16"2

　　Wu Dong

　　15"4

　　圖表2

　　The boys' high jump

　　Lin Tao

　　1.59 m

　　Bill

　　1.64m

　　Zhang Jun

　　1.77m

　　Step 5 Read and act

　　（錄像演示）演示對話的情景，學生了解對話內容，教學新單詞neck，解釋句子：Which sport are you in today?

　　It means Which sport are you taking part in today?。

　　Step 6 Exercises

　　用動詞正確時態填空。

　　Last week No. 14 Middle School _________ (hold) a sports meeting on the playground. Lily _________(run) fastest of all in the 100-metre race. Zhang Jun _________(do) best of all in the high jump and Liu Mei _________ (jump) farthest of all in the long jump. Ling Li ________ (fall) and ________(hurt)his neck, so he _________(do)take part in any sport. Now he ________(be) much better.

　　Keys: held, ran, did Jumped, fell, hurt, didn’t, is

　　從方框中選擇適當的詞語完成句子。

　　best, far, fall, which, better, jump, hold a sports meeting

　　1. Zhang Liang ________highest of all.

　　2. They ________on the playground this year.

　　3. Who jumps ________than Mark?

　　4. Zhang Jun did ________of all.

　　5. Who _______and hurt his leg yesterday?

　　6. ________sports is he in today?

　　7. Who is ________than Lin Feng?

　　Keys: 1.jumped  2.will hold a sports meeting  3.farther/further  4.best  5.fell  6.Which  7.better

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　　Step 7 Homework

　　1. Finish exercises on page 103.

　　2. Rewrite the passage.

　　3. Finish off the workbook exercises.

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Sports 篇6

　　Lesson 87教學設計示例

　　一、教學目標 

　　1.知識目標

　　（1）掌握句型： 1） to stop to do sth. 2） Not far behind him was Lin Tao.

　　（2）掌握日常交際用語：

　　①表示祝賀的用語及應答：①Well done! ②Congratulations! ③It was nothing.

　　②有關運動會項目用語： He/ She was first/ second/ third past the finishing line.

　　2.能力目標

　　熟練運用形容詞和副詞的比較等級。

　　3.情感目標

　　熱愛體育運動，積極鍛煉身體。

　　二、教具

　　錄音機。

　　三、課堂教學設計

　　1.復習 值日生報告。教師檢查課文復述。

　　2.借助課文插圖，介紹本課生詞。學生練習朗讀生詞。

　　3.給學生一分半鐘時間閱讀課文第1部分。規定時限過后，回答課文提示中的問題（也可讓學生在閱讀的基礎上進行搶答）。

　　聽這部分課文錄音，學生跟讀一遍。教師扼要解釋難句（見難點講解）。

　　4.學生看課文第2部分插圖，比較圖下的三句說明。教師講解副詞比較等級。板書下列比賽成績，要求學生運用副詞比較等級，將幾個人的成績進行比較：

　　The girls'100-metre race

　　Han Meimei 18″7(not very well)

　　Lucy 20″91

　　Li Fang 21″8

　　The boys' long jump:

　　Li Lei 5.15m(very well)

　　Jim 5.37

　　Wu Dong 5.49m

　　根據上面的體育成績，學生應能寫出：

　　The girls'100-metre race:

　　Han Meimei didn't do very well. She did rather badly. Lucy did worse than Han Meimei. Li Fang did worst of all. Bad luck!

　　（教師應注明這是在三位同學之間進行成績比較；如果方便，也可使用學生的真實姓名）

　　T：The boys' long jump:

　　Li Lei did very well. Jim did better than Li Lei. Wu Dong did best of all. Good luck!

　　5.學生兩人一組，練習課文第3部分。教師放課文第4部分錄音，要求學生模仿錄音內容，將教師在黑板上書寫的兩個比賽項目成績公布一下。

　　6.布置作業 

　　1）抄寫生詞，繼續準備復述第6課課文；2）完成練習冊習題。

　　四、難點講解

　　1.Jiang Honglin was catching up fast, too, but not fast enough. 姜洪林也在緊緊追趕，但稍慢些。

　　句子用了過去進行時態，具有較生動的描寫性，使比賽情景仿佛呈現在眼前，句中的enough是副詞，修飾另一副詞fast。當enough一詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，一般放在被修飾詞的后面。再如：

　　1） You don't get up early enough. 你起得還不夠早。

　　2） He is old enough to go to school. 他已經到上學年齡了。

　　enough一詞還可作形容詞或代詞。例如：

　　1） We haven't enough time. 我們沒有足夠的時間。（enough是形容詞）

　　2） I've had enough, thank you. 我已經（吃）夠了，謝謝。（enough是代詞）

　　2.He stopped to get it and of course he fell behind. 他停下來去撿棒，當然就落在大家后面了。

　　stop to do sth. 表示停下某事做（另外）某事。例如：

　　He stopped to listen. 他停下來，仔細聽。（指他停下手里的事，去聽）試比較：

　　He stopped listening. 他不再聽了。

　　fall behind意為：落后。

　　3.She did rather badly. 她（投得）相當糟糕。

　　rather badly意為：相當差；糟糕。但有時rather一詞也可用來形容人們較為喜歡的事物。

　　例如：I was rather pleased when I got the news. 當我聽到這個消息時，很高興。

Sports 篇7

　　● word power  types of sportsbrainstorminglet’s discuss the following questions:are you interested in sports? what kind of sports are you particularly fond of? are there any school clubs in your school? have you ever joined one of them? if not, are you planning to join one? how many different kinds of sports can you name?read part a and summarize the clubs zhou ling has discussed in her diary. for reference:have you ever been to a gymnastic club? there are many kinds of equipment in a gym club. people can choose whichever they like and do many types of exercises to keep fit. sometimes there will be trainers or experienced members giving some demonstrations for you to follow. do you think you would join a gym club?vocabulary learning1. in part b, there are 12 different sports listed, each with a picture. please look at these pictures carefully and describe each sport. you may consult each other or the dictionary whenever you meet new words before consulting me. you may ask such questions as how many team members are there in this sport? how is the sport played? what are its rules? what instructions does a new player have to pay attention to etc. ? you may talk to each other about your favorite sports and also give the reason why.2. focus on part c and finish it individually first. and then answer the following questions:what kinds of suggestions does zhou ling give to amy?zhou ling gives specific advice to amy about the exercises she can do after the operation.first, if amy wants to get strong and have some sun with her friends, ________________________________.if amy just wants to build her strength up by herself, zhou ling advises her to_________________________.if amy only wants to have some fun and exercise with some of her friends, she can try ___________________.possible answers:part c 1. basketball  2. volleyball   3. football   4. baseball   5. aerobics   6. shooting   7. weightlifting  8. badminton   9. boxing  10. tennisshe could try basketball, volleyball, football, softball or baseball.she may try aerobics, shooting or weightlifting.she can try badminton, boxing , tennis or fencing.3.       deal with part d 1 on page 97 in workbook.possible answers: 1. popular   2. exercise   3. control   4. regularly   5. skip   6. who    7. overweight  8. advice   9. cost   10. especially   11. cause vocabulary extension1. let’s discuss the following questions:sports are quite popular all over the world. different people have different interests and tastes. some sportsare done indoors, while others are done outdoors. each has its advantages and disadvantages. differentsports require different skills and abilities. can you fill in the following diagram with different sports?  indoors   advantages/ disadvantagesskills/ abilities    outdoors advantages/ disadvantagesskills/ abilities    2. have a discussion on the following questions:suppose one of your friends doesn’t like sports and usually kills his or her time by reading or watching tv. doyou think you can persuade him or her to give up this bad habit? what kinds of advice or suggestions will yougive to him or her?imagine it’s the first time for your mother to come to a gym. as she has never done exercise on equipment, what tips will you give to her?   usually when you do outdoor activities either by yourself or with your friends, what preparations do youhave to make?3. please read the two articles in pats a and b in reading on pages 98 and 99 in workbook and answer the questions below the two articles. part a. 1. have the japanese been living longer in recent years?      2. why is it not true that the reason for japanese people’s long lives is genetic?      3. what are the differences between western lifestyles and those of the japanese?      4. which parts of a western lifestyle are seen as damaging for health?      5. what can we learn from the japanese lifestyle?answers to part a (page 98):part a  1.yes, they have been living longer.2. after the second world war the japanese usually died young.3. the japanese eat less, take more exercise and are more relaxed. their diet includes a lot of fish but western diets include very little fish. they get more exercise.4. western people eat too much, don’t exercise enough and do not relax.5.we should all think about what we eat and make sure that we get enough exercise.part b. 1. what do scientists think is now the biggest cause of weight gain?2. what happened to the laboratory mice that had the special ‘ fat storing’ gene?3. what is the difference between people who burn off fat easily and those who often gain weight?4. what should people do to control their weight?5. what do the scientists hope to be able to do for humans using their results from the study on mice?answers to part b (page 99):1. they think it is genetic.2.they gained weight.3.the people who burn off fat easily are missing one special gene.4.people should be careful about what they eat and they should exercise to control their weight.5. they hope to produce new medicines to help people lose weight.

Sports 篇8

　　unit 5 sports and games教案

　　【本講教育信息】

　　一. 教學內容：

　　unit 5 sports and games (2)

　　less on 19 what can you do on the ice rink?

　　lesson 20 what are your favorite sport?

　　二. 重點、難點：

　　1. 學習有關運動項目、運動器材和運動設施的詞語

　　2. 學會表達“在……地方，用……物品，進行……運動項目”

　　3. 獲取信息并表達最喜歡的事物和能力

　　lesson 19  what can you do on the ice rink?

　　i. words study單詞學習：

　　center            almost            outdoors         court              go skat ing              special

　　deep        pool               exercise           object             racket                   helmet

　　bat          glove              ping pong paddle

　　ii. expression patterns常用的表達方式：

　　1.  why not come down to the apollo sports center?

　　why not…? 意思是“為什么不……？”，表示建議。后跟動詞原形。

　　why not go skating?

　　why not have a  rest?

　　2. 表示“有什么樣的運動設施”

　　there be …

　　there’s a basketball field.

　　there are three tennis courts.

　　3. 表示“在……地方”

　　at the sports center  在運動中心

　　on the ice rink      在溜冰場

　　on special courts    在專用場地

　　outdoors            在戶外

　　indoors            在室內

　　4. what sport can you play with a racket?  i can play tennis.

　　（1）with表示“用……的物品”

　　i can play tennis with a racket.

　　we write the words with a pen.

　　（2）play與play with

　　play是及物動詞，意為“打球，踢球”

　　the boys play football after school.

　　she can play volleyball well.

　　play with作為短語，意為“玩，玩耍……”

　　she often plays with her cat.

　　don’t play with fire.

　　lesson 20  what are your favorite sport?

　　i. words study單詞學習：

　　roller-skate                   basketball               ski                 take lessons

　　be interested in              enjo y

　　ii. expression patterns常用的表達方式：

　　1. favorit e表達最喜歡的事物

　　my favori te colour is red.

　　who is your favorite movie actor?

　　2. 詢問獲取他人喜好的信息

　　what’s your favorite…?

　　can you…?

　　what spo rt can you do?

　　3. be good at “擅長于……，在……方面做得好”，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式

　　he is good at math.

　　ann likes volleyball very much. she is good at it.

　　i’m good at dancing.

　　4. enjoy doing “喜愛做……”，表示享受某種樂趣

　　mr. black enjoys fishing.

　　my parents enjoy listening to music.

　　5. be  interested in “對……感興趣”，后跟名詞、代詞或動詞的-ing形式

　　she is interested in scienc e.

　　i am interested  in drawing.

　　this book is very interesting. he is interested in it.

　　6. i go running and jogging almost every d ay.

　　go后跟動詞的-ing形式，表示“去干……”

　　go swimming

　　go shopping

　　go fishing

Sports 篇9

　　評課人：寶山區行知小學     姜敏

　　剛才大家看到的是大華二小季延峰老師參加上海市英語教師教學評優的參賽課：Oxford English 2B Unit 4 《In the park》第二教時Let’s talk。季延峰老師是我區英語教師隊伍中相當優秀、相當有活力的青年教師。本堂課充分展示了他作為一名青年男教師獨特的教學風格和充滿生機的教學魅力。今天我想從本堂課的教學目標與設計，教學方法與過程，教學效果與教師素養四個方面進行點評。

　　一、   合理的設計中體現明確的教學目標

　　1.   課的開始，教師詢問學生日常生活中能做的事情：Can you sing an English song? Can you dance? Can you walk? Can you swim? 由此自然地展開本課的話題，使課堂教學從一開始就進入比較真實的交際場景，學生在回答的同時會唱的就唱了起來，會跳舞的就扭了起來，全體學生在笑聲中開始進入興奮狀態。

　　2.   接著老師以運動會Sports meeting為話題，繼續進行交流，What can you do in the sports meeting? I can play… in the sports meeting.談談運動會上各人擅長的項目，突出了本課的重點：運用情態動詞“can”表達某人的ability，并恰當地給予拓展，即在問答句中加入了“地點”。 在這個操練環節中，老師給了學生結合自身實際操練語言的機會，同時也讓學生在眾人面前展示了自己的能力，聽課的老師能從他們臉上看到一種成就感。

　　3.   然后教師將話題自然地從sports meeting 講到了其中的一個項目：skip the rope，恰當地引出了新單詞skip。當學生與老師一齊沉浸在I can skip like this.這樣跳、那樣跳地時候，老師手中舞動地繩子不小心失手飛到別處去了。這時學生為老師要拿到這根繩子而想盡辦法：You can fly. You can stand on the chair. You can jump. You can play football. You can play basketball. 體現了信息差、交際性。老師也按學生所講的一一進行了嘗試，但都沒有成功的拿到掛在樹上的繩子。此時，學生的思維完全被激活，老師適時地讓同學看了一段動感十足、喜聞樂見的迪斯尼動畫，片段中活靈活現地展示了各種場合的climb，學生馬上就將新詞匯運用到剛才沒有解決的問題中去。兩個重點單詞skip climb的教學就這么順利地解決了。 

　　4.   最后，2008奧運會這一素材的運用更是將氣氛推向高潮，教師將學生分成Yao ming Team and Michael Team, 進一步操練已學句型。在加油助威聲中，相信英語學習對于這批孩子來說已不再是形式、負擔，他們完全enjoy it。接著，在I love Beijing, like Sam and May…的兒歌聲中結束了本堂課的全部教學。讓學生運用所學知識，極好地與生活、社會、世界結合在了一起。

　　這樣的設計，符合二年級學生的年齡特點和認知規律，體現了以學生為主體的學習過程，培養了學生的學習能力，運作效果良好。從中我們可以看出教師是通過認真的鉆研教材，在理解教材的基礎上，制定了切合實際的“知識與技能目標”：學會用What can … do? 來提問并用…can…給予回答；“過程與方法目標”：在課堂上感受語言的運用性，學會用該句型去了解同學、朋友的相關資料與信息；“情感與態度目標”：展示學生的愛好與才能，鼓勵學生開展豐富多彩的課外活動。重點、難點把握準確，抓住了關鍵。

　　二、   清晰的過程中充滿新穎的教學方法

　　所謂教學方法：包括教師“教”學活動方式，還包括學生在教師指導下“學”的方式，是“教”的方法與“學”的方法的統一。本堂課，教師在整個清晰的教學過程中采用的教學方法有如下幾個特點：

　　（一）優選活用 

　　一種好的教學方法總是相對而言的，它總是因課程，因學生，因教師自身特點而相應變化的。今天的這堂課，對象是二年級的學生，教學內容是can句型與詞匯的掌握，教師是充滿活力的季教師，因此各種方法的選用就顯示出相當的貼切與有效。開始部分的兒歌sing, sing, sing a song. Dance, dance, dance with me. Write, write, write a letter… 非常有節奏；展開部分的Ask and answer、find partners能夠貼近學生；動作表演action,表情模仿imitation，唱歌，觀看卡通片watching video，貫穿始終的情景表演（situation）等方法更是有效地促進、鞏固了教學。 

　　（二）新穎多樣

　　教學活動的復雜性決定了教學方法的多樣性。所以教師必須面向實際，恰當地選擇教學方法，同時還要在教學方法多樣性上下一番功夫，使課堂教學超凡脫俗，常教常新，富有藝術性。本堂課該教師安排了多樣的學生活動，其中有個人、小組和全班性的，有教師指導性的，如小對話的教學，老師就起到了很好的示范作用。也有需學生獨立或合作完成的。如：Talk about the pictures.活動均有明確的目標與要求，并能夠安排在一定的語境和情景中進行，突出了培養學生用英語做事情和用英語進行交流的能力，體現了交際語言教學的思想。

　　（三）現代化教學手段運用

　　現代化教學呼喚現代化手段。“一支粉筆一本書，一塊黑板一張嘴”的陳舊單一教學手段應該成為歷史。季教師適時、適當地用了錄音機、電腦等現代化教學手段。Goofy形象的出現尤其受到學生的歡迎，巧妙的是該段的播放是穿插在學生的思維完全被激活的狀態下的，climb的掌握是學生急切需要的，學生是為了更好的擁有語言材料而在觀看這個片段，因此，媒體地運用顯得相當自然和到位。

　　三、   活躍的氣氛中展現良好的教學素質

　　北京首都師范大學外語系張連仲教授曾這樣指出：評價一節課成功與否，主要應看學生在活動中的參與程度，學生言語交際的有效性，以及學生在學習中表現出的情感、合作精神和學習與交際策略等方面的發展情況。

　　今天我們在課堂感受到的，最強烈的就是飛揚在整個課堂上的師生的激情。季教師夸張到位的肢體語言climb、run、swim、skip學生感受真切；豐富的臉部表情sad、happy、angry強烈地吸引了學生的注意力，口琴的吹奏更是增色不少。 同時，季老師也營造了良好的、平等的課堂氛圍：與學生一起skip the rope、play the basketball、climb on the floor，師生互動的課堂是多么快樂的地方；當有一位學生模仿Goofy反復不成功時，老師俯下身貼著學生的耳朵耐心地個別輔導，直到清晰地發出這個音為止，這些都讓學生感受到了教師的真誠與投入。其次是良好的語言表達能力，語音純正、語調自然，口齒清晰，極富感染力，幾乎是完美的完成了一個老師應表現的素養。

　　季延峰老師的這堂課獲得了上海市一等獎的好成績，這給我們寶山的英語教學無疑是極大地鼓舞，衷心期待我們的英語教師隊伍中繼續涌現如此優秀的青年教師。

Sports 篇10

　　module 5 the great sports personality

　　grammar—review of adverbial clauses

　　goals

　　● to review adverbial clauses

　　procedures

　　step 1  reviewing the adverbial clauses

　　adverbial clauses are less than (subordinate to) sentences.  they do not contain a complete thought.

　　adverbial clauses always modify the verb in the main clause (the sentence) to which the adverbial clause is attached.

　　an adverbial clause tells how, when, why, how much, to what extent and under what conditions the action in the main clause takes place.

　　adverbial clauses always begin with a subordinating conjunction.  the most common subordinating conjunctions are listed below.

　　before, after, unless

　　although, if, until

　　as, in order that, when

　　as, since, whenever

　　as long as, so that, where

　　as soon as, than, wherever

　　because, though, while

　　adverbial clauses, like all subordinate clauses, are structured in the same way all sentences are structured.  all adverbial clauses will fall into one of the five sentence patterns that have already been described.

　　examples

　　the whole country was saddened when oswald assassinated kennedy.

　　when is the subordinating conjunction introducing this adverbial clause which modifies was saddened.  oswald is the subject of the clause.  assassinated is the action verb which transfers its action to the direct object, which is kennedy, all of which makes this clause transitive active.

　　little joe was punished because the window was broken.

　　because is the subordinating conjunction introducing this adverbial clause.  window is the subject.  was is the helping verb, and broken is the action verb which transfers its action back to the subject making this clause transitive passive or pattern #2.

　　since the boy was disruptive, he was expelled from school.

　　since is the subordinating conjunction introducing this adverbial clause which modifies was in the main clause.  window is the subject of the clause.  was is the helping verb, and disruptive is the predicate adjective making the clause intransitive linking or pattern #4.

　　note that the natural order of an adverbial clause is after the main clause.  however, an adverbial clause is okay at the beginning of a sentence.  if it comes at the beginning, however, a comma is used to separate it from the main clause.

　　can you determine the correct pattern number of the following examples of adverbial clauses?

　　franklin roosevelt served as governor of new york before he became president of the united states.

　　if we continue burning fossil fuels, the temperature of the earth will rise.

　　agatha made coffee as i cooked the bacon.

　　since grandfather died, i have been lonely.

　　grandfather died before he was ready.

　　although spike broke the window, he did not feel guilty about it.

　　can you put both an adjective clause and an adverbial clause in the same sentence as the following example does?

　　after oswald assassinated kennedy, oswald was killed by a man who was overcome with sympathy for the dead president.

　　step 2  making sentences with adverbial clauses

　　next we are going to make our own examples. it's the best, most active way to learn.

　　before, after, unless; although, if, until; as, in order that, when; as, since, whenever; as long as, so that, where; as soon as, than, wherever; because, though, while

　　1. they called him the prince of gymnasts because, when he retired at the age of 26, he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world.

　　2. li ning did so well as an athlete that he won six out of seven gold medals at the 1982 world championship, and three at the 1984 olympics in los angeles (as well as two silver and a bronze).

　　3. when sports journalists met in 1999 to make a list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth century, li ning's name was on it, together with footballer pele and boxer muhammad ali.

　　4. but even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport, li ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.

　　5. he was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 seoul olympics.

　　6. because he had experienced the sense of failure in the 1988 seoul olympics li ning became determined to succeed in his new life.

　　7. after he retired a year after, li ning began a new career--as a businessman.

　　8. he longed to work for sports because he didn’t forget his sporting background.

　　9. li ning decided to launch a new brand of sportswear in order that he could compete with global giants like nike and adidas.

　　10. people thought that he made the unusual choice, because he had chosen his own name as the brand mark.

　　11. as the bright red logo is made up of the first two pinyin letters of li ning's name, l and n, li ning's sports clothes sold very well soon after they came onto the market.

　　12. as the number of young people with money to spend was on the increase young people became the most important buyers of li ning's sports clothes.

　　13. because li ning's designs were attractive, they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals.

　　14. because a pair of nike trainers, for example, could cost up to five times as much as a similar li ning product, success for li ning was guaranteed.

　　15. today as a li ning product is purchased every ten seconds, li ning has won more than fifty per cent of the national market.

　　16. if you go into a school or university anywhere，the chances are you will see students in li ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.

　　17. the company has grown so internationally that the spanish and french gymnastics teams wear li ning clothes.

　　18. whenever chinese athletes step out onto the track during the olympics, they will be wearing li ning tracksuits.

　　19. but li ning's goal when he retired was not to make money.

　　20. if your dream is to open a school for gymnasts you have to go for your post-graduate studies first.

　　21. ever since he became a businessman li ning has managed to help young people to achieve their sporting ambitions.

　　22. li ning has discovered that the work of a great sportsman does not finish when he retires from the sport.

　　23. and if you are a great sportsperson, anything is possible, as li ning's advertising slogan says.

　　step 3  doing a quiz on adverbial clauses

　　選擇填空：

　　1.you like sports_____i’d like to read.

　　a.when          b.while          c.but       d.yet

　　2. _____ we were singing, the teacher came in.

　　a.before      b.after       c.as       d.until

　　3.i was about to leave my house _____the phone rang.

　　a.while          b. when      c.as       d.after

　　4.they did not stop fighting_____ there was no enemy left.

　　a.until       b.after       c.when          d.since

　　5.i have not seen him_____ he went to college.

　　a.when       b.before      c.as       d.since

　　6.it is five days_____ we came here.

　　a.when          b.before      c.as       d.since

　　7.it was not long_____ he got to know it.

　　a.when          b.before      c.after       d.until

　　8.we shall go_____we are free.

　　a.whenever      b.whatever      c.wherever      d.however

　　9. _____i live i must serve the people heart and soul.

　　a.when      b.so long as         c.as soon as     d.on condition

　　10.i was reading a novel_____ he was watchingtv.

　　a.when          b.while          c.before      d.as

　　11.put the medicine_____you can easily get it.

　　a.so that       b.where      c.which      d.there

　　12.we will go_____the party wants us to go.

　　a.wherever      b.there          c.to the place     d.which

　　13. _____ there is a will there is a way.

　　a.when      b.where      c.whether      d.how  

　　14.i am going_____ you went last week.

　　a.where      b.wherever      c.when          d.the place

　　15. _____ you go , you should bear the motherland in your mind.

　　a.where      b.wherever         c.whatever      d.however

　　16. _____ weather permits, we’ll have an outing.

　　a.for        b.though      c.while      d.if

　　17.you won’t succeed_____harder.

　　a.unless you will work           b.unless you work

　　c.unless you don’t work           d.if you won’t work

　　18.i wonder if he_____us, and i think if he_____us we’ll be able to complete the task ahead of time.

　　a.helps, helps             b.will help, helps

　　c.helps, will help                d.will help, will help

　　19.i don’t like to be interrupted if i_____.

　　a.speak          b.will speak         c.am speaking  d.spoke

　　20.if you_____this experiment you will understand the theory better.

　　a.will be doing  b.have done         c.will have done  d. would do

　　21.i would like to do it_____i like it.

　　a.since          b.because   c.because of   d.now that

　　22. _____everybody is here, let’s set off.

　　a.since          b.because   c.for    d.after

　　23.it was_____he was ill that he was absent yesterday.

　　a.because      b.as    c.since       d.now that

　　24. _____it is raining, we had better take a taxi.

　　a.for       b.as    c.because of   d.when

　　25.“why can’t you do it now?” “_____i’m too busy.”

　　a.since          b.as    c.because   d.for

　　26.he must have passed this way, _____here are his footprints.

　　a.since          b.because of   c.now that   d.for

　　27. _____everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.

　　a.now that      b.because   c.for    d.when

　　28.his speech made_____deep impression on the audience that they could hardly forget it.

　　a.such a       b.so a     c.so    d.such

　　29.they worked hard_____they finished their work ahead of time.

　　a.so       b.so that   c.such that   d.so as to

　　30.he was_____weak_____ he couldn’t stand up.

　　a.such, that      b.so, that   c.very, that   d.so, as to

　　31.the foreigner spoke_____ his interpreter could hardly catch his words.

　　a.such fast that          b.so fast  

　　c.so fast that              d.so fastly that

　　32.the book is_____ it gives a wrong idea of the facts.

　　a.so writing that              b.such written that  

　　c.such writing that         d.so written that

　　33.the house cost_____ we didn’t buy it.

　　a.so much money that         b.so many money that

　　c.such much money that        d.such many money that

　　34.it is_____ all of us can do it.

　　a.so easy exercise that            b.such easy an exercise

　　c.such easy exercise         d.so easy an exercise that

　　35.she has _____she remembers all the names of the students she has taught.

　　a.so good memory that        b.such a good memory that

　　c.such good memory that        d.good memory

　　36.they stopped at tianjing_____they might visit the tv tower.

　　a.so        b.because   c.so that      d.in order

　　37.we all got up early_____we might start at six.

　　a.in order that      b.in order to      c.so        d.so as to

　　38.let the dog loose so that it_____have a run.

　　a.should       b.must       c.could          d.need

　　39. _____clearly so that your teacher_____you correctly.

　　a.write, can understand        b.having written, can understand

　　c.to write, could understand       d.writing, will understand

　　40.he started early so that he_____there in time.

　　a.could get   b.got       c.had got      d.would have got

　　41. _____it was late , she went on working.

　　a.though   b.because      c.since          d.whether

　　42. _____we fail , we _____trying.

　　a.even if , don’t stop         b.even though, won’t stop

　　c.even, will not stop         d.even although, shall never stop

　　43. _____ the pain was bad, _____he did not complain.

　　a.although, but          b.though, but 

　　c.though, yet          d.even, still 

　　44. _____ physics, he likes maths better.

　　a.as he much likes          b.much as he likes   

　　c.much likes as he          d.likes much as he

　　45. _____telephones, tell him i’m out.

　　a.no matter whoever b.who          c.whoever      d.anyone

　　46.we’ll carry the reform to the end_____ happens.

　　a.no matter how          b.whatever  

　　c.anything           d.no matter which

　　47.it takes_____time to go there by plane than by ship.

　　a.far fewer           b.far less  

　　c.much fewer          d.more less

　　48.he is taller than_____ in his class.

　　a.others           b.all the students  

　　c.any other one           d.the other

　　49. _____ it was finished in time.

　　a.as the work was difficult           b.difficult as the work was

　　c.difficult as was the work        d.as was the work difficult

　　50.i am sorry_____ i have caused so much trouble.

　　a.that     b.for       c.as    d.since

　　51. _____ he came, he would bring us a lot of flowers.

　　a.every times   b.one time      c.every time   d.once a time

　　52.i’ll tell him about it_____i see him.

　　a.as soon as      b.so soon as         c.while    d.as

　　53.i had hardly sat down_____ the telephone rang

　　a.than        b.when          c.as     d.after

　　54.sit _____ you like.

　　a.where   b.at the place     c.as     d.wherever

　　55. _____ he  wasn’t ready in time, we went without him.

　　a.since    b.as       c.for    d.because of

　　56.all plants need air_____ they need water.

　　a.like     b.as if           c.as     d.so

　　57.work hard _____ you can succeed.

　　a.in order to   b.so that      c.for fear that  d.in case

　　58.if you_____i will go with you.

　　a.go to    b.went       c.will    d.should go

　　59.the hard he works, _____he will make.

　　a.the greater              b.the greater progress

　　c.and the more             d.more

　　60. _____ we have thought it over , we’ll take_____steps.

　　a.till, not       b.when , no      c.until, any         d.until, no

　　(1.b 2.c 3.b 4.a 5.d 6.d 7.b 8.a 9.b 10.b 11.b 12.a 13.b14.a15.b 16.d 17.b 18.b19.c 20.b 21.b 22.a 23.a 24.b 25.c 26.d 27.a 28.a 29.b 30.b 31.c 32.d 33.a 34.d 35.b 36.c 37.a 8.c39.a 40.a 41.a 42.b 43.c 44.b 45.c 46.b 47.b 48.c 49.b 50.a 51.c 52.a 53.b 54.d 55.b 56.c 57.b 58.c 59.b 60.d)

Sports 篇11

　　lesson 2 extreme sports

　　教案

　　teaching aims:

　　1. to practice strategies for preparing to listen to a text

　　2. to practise expressing preferences

　　3. to practise using phrasal verbs

　　4. to practise using correct intonation in questions

　　teaching main points:

　　1. to improve students’ listening ability

　　2. to talk about the extreme sports

　　teaching aids:  cai

　　teaching procedures:

　　step1.  warm up

　　talk about the extreme sports

　　read through the key words with the students and have them match the words to the pictures.

　　step2.  pre-reading

　　read through the listening strategies with the class.

　　ask students what clues they get about the content of the next listening text from the title of this lesson, the pictures and their own knowledge of the world.

　　give students time to read through the questions and guess the answers before play the cassette.

　　step3. listening

　　task1. students listen to the cassette and check their guesses.

　　task2. read the entries in the table with the class and check that students understand that would like to means that the person has not yet done the sport.

　　play the cassette for students to complete the table.

　　check students’ answer by having them make sentences about carol and jonathan.

　　step4. exercises

　　step5. homework 

Sports 篇12

　　教學目標

　　教學目標與要點

　　1.能夠熟練運用所學知識來談論"運動"，特別是一些和生活密切相關的運動項目。

　　2.掌握本單元的有關"water sports"的單詞和短語，能聽、說、讀部分地名，重點掌握 no mater，both…and…，all over等短語或習慣用語的用法。

　　3.進一步學習現在完成時態，特別注意它與already，just，yet，very等詞的連用，同時能夠區別它們的用法。

　　4.能夠熟練運用現在完成時態，用它來表達由過去開始，和現在相聯系的動作或影響，能夠區別一般過去時與現在完成時的不同。

　　5.運用本單元所學知識來描述某一運動。如：the Olympic Games或surfing或diving等。

　　素質教育目標

　　1. 進一步學習現在完成時，靈活運用already, just, ever, never等詞語。

　　2. 引導學生對水上運動和其他運動進行描述，達到闡述自已喜好的目標。

　　3. 在學習過程中，讓學生了解體育運動對每個人的生活和工作的重要性。

　　4. 通過各種教學手段，如聲音、圖片、動畫、電視、網絡等，讓學生在了解有關體育知識的基礎上，自覺參與各項體育運動，培養積極向上的生活情趣。

　　5. 引導學生嘗試運用不同的學習工具、學習方法、媒體素材等進行學習和提高。

　　教材內容分析

　　本單元是圍繞這一中心話題，結合現在完成時態來開展教學活動的。我們要能運用所學知識來談論"運動"，特別是一些與生活密切相關的運動項目。本單元進一步講述了現在完成時態以及常與之連用的一些副詞，通過對話將現在完成時態與一般過去時態進行了比較，使我們搞清了兩種時態的差異和所強調的語法點，以及他們所需時間狀語的范圍。進而使學生對現在完成時態的第一種用法，表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果的認識更加清晰。本單元的寫作訓練是an interview about Li Lida who first tried to cross the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000。

　　句型及日常交際用語

　　1. both … and …

　　2. neither … nor …

　　3. not only … but also …

　　4. 主句+ though + 從句

　　5. one of

　　6. No matter +wh-詞

　　7. - How long have you been here in Sydney?

　　- Since last Wednesday.

　　- I have been here for two weeks already.

　　8. -Has anybody done sth. before?

　　-We have. / Bruce has. /Nobody has. / …

　　9. -Have you ever been to + 地點?

　　-Yes, I have. No, I haven't. /Never. / …

　　10. He has gone to + 地點

　　11. -Would you like to have a try?

　　-Yes, very much.

　　本單元重點例句及相關知識的講解

　　1.What's the surfing like today? 今天沖浪怎么樣？

　　surf作名詞，意為"拍岸之浪，拍岸浪花"；作動詞用，意為"沖浪，作沖浪運動"。surfing是surf的動名詞形式，surfer意為"沖浪者，沖浪運動員"。surfing是一項水上運動，水上運動的項目還有water－skiing滑水，water polo水球，dive跳水，Swim游泳。

　　2.Have you ever been to Hawaii? 你去過夏威夷嗎？

　　have been to. . .意思是"到過，去過"，表示曾到過某地，但此時人已不在那兒了。而have gone to…意思是"去了某地"，現在人可能在去的途中或已在那個地方了，而不在說話人處。例如：

　　（1）Have you ever been to Hong Kong? 你曾經去過香港嗎？

　　（2）Jim has gone to England. 吉姆去英國了。

　　（3）Where is Lily? Has she gone to the library? 莉莉在哪兒？她去圖書館了嗎？

　　3.The beaches there are better than the ones here 中的the ones如何理解和使用？

　　這里的ones代表前面出現beaches。one用于表示前面同名稱的一類事物。ones表示復數概念。例如：

　　－Have you a watch? -Yes, I have a good one.

　　一你有表嗎？一有，我有一塊好表。

　　-Have you got any pens? -Yes, I have got many good ones.

　　一你有鋼筆嗎？一有，我有許多好鋼筆。

　　注意：在用one（ones）作代詞時，有幾點要慎重：

　　①序數詞不能用one代替，伴有基數詞的名詞可用one，ones代替。例如：

　　As we have finished the first chapter, now we'll read the second.

　　我們讀完了第一章，現在讀第二章了。

　　（不能將 the second改為 one）

　　He has two red pencils and two blue ones.

　　他有兩支紅鉛筆和兩支藍鉛筆。

　　②it（them）和one（ones）同是作代詞，代替前面出現的事，但用法不同。

　　讓用于同名稱的同樣事物；one用于同名稱的另一樣東西。例如：

　　-Have you still the radio set? -No. I have sold it.

　　一你有收音機嗎？一沒有，我把它賣了。

　　（這里的訂是指前面的the radio set，它們是同一個無線電收音機。）

　　-Is this fountain pen yours? -No, it is my sister's. Mine is the one on the table.

　　一這支自來水鋼筆是你的嗎？一不，它是我姐姐的。我的是桌上那一支。

　　（這里的one不是前面的那支fountain pen，它們不是同一支自來水鋼筆。）

　　-Do you want the watch? -Yes, I want it.

　　一你要買那塊表嗎？一想買那塊表。

　　（同一塊表，it即：the watch）

　　-What are pandas like? -I've never seen one, so I don't know what they are like.

　　一熊貓是什么樣的？一我從來沒見到過，所以不知道熊貓是什么樣子。

　　（one這里泛指同類事物中的一樣東西）

　　4.I don't know how to surf. 我不知道怎樣沖浪。

　　how to surf是"疑問詞 + 動詞不定式"作賓語。英語中，"疑問詞 +動詞不定式"可作一些及物動詞的賓語，疑問詞可以是what，which，who，whose等疑問代詞，也可以是when，where，how等疑問副詞。可以用此結構作賓語的動詞有：know，decide，find out，tell，forget，remember，see，understand等。這類簡單句往往是由（含特殊疑問句變成的賓語從句的）復合句轉化改寫而成。例如：

　　（1）She didn't know which blouse to buy. ( =She didn't know which blouse she should buy.) 她不知道該買哪件襯衫。

　　（2）I'm thinking about what to say. ( =I'm thinking about what I should say. ) 我在考慮說什么。

　　5.Now it is enjoyed by people all over the world. 現在全世界的人都喜歡這項運動。

　　is enjoyed是被動語態，by people all over the world 被全世界的人。這一句也可改寫成： People all over the world enjoy it now.

　　6.It's neither too hot nor too cold all the year round. 全年天氣既不太冷也不太熱。

　　neither… nor… 既不……也不……，它們可以用來連接相同的兩個句子成分或詞類。如果連接的是主語，則謂語與第二個主語保持一致。

　　例：(1) He isn't a student. I'm not a student.

　　Neither he nor I am a student.

　　(2) He doesn't speak French. He doesn't speak Japanese.

　　He speaks neither French nor Japanese.

　　Neither…nor的完全肯定形式是：both…and或not only…but also。

　　但both…and如連接主語，則謂語動詞用復數，not only…but also與第二個主語保持一致。

　　例：He likes singing. I like singing, too.

　　Both he and I like singing. ( =Not only he but also I like singing. )

　　7. Li Lida, a 12-year-old schoolboy first tried to cross the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000.

　　在2000年6月，一個12歲的男生李立達第一次試著橫渡瓊州海峽。

　　（1）21-year-old在這里可以看作是一個合成詞，作形容詞用，用來修飾schoolboy。在英語中，"數字+量詞"構成的復合形容詞，中間要加連字符號，量詞用單數形式。

　　例如：100-metre race 一百米賽跑。

　　two-month holiday兩個月的假期。

　　試比較：The boy is five years old.

　　He s a five-year-old boy.

　　（2）cross為動詞，是"越過、穿過"的意思。意思相近的詞有：through（prep）.穿過，指從……（內部或空間）中穿行，across（prep）.橫過，指從物體的表面由這邊到另一邊。另外，through可作副詞用。

　　cross與across含義基本相同，但cross是動詞。over也可表示"橫過；通過"，著重強調越過某物，從高空中越過。

　　例：（1）Jack was through with the English test.

　　杰克通過了這次英語測試。

　　（2）The old lady crossed the street carefully and slowly.

　　那老婦人慢慢地、小心地走過街去。

　　（3）The ship passed through the bridge.

　　輪船過了橋。（從橋下穿過）

　　（4）The boy climbed over the wall to get his ball.

　　那男孩爬過墻去取球。

　　（5）The blind man walked across the street slowly.

　　那盲人慢慢地走過街道。

　　8.His teacher, Mr Feng, spoke highly of his students 中的speak highly of ?

　　這里的speak highly of是指"高度評價"，"贊揚"的意思。例如：

　　The teachers present all spoke highly of his spirits.

　　在場的老師都稱贊他的精神。

　　We should speak highly of his saving the girl in the cold water against the risk of his life.

　　他冒著生命危險，在寒冷的水中救出這個女孩子，應該受到贊頌。

　　He was spoken highly of by the girl's parents.

　　他受到了女孩子父母的贊揚。

　　有關speak的一些詞組：

　　speak ill of 說……壞話

　　speak for 充當……代言人

　　speak for oneself 為自己辯護

　　speak sb fair 對某人彬彬有禮說話

　　to speak of 值得一提（常用于否定句中）

　　9.He is not only the pride of our school but also the pride of all the people in Hainan.

　　他不僅是我們學校的驕傲，也是海南全體人民的驕傲。

　　not only…but also意思是"不僅……而且"，應連接相同的語法成分。當連接主語時，謂語動詞采用就近原則，即隨后面的主語而定。例如：

　　（l）Not only you but also your father is coming. 不但你，而且你父親也要來。（連接主語）

　　（2）Jane is not only beautiful but also kind. 珍妮不但漂亮，而且人非常好。（連接表語）

　　（3）He plays not only the piano but also the violin. 他不僅彈鋼琴，還拉小提琴。（連接賓諾）

　　（4）They not only sing but also dance. 他們不但唱還跳。（連接謂語）

　　10.no matter +what/who/which/when/where /how

　　無論……。No matter這個詞組可以用來接兩個分句，不能只用于一個分句。另外，no matter后面用的是現在時，其含義卻是將來。

　　No matter what you say, I won't believe you.

　　無論你說什么，我都不會相信你。（解釋是沒有用的）

　　No matter who telephones, say I'm out. 無論誰打電話來，都說我出去了。

　　No matter when you come, you'll be more than welcome.

　　無論你什么時候來，你都會受到熱烈地歡迎。

　　No matter how hard you try, you'll never lose your English accent.

　　無論你怎么努力，你都不會改掉你的英文口音。

　　11. none，neither

　　none一般指三者或三者以上"都不"，是代詞all的反義詞。當談到兩個人或兩件事的時候，不用non，而用nether，意思是"兩者都不"，是代詞both的反義詞。none和none of作主語時，謂語動詞即可以用單數形式，也可以用復數形式。當表示一個人或物"都不"時，一般用單數形式；當表示所有的人或物"都不"時，一般用復數形式。當它在非正式的文體中更常用復數形式。neither，neither of作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。但如果是neither…nor…"既不……也不；兩者都不"作主語時，謂語動詞根據nor后面的主語而定（也稱為鄰近原則）。

　　None of her students are/is here.她的學生中沒有一個在這里。

　　None of those buses go to Tianjin.

　　那些公共汽車沒有一輛是開到天津去的。

　　Neither of her parents helps her. 她的父母都不幫助她。

　　Neither of the two boys is right. 這兩個男孩沒一個對。

　　Neither Tom nor I have been to New York.

　　湯姆和我都沒去過紐約。

　　Neither you nor he has come home early. 你和他都未早回家。

　　12. journey和trip的區別

　　（1）journey適用范圍很廣，可指陸路、海程或飛程。但在距離較短時一般不用這個詞。

　　It's over 40-hour journey by train from Beijing to Yunnan.

　　從北京到云南乘火車需要四十多小時的路程。

　　Have a good journey! 祝你旅途愉快！

　　（2）trip嚴格說來指"短途旅行"，目的可以是公事或娛樂。但在日常用語中也可與 journey互換。

　　We're planning to make a trip to the Great Wall.

　　我們正計劃去長城游覽一次。

　　關于現在完成時的教學建議

　　既然本單元的重點和難點是動詞的現在完成時態，而這個時態又是英語動詞時態中較難掌握的一種，我們應將它的特點、含義和用法等通過舉例和口筆頭練習交代清楚。

　　1.現在完成時態的含義是表示過去發生的或已完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。特點是既涉及過去，又聯系現在：動作是過去發生的，結果是現在存在的。舉兩個例子說明： 

　　She has come. (她來了。)

　　這句話說明兩點：1)她是過去某一時候來的； 2)她現在還在這里。而主要說明她還在這里了。

　　動詞用現在完成時態，表示“現在還存在的過去某一動作的結果或影響”。至于她過去是什么時候來的，是十分鐘以前還是一小時以前，并不是這句話所要說明的情況。

　　She has gone. (她走了。)

　　從這句話中動詞所用的現在完成時態可以看出“走”的動作是過去發生的，而對現在所造成的結果是她不在這里了。

　　動詞現在完成時態所表示的“現在的影響或結果”可以包含各種情況：看得見的或看不見的，肯定的或否定的；                                                                   

　　Look! The blackboard is so clean now.

　　He has cleaned the blackboard. (他已經擦過黑板了。)

　　這句話所表示的結果是看得見的，黑板現在是干凈的。

　　He speaks French so fluently. He learned it in Paris. He was there for two years.

　　He has studied French. (他學過法語。)

　　這句話所說明的結果是看不見的：他現在懂法語。

　　上述兩句如加上not，never或別的否定詞，所說的結果就是否定的：

　　He hasn't cleaned the room. Everything here is in a mess. (他沒有打掃房間。)

　　結果是：房間不干凈。

　　He has never learned English. He doesn’t know English. (他從來沒有學過英語。)

　　結果是，他不懂英語。

　　不管是哪一種影響或結果，只有在目前還存在的情況下才可用現在完成時態。一旦結果或影響不復存在，就不能用現在完成時，而應用一般過去時。這就是現在完成時和一般過去時的區別所在。試看下面的例句：

　　He has cleaned the room. Now room is very cleanly. (他已經打掃房間了，現在房間很干凈。)

　　He cleaned the room an hour ago，but it's dirty now. (他一小時前打掃過房間，可是現在房間又臟了。)

　　上面的例子表明：一般過去時說的是過去發生的或已經結束了的動作，它和現在沒有直接關系；即使事實上和現在有關系，說話時也不強調這種關系，而只是指出那個動作發生在過去某一時間。而現在完成時，卻正要強調過去的動作和現在的關系。

　　我們可以設計一對對用詞相近而動詞時態不同的句子，讓學生說出它們意思上的差別，以幫助他們弄清現在完成時的含義以及它和一般過去時的不同。例如：

　　1）The teacher has written some new words on the blackboard.

　　The teacher wrote some new words on the blackboard.

　　2） I’ve just washed my clothes.

　　I washed my clothes before supper.

　　2.英語動詞的現在完成時態是由助動詞have(has)+ 動詞的過去分詞構成的。規則動詞的過去分詞和它的過去式相同,即在原形后加-(-d)。可參考教參上的不規則動詞的過分分詞分類，以便記憶.

　　注1：情態動詞只有原形過去式，沒有過去分詞。

　　can could may might must must will would shall should

　　注2：個別動詞有兩個過去式和兩個過去分詞，一個為規則變化，另一個為不規則變化：

　　3.為了使學生能掌握一般過去時和現在完成時的不同用法，可以編些帶有這兩種時態的對話，讓學生進行英漢互譯的口筆頭練習。下面的對話供參考：

　　1) Have they cleaned the room?

　　Yes, they've already cleaned it.

　　When did they clean it?

　　They cleaned it an hour ago.

　　2) She has gone to London, hasn't she?

　　Yes, she has.

　　How did she go there?

　　She went there by plane.

　　3) Have you got Kate's phone call?

　　Yes, I've just got it.

　　What did she say?

　　She wanted me to ask you to call back.

　　以上對話中的有關單詞和短語，可用替換詞語，以增加練習量。

　　關于訓練聽說讀寫能力的教學建議

　　一、聽力訓練

　　1.在對話與課文的教學當中，可設計先讓學生想像對話的場景和可能發生的事情，再放對話的錄音，加強學生的注意力，以達到提高聽力的效果。

　　2.可在聽錄音這之前、聽錄音之后，分別給出不同的問題來引導學生在聽的時候要有所側重。如第6課的問題可設計如下：

　　I. What sports do you like best?

　　What is the surfing like?

　　Where did surfing first start?

　　o Why is Waikiki one of the best beaches for surfing in Honolulu?

　　o Who surfs three times a day if possible?

　　o How does Jake Booth make a living in Honolulu?

　　o When does he go surfing every day?

　　二、口語訓練

　　1.設計場景，讓學生反復練習句型對話，如：

　　1) Have they cleaned the room?

　　Yes, they've already cleaned it.

　　When did they clean it?

　　They cleaned it an hour ago.

　　2) She has gone to London, hasn't she?

　　Yes, she has.

　　How did she go there?

　　She went there by plane.

　　3) Have you got Kate's phone call?

　　Yes, I've just got it.

　　What did she say?

　　She wanted me to ask you to call back.

　　2.在第5課的教學中，可讓學生先根據課本中的圖片，想一想Ted與Bruce在談論什么，并根據提供的關鍵句，設計他們的談話。可提供下列句型：

　　What's the surfing like today?

　　How long have you been …?

　　Have you ever been to …?

　　Would you like to have a try?

　　3.復述第6課課文

　　細讀第6課課文后，以第三人稱來復述沖浪運動的特點等。

　　三、閱讀訓練

　　1.先引導學生看關于課文內容的問答題和填空題，然后讓學生帶著問題再去讀課文。

　　第6課可設計如下問題：

　　Where did surfing first start?

　　Why is Waikiki one of the best beaches for surfing in Honolulu?

　　What's the difference between serious surfers and the so-called "beach boys"?

　　Is Jack Booth a serious surfer or a beach boy?

　　How does he make a living in Honolulu?

　　When does he go surfing every day?

　　2.回答問題后，再細讀課文，找出每一段的主題句。

　　如：Surfing is one of the world's most popular water sports.

　　Waikiki is one of the best beaches for surfing in Honolulu.

　　There is a big difference between serious surfers and the so-called "beach boys"

　　About the man named Jake Booth who gave up his job to surf in Hawaii and His opinions on surfing.

　　四、寫作訓練

　　1. 根據第八課的短文，組織學生用英語仿寫一篇關于Li Lida游過海峽的新聞報道，全文不少于10句話。要求寫清楚發生了什么事，事件的地點、時間、人物，以及相關人士的評論等。

　　2. 以My Favourite…為題準備一篇英文短文，應不少于10個句子。題目范圍可放寬，可以自由選擇，只要有個人的喜好就可以。如My Favourite Animal/ Food/ Farm/ Life/ Color/ Sport/ Season/ Song/ film …

　　3. 書面表達

　　假設你剛從海南島度假回來，享受了陽光，沙灘，沖浪，美食…… 根據本單元所學的內容，用英語寫一篇大約50字左右的短文。

Sports 篇13

　　unit 8 adventure lesson 30 extreme sports教案

　　lesson 30 extreme sports教案（北師大必修3）

　　teaching aims:

　　1. to practise strategies for preparing to listen to a text.

　　2. to practise expressing preferences

　　3. to practise using phrasal verbs

　　4. to practise using correct intonation in questions

　　teaching difficulties:

　　1. to practise expressing preferences

　　2. to practise using phrasal verbs

　　teaching aids: computer and cassette 

　　teaching procedures:

　　ⅰlistening

　　do you want to know more knowledge about extreme sports? now we’ll listen to dialogue about it. before listening we study listening strategies, which help you improve listening abilities.

　　task 1 listen and check your answers for exercise 2

　　t: the extreme games attract growing numbers of participants. can you name some extreme sports?(some students may not know much about extreme sports and have less knowledge to use when preparing for the listening text,

　　s:

　　t: who prefer extreme sports, the young or the old?

　　s:.

　　t: if you have chance would you like to try extreme sports?  why?

　　s: trying and experience extreme sports is exciting and challenging or the life is too dull.

　　s: extreme sports are too dangerous, i wouldn’t try. life is valuable and only once , maybe you’ll cost your life for that.

　　(students’ answers are various. it is likely that they will give more wonderful answers)

　　task2 listen to two people talking about extreme sports .complete the table (to practise expressing preferences)

　　task3 listen again. complete the function file with the following words (to practise and consolidate expressing preferences)

　　ⅲ speaking

　　do the exercise 6 use these words to write sentences about your preferences

　　ⅳ vocabulary phrasal verbs

　　do the exercise7,8

　　ⅴ pronunciation: intonation in questions

　　listen to the questions below. in which of them does the intonation go up at the end?

　　after the student give the answers listen again and repeat the questions together. then ask them “do you find out the “rule” about intonation in questions?”

　　guide student’s to come to the conclusion: the rising intonation is used in questions that can be answered by ‘yes/no.’. the falling intonation is used in question-word questions, i.e. beginning with ‘wh-’

　　ⅵ speaking and listening

　　do the exercise 10 firstly in pairs, use the questionnaire to interview your partner. secondly comparing cultures listen to a person talking about sports in the usa britain and answer these questions

　　ⅶ homework

　　exercise 7

Sports 篇14

　　i.                                           analysis of the material.this lesson is the second part of the unit 8. it mainly deals with listening and speaking. the central topic in this lesson is the extreme sports, such as, bungee jumping, ice diving, sky surfing, snowrafting and snowboarding. after learning it, ss can improve their listening skills and have the chances to enhance speaking ability. it is predicted that this lesson will need two periods.ii.                                        analysis of the ssthe ss may firstly have difficulty in listening due to the absence of vocabulary. so it is necessary to learn some new and key words in advance. meanwhile, some of the ss may feel shy to speak in class. so the t should encourage them to speak out.iii.                                     teaching methods1.                   double-activity2.                   ss-central teaching method3.                   group work and individual workiv.                                      teaching objectives1. to practise strategies for preparing to listen to a text.2. to practise expressing preferences3. to practise using phrasal verbs4. to practise using correct intonation in questionsv.   teaching difficulties1.                   to practise expressing preferences2.                   to practise using phrasal verbsvi.                                                    teaching key points1. to practise strategies for preparing to listen to a text.2. to practise using correct intonation in questionsvii.  teaching aids: computer and cassette

　　第一課時

　　first period(listening)step 1. lead-in1.         t asks ss to look at the pictures of extreme sports and think of the benefits from doing extreme sports.2.         find some of these extreme sports in the photos. the key words may help you.key words: bungee jumping, ice diving, sky surfing, snowboarding, snowrafting, white-water rafting.設計意圖：復習已學過的詞匯，并引導學生說出做極限運動的好處，使學生關注運動。同時再學習幾個新的關于極限運動的詞語，達到知識的擴展。step 2. pre-listening1. t presents new vocabulary through pictures and sentences.in order to, gymnastics, similarity, upside down, risk, excitement, various.e.g. most people have to work in order to live. 為了…e.g. you have to be very loose-limbed to do gymnastics well. 體操e.g. the similarity between them has often been remarked on. 類似，相似e.g. you've got the picture upside down, you dope! 顛倒地，倒置地e.g. we must risk getting caught in a storm. risk doing sth. 冒做某事的風險e.g. we're making changes in various directions, ie of various types. 各種各樣的2. t introduces the listening strategies. and prepare to answer the questions showing on the screen.l                       people do extreme sports in order to feela) excited        b) nervous      c)happyl                       extreme sports have become popular in the lasta) 5 years         b)10 years     c)20 yearsl                       people usually bungee jump froma)airplanes        b)high buildings      c) bridgesl                       in sky surfing people do mid-air a) gymnastics      b)dancing        c) swimmingl                       snowboarding has similarities witha) skiing        b) surfing      c) canoeingl                       snowrafting isa) quite dangerous     b)very dangerous     c) not very dangerousl                       for white-water rafting you need a) a big river     b) a warm river       c) a mountain riverl                       ice divers a) swim under the ice        b) walk on the bottom of lakes c) walk upside down under the ice設計意圖：聽前熟悉部分生詞，通過句意了解詞語；提前和同學一起熟悉題目，降低聽力難度。step 3 listeningtask 1. listen to michelle’s talking about extreme sports. and check the eight answers above.task 2.  1.  listen two people talking about extreme sports. complete the table.sportscaroljonathanlikesdoesn’t likewould like to trywouldn’t like to try2.                    listen again. complete the function file with the following words:quite like, ‘d love, can’t stand, love, like, wouldn’t like, ‘d quite like, prefer, hate, ‘d preferpreferences+ing/noun                                   +to+infinitive1. i ＿bungee jumping                      2. i ＿to try sky surfing.4. i＿doing boring sports                    3. i＿ to do snowrafting.6. i＿ winter sports.                        5. i＿to stay at home.7. i＿going skiing.                         10. i＿ to go ice diving.8. i＿snowboarding.9. i＿ slow sports.notes: ▲ can’t stand doing sth. 無法忍受做某事▲                         would love/like/prefer +to+infinitive▲                         like/love/hate +noun/ving/to do▲                         prefer +to do/noun設計意圖：訓練同學聽文章主旨大意獲取主要信息的能力和聽去細節信息的能力，進一步強化詞匯。在聽力過程中學習和鞏固一些句型結構step 4 post-listeningt shows some pictures about sports. encurage the ss to write sentences about their preferences. try to use the sentences structures above.examplesi love skiing. (you have been skiing.)i’d like to try skiing. (you have never been skiing.)設計意圖：運用本課所學詞匯，表達法和已提取的信息進行輸出，鼓勵學生表達自己的想法。板書設計1. vocabulary:  in order to, similarity, upside down, risk doing sth., various2. preferences:  can’t stand doing sth. 無法忍受做某事would love/like/prefer +to+infinitivelike/love/hate +noun/ving/to doprefer +to do/noun

　　第二課時

　　second period(speaking)step 1. reviewlet the whole class work together to review some of the extreme sports. then ask some ss to remenber the words learnt in the last class.設計意圖：幫助學生回顧已學詞匯。step 2. vocabulary: phrasal verbs1. replace the verbs in italics with these words in their correct form. check your answers in a dictionary.①take up = start doing 著手處理，開始（從事）e.g. when did you take up basketball?②be into = be really interested 給迷住,對…深感興趣③turn up = arrive 出現，發生e.g.something unexpexted has turned up.④back out = not do it 不遵守(諾言等)e.g.she backed out of her engagement.⑤go through with = do it as planned完成,把…進行到底e.g. he is determined to go through with the undertaking.⑥put on = wear 穿上 e.g. why on earth did you put on that outfit?⑦set up = organise準備; 安排e.g.all the arrangements have been set up for the newspapermen to meet the queen.⑧get across = explain（使)被理解; (使)被接受e.g. how can we get this across to the students?2. complete some sentences with the phrasal verbs above.1) ann waited for tom for ages but he didn’t＿.2) what kind of music ＿ you ＿ ?3) a friend of mine ＿ just ＿ jogging in order to get fit.4) why don’t we ＿ our computer in the study?5) they were going to have a party last saturday but ＿ at the last minute.keys: turn up; are into; has taken up; set up; backed out.設計意圖：舉例和練習鞏固使學生理解短語意思。在語境中學習詞匯。step 3. pronunciation: intonation in questions1. listen to the questions below. in which of them does the intonation go up at the end?sports questionnaire:1)                  what sports do you like doing?2)                  do you like watching sports on tv?3)                  have you ever turned up for a match?4)                  if your school asked you to be in a team,would you try to back out?5)                  do you think you’ll ever take up a dangerous sports?6)                  what extreme sports would you to try?7)                  have ever watched extreme sports on tv?2. listen again. repeat the questions and translate them into chinese.設計意圖：訓練語音語調，一般疑問句用升調，特殊疑問句用降調。為接下來的說做準備。step 4. speaking in pairs, use the questionnaire to interview your partner.example:a: what sports doyou like doing？b: i’m really into ice skating.is your partner:a)                                                                               very/quite/not very keen on sports?b)                                                                              very/quite/not very interested in extreme sports?設計意圖：鞏固所學動詞短語和語音語調，達到語言輸出。step 5. assignment 1. review the phrasal verbs.2. preview the next lesson.blackboard design:phrasal verbs:①take up 著手處理，開始（從事）②be into 給迷住,對…深感興趣③turn up 出現，發生④back out 不遵守(諾言等)⑤go through with完成,把…進行到底⑥put on 穿上⑦set up準備; 安排⑧get across（使)被理解; (使)被接受

Sports 篇15

　　unit 2 water sports教案

　　教學目標

　　1.能夠熟練運用所學知識來談論"運動"，特別是一些和生活密切相關的運動項目。

　　2.掌握本單元的有關"water sports"的單詞和短語，能聽、說、讀部分地名，重點掌握 no mater，both…and…，all over等短語或習慣用語的用法。

　　3.進一步學習現在完成時態，特別注意它與already，just，yet，very等詞的連用，同時能夠區別它們的用法。

　　4.能夠熟練運用現在完成時態，用它來表達由過去開始，和現在相聯系的動作或影響，能夠區別一般過去時與現在完成時的不同。

　　5.運用本單元所學知識來描述某一運動。如：the olympic games或surfing或diving等。

　　素質教育目標

　　1. 進一步學習現在完成時，靈活運用already, just, ever, never等詞語。

　　2. 引導學生對水上運動和其他運動進行描述，達到闡述自已喜好的目標。

　　3. 在學習過程中，讓學生了解體育運動對每個人的生活和工作的重要性。

　　4. 通過各種教學手段，如聲音、圖片、動畫、電視、網絡等，讓學生在了解有關體育知識的基礎上，自覺參與各項體育運動，培養積極向上的生活情趣。

　　5. 引導學生嘗試運用不同的學習工具、學習方法、媒體素材等進行學習和提高。

　　教學重點和難點

　　句型及日常交際用語

　　1. both … and …

　　2. neither … nor …

　　3. not only … but also …

　　4. 主句+ though + 從句

　　5. one of

　　6. no matter +wh-詞

　　7. - how long have you been here in sydney?

　　- since last wednesday.

　　- i have been here for two weeks already.

　　8. -has anybody done sth. before?

　　-we have. / bruce has. /nobody has. / …

　　9. -have you ever been to + 地點?

　　-yes, i have. no, i haven't. /never. / …

　　10. he has gone to + 地點

　　11. -would you like to have a try?

　　-yes, very much.

　　重點例句講解

　　1.what's the surfing like today? 今天沖浪怎么樣？

　　surf作名詞，意為"拍岸之浪，拍岸浪花"；作動詞用，意為"沖浪，作沖浪運動"。surfing是surf的動名詞形式，surfer意為"沖浪者，沖浪運動員"。surfing是一項水上運動，水上運動的項目還有water－skiing滑水，water polo水球，dive跳水，swim游泳。

　　2.have you ever been to hawaii? 你去過夏威夷嗎？

　　have been to. . .意思是"到過，去過"，表示曾到過某地，但此時人已不在那兒了。而have gone to…意思是"去了某地"，現在人可能在去的途中或已在那個地方了，而不在說話人處。例如：

　　（1）have you ever been to hong kong? 你曾經去過香港嗎？

　　（2）jim has gone to england. 吉姆去英國了。

　　（3）where is lily? has she gone to the library? 莉莉在哪兒？她去圖書館了嗎？

　　3.the beaches there are better than the ones here 中的the ones如何理解和使用？

　　這里的ones代表前面出現beaches。one用于表示前面同名稱的一類事物。ones表示復數概念。例如：

　　－have you a watch? -yes, i have a good one.

　　一你有表嗎？一有，我有一塊好表。

　　-have you got any pens? -yes, i have got many good ones.

　　一你有鋼筆嗎？一有，我有許多好鋼筆。

　　注意：在用one（ones）作代詞時，有幾點要慎重：

　　①序數詞不能用one代替，伴有基數詞的名詞可用one，ones代替。例如：

　　as we have finished the first chapter, now we'll read the second.

　　我們讀完了第一章，現在讀第二章了。

　　（不能將 the second改為 one）

　　he has two red pencils and two blue ones.

　　他有兩支紅鉛筆和兩支藍鉛筆。

　　②it（them）和one（ones）同是作代詞，代替前面出現的事，但用法不同。

　　讓用于同名稱的同樣事物；one用于同名稱的另一樣東西。例如：

　　-have you still the radio set? -no. i have sold it.

　　一你有收音機嗎？一沒有，我把它賣了。

　　（這里的訂是指前面的the radio set，它們是同一個無線電收音機。）

　　-is this fountain pen yours? -no, it is my sister's. mine is the one on the table.

　　一這支自來水鋼筆是你的嗎？一不，它是我姐姐的。我的是桌上那一支。

　　（這里的one不是前面的那支fountain pen，它們不是同一支自來水鋼筆。）

　　-do you want the watch? -yes, i want it.

　　一你要買那塊表嗎？一想買那塊表。

　　（同一塊表，it即：the watch）

　　-what are pandas like? -i've never seen one, so i don't know what they are like.

　　一熊貓是什么樣的？一我從來沒見到過，所以不知道熊貓是什么樣子。

　　（one這里泛指同類事物中的一樣東西）

　　4.i don't know how to surf. 我不知道怎樣沖浪。

　　how to surf是"疑問詞 + 動詞不定式"作賓語。英語中，"疑問詞 +動詞不定式"可作一些及物動詞的賓語，疑問詞可以是what，which，who，whose等疑問代詞，也可以是when，where，how等疑問副詞。可以用此結構作賓語的動詞有：know，decide，find out，tell，forget，remember，see，understand等。這類簡單句往往是由（含特殊疑問句變成的賓語從句的）復合句轉化改寫而成。例如：

　　（1）she didn't know which blouse to buy. ( = she didn't know which blouse she should buy.) 她不知道該買哪件襯衫。

　　（2）i'm thinking about what to say. ( = i'm thinking about what i should say. ) 我在考慮說什么。

　　5.now it is enjoyed by people all over the world. 現在全世界的人都喜歡這項運動。

　　is enjoyed是被動語態，by people all over the world 被全世界的人。這一句也可改寫成： people all over the world enjoy it now.

　　6.it's neither too hot nor too cold all the year round. 全年天氣既不太冷也不太熱。

　　neither… nor… 既不……也不……，它們可以用來連接相同的兩個句子成分或詞類。如果連接的是主語，則謂語與第二個主語保持一致。

　　例：(1) he isn't a student. i'm not a student.

　　neither he nor i am a student.

　　(2) he doesn't speak french. he doesn't speak japanese.

　　he speaks neither french nor japanese.

　　neither…nor的完全肯定形式是：both…and或not only…but also。

　　但both…and如連接主語，則謂語動詞用復數，not only…but also與第二個主語保持一致。

　　例：he likes singing. i like singing, too.

　　both he and i like singing. ( = not only he but also i like singing. )

　　7. li lida, a 12-year-old schoolboy first tried to cross the qiongzhou channel in june, .

　　在XX年6月，一個12歲的男生李立達第一次試著橫渡瓊州海峽。

　　（1）21-year-old在這里可以看作是一個合成詞，作形容詞用，用來修飾schoolboy。在英語中，"數字+量詞"構成的復合形容詞，中間要加連字符號，量詞用單數形式。

　　例如：100-metre race 一百米賽跑。

　　two-month holiday兩個月的假期。

　　試比較：the boy is five years old.

　　he s a five-year-old boy.

　　（2）cross為動詞，是"越過、穿過"的意思。意思相近的詞有：through（prep）.穿過，指從……（內部或空間）中穿行，across（prep）.橫過，指從物體的表面由這邊到另一邊。另外，through可作副詞用。

　　cross與across含義基本相同，但cross是動詞。over也可表示"橫過；通過"，著重強調越過某物，從高空中越過。

　　例：（1）jack was through with the english test.

　　杰克通過了這次英語測試。

　　（2）the old lady crossed the street carefully and slowly.

　　那老婦人慢慢地、小心地走過街去。

　　（3）the ship passed through the bridge.

　　輪船過了橋。（從橋下穿過）

　　（4）the boy climbed over the wall to get his ball.

　　那男孩爬過墻去取球。

　　（5）the blind man walked across the street slowly.

　　那盲人慢慢地走過街道。

　　8.his teacher, mr. feng, spoke highly of his students 中的speak highly of ?

　　這里的speak highly of是指"高度評價"，"贊揚"的意思。例如：

　　the teachers present all spoke highly of his spirits.

　　在場的老師都稱贊他的精神。

　　we should speak highly of his saving the girl in the cold water against the risk of his life.

　　他冒著生命危險，在寒冷的水中救出這個女孩子，應該受到贊頌。

　　he was spoken highly of by the girl's parents.

　　他受到了女孩子父母的贊揚。

　　有關speak的一些詞組：

　　speak ill of 說……壞話

　　speak for 充當……代言人

　　speak for oneself 為自己辯護

　　speak sb fair 對某人彬彬有禮說話

　　to speak of 值得一提（常用于否定句中）

　　9.he is not only the pride of our school but also the pride of all the people in hainan.

　　他不僅是我們學校的驕傲，也是海南全體人民的驕傲。

　　not only…but also意思是"不僅……而且"，應連接相同的語法成分。當連接主語時，謂語動詞采用就近原則，即隨后面的主語而定。例如：

　　（l）not only you but also your father is coming. 不但你，而且你父親也要來。（連接主語）

　　（2）jane is not only beautiful but also kind. 珍妮不但漂亮，而且人非常好。（連接表語）

　　（3）he plays not only the piano but also the violin. 他不僅彈鋼琴，還拉小提琴。（連接賓諾）

　　（4）they not only sing but also dance. 他們不但唱還跳。（連接謂語）

　　10.no matter +what/who/which/when/where /how

　　無論……。no matter這個詞組可以用來接兩個分句，不能只用于一個分句。另外，no matter后面用的是現在時，其含義卻是將來。

　　no matter what you say, i won't believe you.

　　無論你說什么，我都不會相信你。（解釋是沒有用的）

　　no matter who telephones, say i'm out. 無論誰打電話來，都說我出去了。

　　no matter when you come, you'll be more than welcome.

　　無論你什么時候來，你都會受到熱烈地歡迎。

　　no matter how hard you try, you'll never lose your english accent.

　　無論你怎么努力，你都不會改掉你的英文口音。

　　11. none，neither

　　none一般指三者或三者以上"都不"，是代詞all的反義詞。當談到兩個人或兩件事的時候，不用non，而用nether，意思是"兩者都不"，是代詞both的反義詞。none和none of作主語時，謂語動詞即可以用單數形式，也可以用復數形式。當表示一個人或物"都不"時，一般用單數形式；當表示所有的人或物"都不"時，一般用復數形式。當它在非正式的文體中更常用復數形式。neither，neither of作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。但如果是neither…nor…"既不……也不；兩者都不"作主語時，謂語動詞根據nor后面的主語而定（也稱為鄰近原則）。

　　none of her students are/is here.她的學生中沒有一個在這里。

　　none of those buses go to tianjin.

　　那些公共汽車沒有一輛是開到天津去的。

　　neither of her parents helps her. 她的父母都不幫助她。

　　neither of the two boys is right. 這兩個男孩沒一個對。

　　neither tom nor i have been to new york.

　　湯姆和我都沒去過紐約。

　　neither you nor he has come home early. 你和他都未早回家。

　　12. journey和trip的區別

　　（1）journey適用范圍很廣，可指陸路、海程或飛程。但在距離較短時一般不用這個詞。

　　it's over 40-hour journey by train from beijing to yunnan.

　　從北京到云南乘火車需要四十多小時的路程。

　　have a good journey! 祝你旅途愉快！

　　（2）trip嚴格說來指"短途旅行"，目的可以是公事或娛樂。但在日常用語中也可與 journey互換。

　　we're planning to make a trip to the great wall.

　　我們正計劃去長城游覽一次。

　　現在完成時

　　既然本單元的重點和難點是動詞的現在完成時態，而這個時態又是英語動詞時態中較難掌握的一種.

　　1.現在完成時態的含義是表示過去發生的或已完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果。特點是既涉及過去，又聯系現在：動作是過去發生的，結果是現在存在的。舉兩個例子說明： 

　　she has come. (她來了。)

　　這句話說明兩點：1)她是過去某一時候來的； 2)她現在還在這里。而主要說明她還在這里了。

　　動詞用現在完成時態，表示“現在還存在的過去某一動作的結果或影響”。至于她過去是什么時候來的，是十分鐘以前還是一小時以前，并不是這句話所要說明的情況。

　　she has gone. (她走了。)

　　從這句話中動詞所用的現在完成時態可以看出“走”的動作是過去發生的，而對現在所造成的結果是她不在這里了。動詞現在完成時態所表示的“現在的影響或結果”可以包含各種情況：看得見的或看不見的，肯定的或否定的；

　　look! the blackboard is so clean now.

　　he has cleaned the blackboard. (他已經擦過黑板了。)

　　這句話所表示的結果是看得見的，黑板現在是干凈的。

　　he speaks french so fluently. he learned it in paris. he was there for two years.

　　he has studied french. (他學過法語。)

　　這句話所說明的結果是看不見的：他現在懂法語。

　　上述兩句如加上not，never或別的否定詞，所說的結果就是否定的：

　　he hasn't cleaned the room. everything here is in a mess. (他沒有打掃房間。)

　　結果是：房間不干凈。

　　he has never learned english. he doesn’t know english. (他從來沒有學過英語。)

　　結果是，他不懂英語。

　　不管是哪一種影響或結果，只有在目前還存在的情況下才可用現在完成時態。一旦結果或影響不復存在，就不能用現在完成時，而應用一般過去時。這就是現在完成時和一般過去時的區別所在。試看下面的例句：

　　he has cleaned the room. now room is very cleanly. (他已經打掃房間了，現在房間很干凈。)

　　he cleaned the room an hour ago，but it's dirty now. (他一小時前打掃過房間，可是現在房間又臟了。)

　　上面的例子表明：一般過去時說的是過去發生的或已經結束了的動作，它和現在沒有直接關系；即使事實上和現在有關系，說話時也不強調這種關系，而只是指出那個動作發生在過去某一時間。而現在完成時，卻正要強調過去的動作和現在的關系。

　　2.英語動詞的現在完成時態是由助動詞have(has)+ 動詞的過去分詞構成的。規則動詞的過去分詞和它的過去式相同,即在原形后加-(-d)。可參考教參上的不規則動詞的過分分詞分類，以便記憶.

　　注1：情態動詞只有原形過去式，沒有過去分詞。

　　can could may might must must will would shall should

　　注2：個別動詞有兩個過去式和兩個過去分詞，一個為規則變化，另一個為不規則變化：

　　寫作訓練

　　1. 根據第八課的短文，組織學生用英語仿寫一篇關于li lida游過海峽的新聞報道，全文不少于10句話。要求寫清楚發生了什么事，事件的地點、時間、人物，以及相關人士的評論等。

　　2. 以my favourite…為題準備一篇英文短文，應不少于10個句子。題目范圍可放寬，可以自由選擇，只要有個人的喜好就可以。如my favourite animal/ food/ farm/ life/ color/ sport/ season/ song/ film …

　　3. 書面表達

　　假設你剛從海南島度假回來，享受了陽光，沙灘，沖浪，美食…… 根據本單元所學的內容，用英語寫一篇大約50字左右的短文。

　　典型例題

　　1. it was dark, but they went on ______. they never work so late, though they worked late last night. now they are not working, they are having a rest.

　　a. work b. to work c. worked d. working

　　分析與解答：go on doing sth.意為"繼續做某事"，go on to do sth.意為"接著做另外一件事"。根據題意，本題答案為d。例如：he didn't have a rest but went on running. 他沒有休息而是繼續跑了。

　　2. - who jumps _____in your class?

　　- li ming. he cleared the 1.6 meter ban last week.

　　a. high b. highest c. the most highly d. tallest

　　分析與解答 high表示"高的，高地"，既可以作形容詞又可以作副詞。highly adv. 表示："高度的，高尚的"等， think highly of somebody 意思是器重某人，speak highly of somebody意思是"稱贊某人"。在這里表示跳得高，只要用 high就可以，又根據in the class所以用最高級，選b。tall主要用來表示形容人或物的高低。

　　3. 根據句意選擇合適的詞語填空。

　　1). the important thing is to be good at ______.

　　we must ______ this problem carefully, (study, learn)

　　2). when you _______a street, you must walk _______it quickly and not run. 　　　　(cross, across)

　　3). during this holiday, i'm going to make a long _______ with my family. 　　　　(journey, trip)

　　4). my son is my ________. he can speak english very well.

　　i'm ______of knowing the football star. (pride, proud)

　　5). the children have ______made a snowman. they are singing and dancing around it.

　　the children made a snowman ______. (just, just now)

　　6). ______ tom ______ i are happy to be your students.

　　______ tom ______ i am good at painting. (both…and…, neither…nor…)

　　答案

　　1).learning 此句意思是：重要的事情是要學會學習。）study（我們必須認真研究這個問題。研究用study。）

　　2).cross, across（第一個空需要一個動詞，而第二個空由于前面有動詞walk所以需要一個介詞。）

　　3).journey（長途旅行用journey）

　　4).pride（意思是我的兒子是我的驕傲。用名詞。）proud（我以認識那位球星為榮。用be proud of句型。）

　　5).just（第一句是現在完成時的句子，所以用just表示剛堆完雪人，不強調具體什么時間堆，而主要強調雪人堆完后現在孩子們的心情。）just now（第二句動詞用過去時，強調過去的具體某個時間做的這件事。譯文是：孩子們剛才堆的雪人。）

　　6).both…and…（此句關鍵詞是are和students。both…and…做主語時謂語動詞用復數形式。）neither…nor…（此句關鍵詞是am。因為這個詞組做主語時謂語動詞根據緊挨著的人稱而定。所以nor后面的主語是i因此動詞用am。）

Sports 篇16

　　教學目標

　　知識目標

　　1.詞匯

　　New words and phrases: hold a sports meeting, race, 100-metre race, win, high jump, long jump, neck, active, take a active part in, relay, starting line/ finishing line, runner, as…as, a moment later, go on doing（sth）, fall behind, winner, loud, loudly, lap, pass on, stick, catch up with, neck and neck, well done, congratulation, not as/ so as, rather, loudspeaker, result, dance, headteacher, take turns, do one’s best, hooray.  

　　2.日常交際用語:

　　Bad luck.

　　Come on.

　　well done ！

　　Congratulations（to …）

　　3.語法:

　　形容詞和副詞的比較等級.

　　規則形式：fast faster fastest

　　不規則形式：well better best , badly worse worst, far farther/further farthest/ furthest

　　Wu Peng ran as fast as Lin Tao.

　　She didn’t run as / so fast as Lily.

　　能力目標

　　1.使學生能夠根據教師設計的情景，靈活運用形容詞和副詞的比較級形式進行口頭和筆頭的練習。

　　2.使學生能夠熟練掌握運動會有關項目的詞匯和交際用語，介紹比賽情況。

　　3.使學生能夠讀懂第87課課文,回答課后的問題，并能根據上下文判斷出生詞的大意。

　　4.使學生能夠聽懂與課文難度相當的聽力材料。

　　情感態度目標

　　接力賽是一種既充滿著激烈競爭，同時也必須做到高度協調的一種體育運動。要使學生懂得我國“四個現代化”的建設正如接力賽一樣，在整個國際舞臺上充滿著激烈的競爭，而在國內要有高度的協調。即經濟發達的地區要積極支援經濟落后的地區，只有這樣才能使我們整個中華民族得到騰飛，永遠立足于不敗之地。

　　通過本單元的教學可使學生欣賞到一場生龍活虎、你追我趕、緊張熱烈的比賽情景。教育學生鍛煉身體,熱愛體育,為奧運做貢獻。

　　教學建議

　　教學內容分析

　　本單元是以學校運動會為主要話題，學生在學習與運動會有關項目的詞匯和表示“祝賀”的交際用語同時，還進一步學習形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法。在第85課中,通過對三幅畫面的描述既復習了學期已經學習過的形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級的用法同時又引出本單元體育活動的主題。在86課87課中,主要是通過對一篇有關學校運動會接力賽的描述,體現了本單元語法的重點：一般過去時，并容納了大部分詞匯及全部交際用語。第87中,還介紹了同等比較的形容詞和副詞比較級的句型。在第88課中,主要是總結運動會的比賽情況的相關用語,包括談論比賽結果,采訪運動員,頒發獎品等。

　　語言運用分析

　　本單元圍繞學校開運動會，教授了hold, win, pass, shout, loud等二十多個生詞和一些短語、習慣用語及固定搭配，如：go on doing sth., stop to do sth., get ready to do sth. 等，學習了enough在句中的位置和作用，還有一些表示祝賀的日常用語。在教學對話、課文的同時，復習了一般過去時態。本單元重點講授副詞的比較級、最高級的構成和用法。其實我們在第二冊書中已學過形容詞比較級、最高級的構成、用法。副詞和形容詞一樣有三個級，構成及用法相同，只是副詞最高級前一般不用定冠詞。本課通過運動會的跑、跳，生動、形象地列舉了副詞比較級、最高級在句中的作用，教會了很多有關體育方面的用語，同時復習了很多過去學過的詞語和固定搭配。

　　有關體育運動項目方面的詞匯的教學建議

　　教師可以利用圖片等直觀教具展示給學生，在學生腦海中，確立鮮明的形象，加深記憶。有關圖片可以參照課文36頁，或利用學生用書彩色插頁ⅲ上的插圖，問題如下: What is the boy doing? What are the girls doing? What is the girl doing? 然后教師可以將幾張圖片都展示在黑板上:Why so many people are on the playground? 引導學生將出：They are having a sports meeting.自然引出新課。

　　有關形容詞副詞比較級的教學建議

　　建議教師可以利用投影，實物教學，簡筆畫等手段創設多種情景組織學生進行討論，練習學生口語和筆頭的表達能力，可以一圖多問。

　　（1）教師可以叫三兩個學生到黑板前面來，讓他們站成一行.然后，提問：Who is taller? Who is the tallest? Who is short? Who is the shortest? Can you tell me who runs faster? Who runs fastest? 等學生回答完后，教師可以在教室前面劃一條線，告訴學生這是staring line.叫另一名同學當發令員，教會他發令的表達法，指揮兩個學生從教室前跑到教室后面，然后提問； Who runs slowly? Who runs more slowly? Who runs most slowly? Can you tell me who runs faster? Who runs fastest? Who won? 教師還可以根據具體的情景指導學生就as…as/ not so as…as.句型進行練習。

　　（2）教師還可以叫學生進行立定跳遠比賽，教師設計問題如下：Who jumps high? Who did well? Who did worse? Who did worst of all? Who jumps highest of all?  此部分練習可以在講87課時運用。

　　（3）教師準備一個拉力器幾個學生前來，比較誰的力氣大誰拉的長。問題設計如下： Who is stronger? Who is the strongest? Who is taller? Whose chest-developer is longer? Whose chest-developer is the longest? Who is powerful? Who is the most powerful man? Is Xiao Ming as powerful as Tom?

　　有關閱讀的建議

　　（1）教師可以將文章分為五段，先指導學生閱讀課文，并把課文中有關比賽的情景讓學生用繪畫的形式畫出來。教師可以每段一張圖，每組一段。這樣既練習了學生的閱讀理解能力，又增加了趣味性，激發學生學習興趣。

　　（2）教師可以精心設計板書，概況短文，突出文章重點。如:

　　At starting line: Hu shouted: “Ready? Go!” Runners started to run.

　　On the first lap: Li Lei ran faster.

　　On the second lap: Yu Yan began to catch up with Jim. They were neck and neck.

　　On the third lap: The Class 3 and Class 1 runners were still neck and neck. The Class2 dropped the stick. Class 4 fell and hurt.

　　On the fourth lap: Wu Peng in the front dropped his stick and fell behind. Lin Tao ran past him.

　　詞匯教學

　　到現在為止，學生學習的英語單詞已經很多。如不按照科學規律一味死記硬背，是很難掌握這些單詞的。大綱要求“能熟練地運用所學的拼讀規則拼寫單詞。能根據所學的構詞法判斷和記憶派生詞和合成詞的詞義和詞類”。詞匯教學應貫徹這一要求，幫助學生提高自學能力，訓練他們的科學記憶、聯想的能力。本單元詞匯量較大，但把單詞分類，引導學生按照規律記憶，會大大降低學習的難度。

　　1.利用拼讀規律和聯想記憶單詞拼法

　　hold shout still race hurt drop stick rather

　　cold about till face nurse top ticket father

　　2.派生詞

　　bad→badly loud→loudly

　　run→runner win→winner

　　congratulate→congratulation

　　3.兼類詞

　　形容詞兼副詞 fast high long far

　　動詞兼名詞 jump race

　　介詞兼副詞 behind

　　4.合成詞

　　play + ground → playground loud + speaker → loudspeaker

　　5.同類詞 可用圖表示人體各部分的名稱

　　eye hair arm nose mouth neck body hand leg foot

　　有關采訪運動員的交際用語的建議

　　建議教師設計學生進行采訪對話：例如：

　　A: Congratulations.

　　B: Thank you.

　　A: Can you tell me your name?

　　B: My name is Zhao Fang.

　　A: Which class are you in?

　　B: I am in Class 3 Grade 2.

　　A: How did you win the game?

　　B: I didn’t play well at first. But the rival made a big mistake. I am lucky.

　　能力訓練教學

　　1.本單元的單詞比較多，難于在短時間內記住，可以放在課文中去消化理解，分散難度，以便收到比較好的效果。

　　2.本單元應著重練習形容詞、副詞的比較等級和有關祝賀（Good wishes and Congratulations）的日常交際用語。形容詞和副詞的比較等級在日常生活中運用比較多，務必要熟練掌握。

　　3.兩篇閱讀課文情節生動，扣人心弦，用詞恰到好處。同學們要反復朗讀，最好能背誦。學生應該能用比較流利的英語敘述本校運動會上的一些比賽情況。

　　有關介紹比賽結果的練習

　　Name

　　The 100meter-race

　　The high jumps

　　Julia Read

　　14〞2

　　1.42m

　　Linda White

　　14〞5

　　1.35m

　　Sally Brown

　　15〞

　　1.30m

　　Name

　　The 800meter- race

　　The long jump

　　Simon Hill

　　3’ 30〞

　　4.8m

　　John smith

　　3’ 24〞

　　4.8m

　　Ben little

　　3’ 20〞

　　4.3m

　　Name

　　The 1,500meter-race

　　The shotput

　　Jim green

　　8’ 40〞

　　7.5m

　　Oliver tour

　　9’ 14〞

　　7.5m

　　Carol Jones

　　9’ 14〞

　　8.m

　　教師可以先讓學生閱讀本表，然后用形容詞和副詞的比較級或者as/ so …as的句型造句。不得少于6句。

　　hold用法分析

　　1）hold在句中用作及物動詞時，有如下意義和用法：

　　（1）握，抓住，拿住。如：

　　She is holding up an umbrella. 她正打著傘。

　　He held me by the sleeve. 他抓著我的袖子。

　　Hold the line.稍候［別掛斷］。（打電話用語）

　　（2）容納，裝著。如：

　　The hall can hold 1000 people.這個大廳能容納1000人。

　　（3）擁有，占有。如：

　　I held the job for two years. 這工作我干了兩年。

　　（4）舉行（會議等）。如：

　　They held many get- togethers with the foreign friends. 他們和和外國朋友舉行了多次聯歡。

　　（5）用于某些固定搭配。

　　a. hold back“阻礙、阻止”，如：

　　No one can hold back the wheel of history. 誰也不能阻止歷史車輪前進。

　　b. hold on意為“等待、停止、不要掛斷電話”。如：

　　Hold on a moment till I put my coat on.等一下，讓我穿上外衣。

　　c. hold one’s head high意為“昂首挺胸”。如：

　　They held their heads high when they walked into the meeting hall.他們昂首挺胸地走進了會場。

　　d. hold up意為“舉起，抬起，耽擱”。如：

　　Women can hold up half the sky. 婦女能頂半邊天。

　　The storm held us up. 暴雨把我們耽擱了。

　　Lesson 85多媒體教學設計方案

　　Teaching Procedures:

　　Step 1 Revision

　　Revise the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives and adverbs.

　　（錄像演示）復習形容詞和副詞的比較等級的形式及其用法。

　　（圖片展示）讓學生比較圖中的人物，復習形容詞和副詞的比較等級的形式及其用法。

　　Jim is young.

　　Lucy is younger than Jim.

　　Kate is the youngest.

　　The bike is going fast. 

　　The tractor is going faster. 

　　The taxi is going the fastest.

　　（學生活動）讓學生看圖片用比較級表達圖片中的人物，然后讓學生總結出the comparative form：Regular forms and Irregular forms

　　Step 2 Presentation

　　1.Leading-in

　　設問導入  本課關于運動會的教學：

　　1. Does your school hold a sports meeting every year?

　　2. Do you take part in it? Which sport can you do well in?

　　3. How many sports are there at the sports meeting?

　　2.（課件演示）教學關于運動的詞語

　　hold a sports meeting, the 100-metre race, the high jump, the long jump, the relay race

　　Step 3 Read and learn

　　（錄像演示）演示the 100-metre race的情景，回答：Who was first/second/third in the 100-metre race?

　　（錄像演示）演示the high jump的情景，回答：Who won the high jump?

　　（錄像演示）演示the long jump的情景，回答：Who was first/second/third in the long jump?

　　（課件演示）演示副詞的比較等級課件，了解副詞比較等級的構成和用法

　　Step 4 Practise

　　（圖表練習活動）根據表格中比賽的結果，讓學生用比較等級表達比賽的情況。

　　圖表1

　　The gilrs’ 100-metre race

　　Han Meimei

　　16"7

　　Lucy

　　16"2

　　Wu Dong

　　15"4

　　圖表2

　　The boys' high jump

　　Lin Tao

　　1.59 m

　　Bill

　　1.64m

　　Zhang Jun

　　1.77m

　　Step 5 Read and act

　　（錄像演示）演示對話的情景，學生了解對話內容，教學新單詞neck，解釋句子：Which sport are you in today?

　　It means Which sport are you taking part in today?。

　　Step 6 Exercises

　　用動詞正確時態填空。

　　Last week No. 14 Middle School _________ (hold) a sports meeting on the playground. Lily _________(run) fastest of all in the 100-metre race. Zhang Jun _________(do) best of all in the high jump and Liu Mei _________ (jump) farthest of all in the long jump. Ling Li ________ (fall) and ________(hurt)his neck, so he _________(do)take part in any sport. Now he ________(be) much better.

　　Keys: held, ran, did Jumped, fell, hurt, didn’t, is

　　從方框中選擇適當的詞語完成句子。

　　best, far, fall, which, better, jump, hold a sports meeting

　　1. Zhang Liang ________highest of all.

　　2. They ________on the playground this year.

　　3. Who jumps ________than Mark?

　　4. Zhang Jun did ________of all.

　　5. Who _______and hurt his leg yesterday?

　　6. ________sports is he in today?

　　7. Who is ________than Lin Feng?

　　Keys: 1.jumped  2.will hold a sports meeting  3.farther/further  4.best  5.fell  6.Which  7.better

　　Step 7 Homework

　　1. Finish exercises on page 103.

　　2. Rewrite the passage.

　　3. Finish off the workbook exercises.